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BATANEA. See BASAN. BATAVA, (Caftra understood) a citadel of Vindelicia, Tabulae, Notitiae; fo named from the Cohors Batava, in garrifon under the commander in Rhaetia; called also Caftellum ad Aenum, Tabulae: now Palau, being first called Batan, from the Batavi, then Baffau, and Passau ; ftuate in Bavaria, at the confluence of the Danube, Inn, and Ills. E. Long. 13° 30', Lat. 48° 30′. BATAVORUM INSULA, an island formed by the Rhine, having the ocean in front, the Rhine in rear and flanks, Tacitus. But Caefar makes the Meufe one of the flanks. The Batavi were a branch of the Catti, who, in a domeftic fedition, being expelled their country, occupied the extremity of the coaft of Gaul, void of inhabitants, toge. ther with this island, fituate among hoals, Tacitus. Pliny and Ptolemy reckon this ifland to Belgic Gaul. Their name, Batavi, they carried with them from Germany, there being some towns in the territory of the Catti, called Battenberg and Battenhaufen. The quantity of the middle fyllable is doubtful, especially in the poets; fhort in Lucan, long in Sil. Italicus, Juvenal, and Martial, The more ancient Roman authors called this inland Batavorum Infula, or Ager; Zofimus is the first who calls it Batavia; Peutinger, Patavia; but Dion Caffius had long before called it Batava. The bravery of the Batavi, especially the horfe, procured them not only great honour with the Romans, being called their brotters and friends, Infcriptions; but an exemption from taxes, only furnishing the empire with men and arms, Tacitus. The modern name of the island is Betue, or Betaw. BATAVORUM OPPIDUM, a town in the island of the Batavi, mentioned by Tacitus, without any particular name; which has given rife to se. veral furmifes about it, fome fuppofing it to be Nimeguen, but Cluverius, Patavodurum, or Batenburg, both without the ifland; which fituation renders both thefe places inadmiffible; fince Tacitus places this nameless town within the island.

BATHEA, BATHEIA, BATHIA,

See BADIA.

BATHYNIAS, Ptolemy, Pliny; a river of Thrace; which feems to be the Bathyas of Appian. Mela mentions a town called Bathynis, or Bithynis; which was probably fituate on this river. BATHYRA, a village on the other fide Jordan, of uncertain fituation; faid by Jofephus to have been built by a Babylonian, under the auspices of Herod, in the Batanaea. BATHYS, a river of Sicily, Ptolemy; fo called from its high and steep banks, in a rocky foil. It runs first from fouth to north, then bends northwards, and falls into the Tufcan Sea, to the fouth of Parthenicum. Its modern name is Jati, Cluverius.

BATIEIA, the tomb of Ilus, in Troas,

Strabo.

BATNAE, a town of Syria, near Beroea, on this fide Hierapolis, Antonine, Julian; a place fo agreeable as to vie either with Daphnis of Antioch, or with Tempe of Theffaly, Ju-lian. Another Batnae, or Batne, of Mefopotamia, Ammian, Zofimus; to the fouth of Edeffa; built by the Macedonians, at a small distance to the east of the Euphrates, full of rich merchants; where annually, about the beginning of September, a great fair was kept, reforted to from all parts, Ammian. But in Procopius's time it was greatly decayed, and reduced to a little obfcure village.

BATRACHARTA, a town of Chaldaea, on the Tigris, Ptolemy. BATRACHUS, or Batracus, a port of Marmarica, Ptolemy.

BATUA, Peutinger; Butua, Pliny; Buthoë, Scylax, Stephanus; Buthoèce, Sophocles; a town of Dalmatia ; now called Budoa, ftill retaining its ancient name; fituate on the Adritic. E. Long. 19° 20′, Lat. 42° 15'. BATULUM, Virgil, a citadel of Campania, built by the Samnites, Servius. Now extinct. BAUCONICA, Antonine; Bonconica, Peutinger; a town of the Vangio nes, in Gallia Belgica, nine miles from Mogontiacum, and eleven

from

from Borbitomagum ; and therefore fuppofed to be Oppenheim, a town in the palatinate of, and fituate on the Rhine. E. Long. 8°, Lat. 49° 50 ́. BAUCUS, Scylax; a town in the fouth ' of Crete.

