De contrarotulatore.1

The Countrollour shalle wryte to hym,
Taunt resceu, no more I myn;

And taunt dispendu þat same day, 544 Vncountabulle he is, as y 3ou say.

De superuisore.2

¶ Surueour and stuarde also,

Thes thre folke and no mo,

For not resayuen bot euer sene

548 pat noþyng fayle and alle be whene;
pat po clerke of kechyn schulde not mys,
per-fore po countrollour, as hafe I blys,
Wrytes vp po somme as euery day,
552 And helpes to count, as I 30u say.

De Clerico coquine.3

Of the Controller.

He puts down the

residue and consumption of every day.

Of the Surveyor.

He, the steward, and controller, receive nothing, but see that all goes straight.

The Controller checks daily the Clerk of the kitchen's account.

Of the Clerk of the
Kitchen.

The clerke of pe cochyň shalle alle þyng breue, He shall keep ac

Of men of court, bothe lothe and leue, Of achatis and dispenses pen wrytes he, 556 And wages for gromes and zemen fre ;

At dressour also he shalle stonde,

And fett forthe mete dresset with honde; he spicery and store with hym shalle dwelle, 560 And mony thynges als, as I nozt telle, For clethyng of officers alle in fere, Saue pe lorde hym self and ladys dere.

De cancellario.1

¶ The chaunceler answeres for hor clothyng, 564 For 3omen, faukeners, and hor horsyng,

See the "Countroller of this houshold royall,' H. Ord. p. 58-9. * See the duties and allowances of A Surveyour for the Kyng, in Household Ordinances, p. 37.

3 See the chyef clerke of kychyn,' t. Edw. IV., H. Ord. p. 70; and Henry VIII.'s Clerke of the Kitchen, A.D. 1539, ib. p. 235.

4 The duties of the Chauncellor of Englond are not stated in Edw. IV.'s Liber Niger, H. Ord. p. 29; but one of the two Clerkys of Grene-Clothe was accustomed to 'delyver the clothinge of housholde' p. 61.

count of all

purchases, and payments, and wages,

shall preside at the Dresser,

and keep the spices, stores, &c.,

and the clothes of the officers.

Of the Chancellor.

He looks after the servants' clothes, and horses,

For his wardrop and wages also ;
And asseles patentis mony and mo;
Yf po lorde gyf o3t to terme of lyf,

568 The chaunceler hit seles with-outen stryf;

Tan come nos plerra men seyne, þer is quando nobis placet,

hat is, whille vs lykes hym no3t omys;

Ouer-se hys londes pat alle be ryzt:

572 On of po grete he is of myzt.

De thesaurizario.'

Now speke y wylle of tresurere,
Husbonde and houswyf he is in fere;
Of pe resayuer he shalle resayue,

576 Alle pat is gedurt of baylé and grayue,2
Of pe lordes courtes and forfetis als,
Wheper pay ben ry3t or pay ben fals.

To po clerke of cochen he payes moné
580 For vetayle to bye opon po countré:
The clerke to kater and pulter is,

To baker and butler bothe y-wys
Gyffys seluer to bye in alle thyng

584 pat longes to here office, with-outen lesyng.
be tresurer schalle gyfe alkyn wage,
To squyer, 30mon, grome, or page.
po resayuer and po tresurer,

588 po clerke of cochyn and chaunceler,
Grayuis, and baylys, and parker,
Schone come to acountes euery zere
By-fore po auditour of po lorde onone,

592 pat schulde be trew as any stone;
Yf he dose hom no ryzt lele,

To A baron of chekker pay mun hit pele.

1 See the "Thesaurere of Housholde' in Edw. IV.'s Liber Niger, H. Ord. p. 56-8: 'the grete charge of polycy and husbandry of all this houshold growyth and stondyth moste part by hys sad and dylygent pourveyaunce and conduytes.'

2 AS. gerefa, reeve, steward, bailiff.

De receptore firmarum.

Of pe resayuer speke wylle I, 596 pat fermys' resayuys wytturly

Of grayuys, and hom aquetons makes,
Sex pons per-fore to feys he takes,
And pays feys to parkers als I-wys,
600 per-of at acountes he loued2 is,

And ouer-seys castels, maners a-boute,
bat nozt falle with-in ne with-oute.
Now let we þes officers be,

604 And telle we wylle of smaller mené.

De Auenario.3

Of the Receiver of
Rents.

He gives receipts,

and gets a fee of

6d.

He pays fees to park-keepers, and looks after castles and manorhouses.

Of the Avener.

The Aueyner schalle ordeyn prouande good won, He shall give the

For po lordys horsis euerychon;

bay schyn haue two cast of hay,

608 A pek of prouande on a day;

Euery horse schalle so muche haue,

At racke and manger pat standes with stane.
A maystur of horsys a squyer per is,

612 Aueyner and ferour vndur hym I-wys;
pose 30men pat olde sadels schyn haue,
þat schyn be last for kny3t and knaue,
For yche a hors pat ferroure7 schalle scho,
616 An halpeny on day he takes hym to;

1 Rents, in kind or money; AS. feorme, food, goods. 2 Or loned.

The Avener of Edw. IV. is mentioned in H. Ord. p. 69. See the Charge of Henry VIII.'s Stable, A.D. 1526, ib. p. 206-7.

