The phonology of Icelandic and Faroese

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Cover

Contents

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations

Part I: The historical and theoretical setting

1 THE TWO LANGUAGES AND THEIR HISTORICAL RELATION

1.1 The genetic relation: �Proto-West Nordic�

1.2 West Nordic obstruents

1.3 West Nordic sonorants

1.4 West Nordic vowels

1.5 Diphthongs and semivowels

1.6 Prosodic structure

2 THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

2.1 Quantity and prosodic structure

2.2 Overlong (superheavy) syllables and their development

2.3 The components of the quantity shift 2.4 Quality changes in the Icelandic vowel system2.5 Faroese vowel developments

2.6 The short diphthongs

2.7 The West Nordic consonant shift

2.8 New postvocalic stops

2.9 The skerping and hiatus

2.10 Systemic arrangements and types of syllables

3 THEORETICAL PRELIMINARIES TO THE SYNCHRONIC ANALYSIS

3.1 Phonological levels of representation

3.2 Alphabets for phonological representation

3.3 The representation of time and precedence

3.4 Saturation and fission in West Nordic diphthongs

3.5 The modern diphthongal systems Part II: The modern sound systems4 THE ICELANDIC VOWEL COLOURS AND DIPHTHONGS

4.1 The Icelandic vowel system

4.2 The vowels of non-initial syllables

5 FAROESE VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS

5.1 An overview

5.2 The phonetic and phonological analysis of the Faroese monophthongs and diphthongs

5.3 More on dialect variation and vowel systems

5.4 Hiatus phenomena in Faroese

5.5 The unstressed vowels of Faroese

6 ICELANDIC CONSONANTS

6.1 An overview

6.2 The stops

6.3 The fricatives

6.4 The sonorants 6.5 Summary: the classes of consonants and their element analysis7 FAROESE CONSONANT SEGMENTS

7.1 An overview

7.2 The fortis and lenis plosives

7.3 The fricatives

7.4 Sonorants

7.5 The element analysis of the Faroese system

Part III: Systemic relations and syllabic structure

8 SYSTEMIC RELATIONS IN VOWELS

8.1 Trends towards a diasystem in Icelandic

8.2 The Faroese vowel systems

8.3 The element analysis of reduction: limits on information in restricted environments

8.4 Conclusion: systemic relations in vowel systems 9 SYLLABLE STRUCTURE AND PHONOTACTICS9.1 Syllable structure in Icelandic

9.2 Faroese syllables

9.3 The consonantal phonotactics of Icelandic

9.4 The consonantal phonotactics of Faroese

9.5 Gemination of glides and consonants

9.6 Conclusion: remarks on systemic structure and prominence

10 LENGTH AND QUANTITY IN ACCENTUATION AND PHONOTACTICS

10.1 Length and quantity in Icelandic

10.2 The length rule on lexical and phonological levels in Icelandic

10.3 The prosodic character of Faroese vowels