BAUDOBRIGA, or Baudobrica, Antonine; Boutobrica, Cluverius; a town of the Treviri, the Bautobrice of Peutinger, Valefius; the name affording fome probability for this, but the Itinerary numbers differ greatly; in the Notitiae Imperii, Bodobriga; from which it appears that it was fituate between Bingium and the Confluentes, in which tract alfo lies Peutinger's Bontobrice, which directs to Boppart, a town of the electorate of Triers, on the weft fide of the Rhine. E. Long. 7°10', Lat. 50° 20′. BAULI, orum, a noble villa of Campania, Cicero, Tacitus; explained Boaulia, a fall for oxen, from the fable concerning Hercules, Servius; who calls the place Baulae: and Silus Italicus, Herculei Bauli; it was fituate between Baiae and the Lacus Lucrinus, Dio, Tacitus. BAVOTA, Ptolemy; an inland town

of Calabria; in the Palatine copy it is Baufa, which may fuggeft a fufpicion of Bafta being the ge. nuine name, which fee. BAUTOBRICA. See BAUDOBRIGA. BAUXARE, Codex Theodof. the fame

with Bauzanum, a town of Rhaetia, below the confluence of the Athefis and Atagis. Now called Bolzano by the Italians, and by the Germans, Botzen; a citadel, under the jurifdiction, and in the territory of Venice, to the north-east of, and not far from Vincenza.

BAXALA, a town of Mefopotamia, Ptolemy; on the river Saocoras, to the fouth of Nifibis.

BAZACATA, an island in the Sinus Gangeticus, Ptolemy.

BAZES, Ptolemy; a town of the territory of Tyana, in Cappadocia.BAZIOTHIA, a city in the tribe of Judah, Joshua.

BAZIRA, or Bezira, Arrian, Curtius; a city of the Hither India. BAZIUM, a promontory of Egypt, on the Arabian Gulf, Ptolemy. BAZRA See BOZRA.

BEATORUM INSULA, Herodotus ;

feven days journey to the weft of Thebae, a diftrict of the Nomos Oafites, called an ifland, because furrounded with fand, like an island in the fea, Ulpian; yet abounding in all the neceffaries of life, though encompaffed with vaft fandy defarts, Strabo; which fome fuppofe to be a third Oafis, in the Regio Ammoniaca; and the fcite of the temple of Ammon anfwers to the above defcription; as appears from the writers on Alexander's expedition thither. It was a place of relegation, or banishment for real or pretended criminals, from which there was no escape, Ulpian. BEBIANA VILLA, a villa in Tuscany, Peutinger; above Fregenae, and fixteen miles to the weft of Rome. BEBII MONTES, mountains running fouth-eaft of the Mons Albanus, or Albius, to the fouth of Pannonia, and north of Dalmatia, Ptolemy. BEBRIACUM. See BEDRIACUM. BEBRYCIA, the ancient name of Bithynia, fo called from the Bebryces, its ancient inhabitants, Hyginus, Valerius Flaccus, Servius. The epithet is Bebryacus, Lucan, Bebrycius, Virgil. The Bebryces were afterwards driven out by the Thracians; viz. the Bithyni and Thyni, Strabo; which he confirms by faying, that the fea-coaft from Apollonia to Salmydeffus in Thrace, was called Thynias. Pliny dittinguishes the Thyni from the Bithyni, the former occupying the fea-coaft, but the latter, the inland country. But this distinction coming to be difufed, all the people were indifcriminately called Bithyni, and the country Bithynia. BEBRYCIA AULA, a royal refidence of Bebryx, near Narbo, to the east of the Pyrenees, in Gallia Narbonenfis, Silius Italicus, Stephanus. The people were called Bebryces, different from the Afiatic, inhabiting Bithynia.

BECHIS, the name of a town in the Delta of Egypt, to the eaft of Alexandria, formerly called Metelis, Stephanus, Coin.

BECIUS, a mountain of the Drangiana, which bounds it on the fouth, Ptolemy.