4 Prouender or menglid corne-fovrraige.. provende. Palsgrave. 5 See 'two cast of brede,' 1. 631. 'One caste of brede' for the Steward's yeoman, H. Ord. p. 56, &c.

Mayster of the horses-escvier de escvirie. Palsg.

'See Rogers's Agriculture and Prices in England, v. 1, p. 280-1. The latest prices he gives for shoeing are in 1400; "Alton Barnes, Shoeing 5 horses, a year, 6s. 8d. Takley, Shoeing 2 cart horses [a year] 1s. 8d." A.D. 1466, 'fore shoyinge ij.d.' Manners and Household Expenses (ed. Dawson Turner), 1841, p. 380. (Sir Jn. Howard, Knt., 1462-9.) The Percy allowance in 1512 was "ij s.

horses in the
stable

two armsful of

hay and a peck of

oats, daily.

A Squire is Master of the Horse; under him are Avener and Farrier,

(the Farrier has

a halfpenny a day for every horse he shoes,)

and grooms and pages hired

at 2d. a day,

or 3 farthings, [Fol. 23.]

and footmen who

run by ladies'

bridles.

Of the Baker.

Out of a London bushel he shall bake 20 loaves,

fine and coarse.

Of the Huntsman and his Hounds.

He gets a halfpenny a day for every hound.

The Feuterer 2

lots of bread if he has 2 leash of Greyhounds, and a bone for each,

besides perquisites of skins, &c.

Vndur ben gromes and pages mony one,
bat ben at wage euerychone;

Som at two pons on a day,

620 And som at iij ob., I 30u say ;

Mony of hem fote-men per ben,

bat rennen by pe brydels of ladys shene.

De pistore.

Of po baker now speke y wylle,

624 And wat longes his office vntylle;
Of a lunden buschelle he shalle bake

xx louys, I vndur-take;

Manchet and chet to make brom 2 bred hard, 628 For chaundeler and grehoundes and huntes

reward.

¶ De venatore et suis canibus.

A halpeny po hunte takes on pe day
For euery hounde, po sothe to say:

ho vewter, two cast of brede he tase,
632 Two lesshe of grehoundes yf þat he hase;
To yche a bone, pat is to telle,

If I to 3ou pe sothe shalle spelle ;
By-syde hys vantage þat may be-falle,
636 Of skynnes and oper thynges with-alle,
hat hunteres con telle better pan I,
per-fore I leue hit wytt[ur]ly.

viiij d. every Hors Shoynge for the hole Yere by estimacion, Viz. a
Hors to be shodd oons in iij moneths withowt they jornay." p. 24.
A horse's daily allowance was 'a Peck of Oats, or 4d. in Breade
after iiij Loiffes, 4d. for Provaunder, from 29th Septr. 8 Hen. VIII.
to 3rd May following,' p. 266.

1 See Edw. IV.'s Office of Bakehouse, H. Ord. p. 68-70. The sergeaunt of thys office to make continually of every busshell, halfe chiete halfe rounde, besydes the flowre for the Kinges mouthe, xxvii loves, every one weying, after one daye olde, xxiii ounces of troye weyghtes.' p. 69.

2 Read broun, brown.

¶ De aquario.

¶ And speke I wylle of oper mystere

640 pat falles to court, as 3e mun here;
An euwere in halle pere nedys to be,
And chandelew schalle haue and alle napere;
He schalle gef water to gentilmen,

644 And als in alle zomen.

¶ Qui debent manus lauare et in quorum domibus.

¶ In kynges court and dukes also,

ber 30men schynne wasshe and no mo;— In duke Ionys house a 30man þer was, 648 For his rewarde prayde suche a grace; be duke gete graunt þer-of in londe, Of pe kyng his fader, I vndudurstonde.-(so) Wosoeuer gefes water in lordys chaunber,

652 In presens of lorde or leuedé dere,

He schalle knele downe opon his kne,
Ellys he forzetes his curtasé;

pis euwer schalle hele his lordes borde,
656 With dowbulle napere at on bare worde:
The seluage to po lordes syde with-inne,
And doun schalle heng pat opþer may wynne;
bo ouer nape schalle dowbulle be layde,
660 To po vttur syde pe seluage brade;

po ouer seluage he schalle replye,2
As towelle hit were fayrest in hye;
Browers3 he schalle cast per-opon,

664 pat pe lorde schulle clense his fyngers [on],
be leuedy and whoseuer syttes with-inne,
Alle browers schynne haue bothe more and myñ.

In Edward the Fourth's Court, 'Knyghts of Household, XII, bachelers sufficiant, and most valient men of that ordre of every countrey' had to serve the King of his bason.' H. Ord. p. 33.

2 Replier, To redouble, to bow, fould, or plait into many doublings. Cotgrave.

3 Napkins? O. Fr. brueroi is bruyère, heath.

Of the Ewerer or
Water-bringer.

He has all the candles and cloths,

and gives water to every one.

Who may wash his hands, and where.

The bringer of
Water

shall kneel down.

The Ewerer shall cover the lord's table with a

double cloth, the lower with the selvage to the lord's side; the upper cloth shall be laid double,

the upper selvage turned back as if for a towel.

He shall put on cleaners for every one.