BECULA. See BAECYLA,

BEDA,

BEDA, a village of Gallia Belgica, | BEGERRI. See BIGERRI.
Notitia; now called Bidburg, or
Bitburg, twelve miles to the north
of Triers, and as many from the
Rhine, towards the Meufe,
BEDAIUM. See BADACUM.
BIDESA, a town of the Aufetani, in
the Hither Spain, Ptolemy; cor-
rupted to Eadefa, and now called
S. Juan de las Badefas, in Catalo-

BEIDIS. See BIDIS.

BELA. See BAALSALISSA.
BELBINA. See BELEMINA.
BELBINA, a fmall island to the fouth
of Aegina, Strabo.

nia.

BEDESIS, Pliny; a river of Gallia Cispadana, which runs between Forum Julii and Forum Ponilii, into the Adriatic, below Ravenna. BEDIRUM, Ptolemy; a town of Libya Interior, near the springs of the Cinyphus, and to the north of mount Girgiris.

BIDRIACUM, Tacitus, Florentine copy; Betriacum, Sueton, Plutarch; Febriacum, Eutropius: the epithet, Bebriacenfis, Pliny; Bebriacus, Juvenal; a village, according to Tacitus, fituate between Verona and Cremona; near Cremona, Plutarch; famous for two fucceffive defeats, Tacitus; viz. that of Galba by Otho, and foon after, that of Ótho by Vitellius. From Tacitus's account, Cluverius conjectures Bedriacum was twenty miles diftant from the confluence of the Padus and Addua, and fifteen miles from Cremona, towards Verona; fo that we come to the spot where now ftands Caneto, a fortified town of Mantea, at the confluence of the Ollius and Clufius. E. Long. 10° 50′, Lat. 45'.

BEELMEON. See BAALMEON. ELELSEPHON. See BAALZEPHON. BEIR-LAHAI-ROI, a well, Mofes; fi. tuate between Kadesh and Bered, or Shur, where Hagar was found by the angel; fignifying The well of him who lives and fees me; probably not far from Gerar, Wells. BEER-RAMATH, Joshua ; a city in the tribe of Simeon.

BEEROTH, Jofhua; a villa of Judea, fituate at the foot of mount Gabaon, feven miles from Aelia, or Jerufalem, on the road to Nicopolis, Jerome.

BEER SHEBA, Mofes; a city to the fouth of the tribe of Judah, adjoining to Idumea, Jofephus. See BER

SABE.

BELCIANA, a town of Affyria, Ptolemy, fituate on the eaft bank of the Tigris.

BELEA. See ELEA of Lucania. BELEIA, Phlegon Trallianus; a town of the Gallia Cifpadana, near Placentia, on an eminence; famous for the longevity of its inhabitants; which is confirmed by Pliny; who calls the people Veleiates, from Veleia.

BELEMINA, Paufanias; Blemina, or Blemmina, Ptolemy; Belbina, Stephanus; a town of Laconica, which, the Arcadians, according to Paufanias, alledged, formerly belonged to, and was violently taken from them,by the Lacedaemonians: add, that Polybius mentions that the Ager Belminaticus was within the limits of Arcadia, on the confines of Megalopolis; and Livy, that the Ager Belbinites, or Belbinates, being violently wrested by the tyrants of Lacedaemon from, was restored to, Megalopolis, by an ancient decree of the Achaeans, in the reign of Philip the fon of Amyntas: The reafon of this violent conduct of the Lacedaemonians, according to Plutarch, was, that this place afforded an easy inroad into their country. BELERIDES. See BALARIDES. BELERIUM, Diodorus Siculus; Anti

veftaeum, or Bolerium, a promontory, Ptolemy; of the Dumnonii, or Damnonii, the westmoft Britons: now called the Lands-End, in Cornwall

BELEUS. See BELUS.

BELGAE, a people of Gaul. See BEL

GICA.

BELGAE, Ptolemy; a people of Bri

tain, to the welt. Now Hampshire, Wiltfhire, and Somerfetfhire, Camden.

BELGIALIS, an island of Afia in the Myrtoan Sea, Ptolemny.

BELGICA, Itinerary; a town of the Ubii, in Gallia Belgica, midway between the rivers Rhine and Roer. Now called Balchufen, Cluverius; a citadel of Juliers, Baudrand.

BELGICA

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BELGICA GALLIA, one of Caefar's three divifions of Gaul, contained between the ocean to the north, the rivers Seine and Marne to the west, the Rhine to the eaft; but on the fouth at different times within different limits. Auguftus inftituting every where a new partition of provinces, added the Sequani and Helvetii, who till then made a part of Celtic Gaul, to the Belgic, Pliny, Ptolemy. The gentilitious name is Belgae, called by Caefar the bravest of the Gauls, becaufe untainted by the importation of luxuries. The epithet is Belgicus, Virgil. BELGINUM, a town of the Treviri, in Gallia Belgica: now called Baldenau, in the electorate of Triers. BELGIUM, manifeftly diftinguished from Belgica, as a part from the whole, Caefar; who makes Belgium the country of the Bellovaci Hirtius adding the Atrebates. But as the Ambiani lay between the Bellovaci and Atrebates, we must alfo add thefe, and thus Belgium reached to the fea, because the Ambiani lay upon it: and thefe three people constituted the proper and genuine Belgae (all the reft being adventitious, or foreigners) and these were the people of Beauvais, Amiens, and Artois.

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BELIA, Ptolemy; a town of the Hither Spain; now called Belchite, in the kingdom of Arragon, Baud

rand.

BELIAS, a river of Mefopotamia, rif ing near Davana, and falling into the Euphrates, Ammian. BELIO, a river of Lufitania, called otherwife Limacas, Strabɔ; Limeas, Mela, Limius, Ptolemy; and Lethe, or the River of Oblivion, Strabo; the boundary of the expedition of Decimus Brutus, the foldiers re fufing, out of fuperftition, to cross, but fnatching an enlign out of the hands of the bearer, he paffed over, and thus encouraged his men to follow, Livy. The first Roman who ever proceeded so far, and ventured to crofs. The reafon of the appellation, according to Strabo, is, that in a military expedition, a fedition arifing between the Celtici and Turduli, after coffing that river, in which the general was flain,

they remained difperfed there, and from this circumftance it came fo be called the River of Lethe, or Oblivion. Now called el Lima, in Por-tugal, running weftward into the Atlantic, to the fouth of the Minho.

BELITRA. See VELITRA.
BELLOCASSES. See VELLOCASSES.
BELLONAE TEMPLUM, a very an-
cient temple of Bellona, in Coma-
na, an inland town of Pontus,
deemed fo facred that the priest was
next in honour and power to the
king, Hirtius; mentioned alfo by
Val. Flaccus.
BELLOVACI, Caefar, Hirtius; a people
of Belgica, reckoned the braveft of
the Belgae. Now the Beauvaifis, in
the Isle of France.

BELO. See BAELO.
BELSINUM, Ptolemy; a town of the

Hither Spain, thought to be the fame with the Balfio of the Itinerary. BELUNUM, Ptolemy, Pliny; a town of Rhaetia, above Feltria, in the territory of the Veneti. It appears to be also called Berunum, and hence the gentilitious name Berunenfes, Pliny, Infcription; probably the fame with Belunenfes. Now called Beluno, in the territory of Venice, capital of the Belunefe. E. Long. 12° 40', Lat. 46° 20' BELUS, Pliny; or Beleus, Jofephus; a fmall river of Galilee, at the dif tance of two ftadia from Ptolemais, running from the foot of mount Carmel, out of the lake Cendevia, Pliny, Jofephus, Coin. Jofephus adds, that near it is a round hollow or valley, which yields a fand fit for making glafs; and though exported in great quantities, is however inexhaustible: Strabo fays, the whole of the coaft extending from Tyre to Ptolemais has a fand fit for glafs; but that the fand of the rivulet Belus, and its adjacency, is a better fort. And here the making of glass was firft difcovered, Pliny. BEMBINA, See NEMEA.

BEMEINADIA,

BEMMARIS, a town of Syria, Itinerary; above Zeugma, on the Euphrates: but on which fide doubtful; that is, whether in Syria or in Mefopotamia

BENA, a town of Crete, fubject to Gortyna,

Gortyna, the native place of Rhianus the poet, Stephanus. Benaeus the gentilitious name, id.

BISACUS LACUS, a lake of Italy, in the territory of Verona, through which the Mincius runs into the Po, Virgil, Pliny; the inhabitants on the lake are called Benacenfes, Infcriptions: now il Lago di Garda. HENAMERIUM, a hamlet of Arabia Petraea, in the territory of Moab, to the north of Zoar, Jerome; the Nemrim of Ifaiah and Jeremiah. BENDEN A, or Bendina, a town of Africa Propria, on the weft bank of the Bagrada, to the fouth of Tucca, Ptolemy. E. Long. 14° 30', Lat. 19° 20°.

BESE-BERAK. See BNE BARAK. BEYEHARNUM, or Beneharnus, a town of Aquitania; doubtful whether belonging to the ancient geography or no, not the leaft mention being made of it, before the Itinerary, called Antonine's, or Aethicus's: It lies at the foot of the Pyrenees. LITE JAAKAN, one of the encampments of the Ifraelites, after their departure from Moseroth, Moses. BESEVENTUM, a town of the Samsites, on the confluence of the Sabatus and Calor; formerly called Male-ventum, from the unwholefomnefs of the wind, and under that appellation it is mentioned by Livy but after that a Roman colony was led thither, in the year of the city four hundred and eightyfive, before the first Punic war, Velleius; it came to have the name Beneventum, as a more aufpicious name, Pliny; it is mentioned by Horace, as an ancient city, faid to be built by Diomedes, at the time of the war of Troy, Solinus. The colony was encreafed and renewed by Auguftus, Infcription. Beneventani the gentilitious name, Livy; Beneventanus the epithet, id. Of this place was Orbilius, the famous grammarian, and the cotemporary of Cicero, Suetonius; who fays he lived to an hundred years, and at last lost his memory; recorded by Horace for a flogger; his feverity to his scholars is alfo mentioned by Suetonius. Now Benevento,the capital of the Principato Ultra, in the kingdom of Naples, at the con

fluence of the rivers Solato and Colore. E. Long. 15° 30', Lat. 41o 15'. BEN-HINNOM, a valley in the fuburbs, and to the east of Jerufalem, either a part of, or conjoined with the valley of Kidron, Joshua; infamous. for facrificing children, or paffing them through the fire. The place in the valley, where the idol ftood, to which the facrifice was made, was called Tophet, 2 Kings xxiii. 10. Jer. vii. 31, 32; and xix. 2; from beating drums or tabours, to drown the cries or fhrieks of the children; called alfo Geennon, or the Valley of Ennon; and hence fome derive Gehenna, the place of future punish. ment, Jerome.

BENJAMIN, one of the tribes of Ifrael; whose lot was fuch, as to have Judah to the fouth, Ephraim to the north, and to lie in the middle between both; on the weft a tract extending from the Lower Bethoron, to Kirjathjearim, a city of Judah; and Jordan on the east, Jofhua xviii.

BENNAVENTA, or Bennavenna, Antonine; a town of Britain, on the Aufona Major, or the Antona of Tacitus; fuppofed to be Northampton on the Nen; Camden fays it is Wedon, a village fix miles to the weft of Northampton.

BENNICA REGIO, a district of Thrace, towards mount Haemus and the Egean Sea, Ptolemy.

BENUSIA. See VENUSIA.

BER, or Bera, an obfcure town of Judea, Judges, thus defcribed by Jerome, a village eight miles to the north of Eleutheropolis, whither Abimelech fled from Jotham. BERECYNTHUS, a mountain of Crete, in the territory of Aptera; where the Idaei Dactyli, a people of Crete, are faid to have found the use of fire, and the nature and preparation of brafs and iron, Diodorus Siculus.

BERECYNTIUS TRACTUS, a diftrict near the Maeander, in Phrygia Magna, Pliny.

BERECYNTUs, a mountain of Phrygia Magna,facred to Cybele, the mother of the gods, hence furnamed Ierecyntia, Vibius Sequefter, and without an afpirate in the last fyllaR

ble,

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