manifests this; for who else would have brought it forward as a complaint against a Clergyman, that, through his zeal and diligence it was declared, in the Articles of the Irish Church, that the first day of the week, which is the Lord's day, is wholly to be dedicated to the service of God?" And that Dr. Bounde did not "design to lessen, by degrees, the reputation of the antient festivals" in any sense of which a Protestant divine ought to complain, I beg to cite a passage or two from a work of his, which is at this time preparing for republication, entitled "The Unbelief of St. Thomas the Apostle laid open, for the comfort of all that desire to believe." From these it will appear that he maintained the due observance of the Saints' days, aud only impugued the papistical mode of observing them, and the abuses and superstitions of that Church. "We are to reverence and highly esteem the godly wisdom of those holy Fathers who did first appoint those days to be kept. For they did it to the honour of God; and therefore would have all men know, what the Saints were of themselves, and what they were by the grace of God; and so not so much honour them, as praise God for them. "The Papists did not so: for, besides that they had a great number of counterfeit Saints in their Calendar, whose names were not written in the Book of Life (some of them traitors, and others as ill, or worse than they) upon their festival- days they caused to be read a story of their lives, full of all virtues, and miracles that they wrought, some in their life, some after their death, whereof most were fained, and some of them most absurd. And thus they made them to be Gods upon the earth, not making mention of any fault of theirs at any time. "But we see how the Scriptures set out the true Saints of God after another manner; not only in their miracles and virtues, but in their greatest corruptions and sins that we knowing what they were of themselves, and what they are by the mercy of God, and the grace of Christ, the poorest sinners might be comforted in themselves by the one, and give thanks to God for the other. Seeing that there is no sin in themselves, which they have not seen pardoned and cured in some of the Saints or other nor any grace wanting to themselves, which by that experience of God's goodness which they have seen : in others they might not hope for in themselves in some measure." Another position of Dr. Bounde's censured by Dr. Heylin is, that "there is great reason why Christians should take themselves as strictly bound to rest upon the Lord's day as the Jews were upon their Sabbath, it being one of the moral commandments, where all are of equal authority." But until Dr. H. can go further, and assert that the Lord's day was to be observ ed with a Jewish rigour, according to the tenets of Dr. Bounde, the ac cusation recoils on himself; for that which he ascribes as a kind of heresy to Dr. Bounde, is the principle maintained by every serious Christian of the English Church at this day. Dr. Heylin, who lived in very different days, even such in which "the Book of Sports" could receive countenance from men (like himself) of acknowledged piety, as tending to keep within certain bounds that to which evil custom had given a very loose rein, seems to have imputed puritanical tenets to Dr. Bounde with but little reason, unless his "Doctrine of the Sabbath plainly laid down" (which I have not yet had an opportunity of perusing) differs widely from 'his other works. rupt Laws, of which he so sorely complains. But, Mr. Urban, I cannot imagine how any one can venture to propose the adoption of his own theories about so important an affair as every general Law must be, without having well considered the subject he under takes to canvass and review; and I think it will evidently appear that W. M. H. (in his examination of this matter) has overlooked one of the most important Statutes relating to the Bankrupt Laws; for the 3rd and 7th Sections of the 49th Geo. III. Chap. 121, were enacted for the express purpose of obviating the difficulties started by W. M. H. And they have very properly empowered the Creditors of a Bankrupt (who are the only persons, except the Insolvent, that are interested in the due application of the Funds) to compel the Assignees to deposit the moneys they collect, in any way which the Creditors themselves shall judge safe, and as will be most beneficial for the estate. To save your Readers the trouble of referring to the Statute, I will, with your permission, quote the enacting part of the Sections at length, which I allude to. "Be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that, from and after the passing of this act, if in any case the major part of the Creditors of any Bankrupt shall not, before they shall proceed to the choice of Assignees of the Bankrupt's Estate, direct in what manner, how, and with whom, and where the moneys arising from the Bankrupt's Estate shall be paid in and remain in pursuance of the power given to them by the said recited Act*, it shall be lawful for the Commissioners, or the major part of them, and they are hereby required immediately after the Commissioners shall have proceeded to the choice of Assignees, and at the same meeting, to direct in what manner, how, and with whom, and where the moneys arising by and to be received from time to time out of the Bankrupt's Estate shall be paid in and remain until the same shall be divided amongst the Creditors, as by the said recited Act is directed, to which rule and direction the Assignee or Assignees of the Bankrupt's Estate shall conform as often as one hundred pounds shall be got in and received from such Bank This refers to a former Act, the powers of which were deemed not sufficiently extensive to protect Bankruptcy Funds. rupt's Estate, and shall be, and are hereby indemnifed for what they shall do in pursuance of such directions of the said Commissioners as aforesaid; proCommissioners to direct such moneys to vided that it shall not be lawful for the be paid into the hands of the said Commissioners, or into any Banking-house, or other house of trade or business in which the Commissioners, or any of them, or the Solicitor to the Commis sion, are or is interested or concerned as a partner or partners, or otherwise. "Provided always, and be it enacted that it shall be lawful for the Commissioners, upon the application of the A signees, or of any five or more of the Creditors who have proved their debts under the Commission, on notice given to tion, when and as often as it shall ap the Assignees of such intended applica pear to the said Commissioners expedi effects of any bankrupt that the money so paid in to any person or persons ai aforesaid, for the purpose of being di vided amongst the Creditors, or any money retained to answer any claim which may have been duly entered upon the proceedings under the said Bank ruptcy, or any Dividends ordered to be retained by the Assignees, should be laid out at interest, to order and direct that the whole or any part of such money shall be invested in the purchase of Exchequer Bills for the benefit of such Creditors and Claimants, and to direct where and with whom such Exchequer Bills shall be kept for safe custody, and to cause such Exchequer Bills to be sold when it shall appear to them necessary and proper, and to direct the proceeds thereof to be again laid out in the purchase of Exchequer Bills, or to be applied for the benefit of the Creditors and Claimants according to their several interests, as to the said Commissioners shall seem meet, subject nevertheless to the authority and controul of the Lord Chancellor, Lord Keeper, or Lords Commissioners for the Custody of the Great Seal." ent and beneficial to the estate and The plan adopted by this Statute must certainly be preferable to the one proposed by W. M. H. as it avoids the expence which would attend the institution of an establishment of Treasurers for Bankrupts' Effects; and I trust W. M. H. will, after pe rusing the above Sections, be satis fied that the Creditors may, if they please, prevent "the Will of a Directing Attorney" in these matters being improperly gratified, and at the expence of the estate. RICHARD ROE. Mr. Mr. URBAN, A April 19. CORRESPONDENT of yours some time since enquired the cause of the Delay in Chancery Proceedings; and mentioned that the Lord Chancellor had observed it was not occasioned by his Lordship. This is most strictly true; and no greater proof can be adduced than his desire to prevent such delay by his wise and prudent establishment of a Vice Chancellor as an assistant. Like all other new institutions at first, it has its inconveniences; but, when the mode of proceeding comes to be properly established, and the Court, which is now building, properly finished, there is not the smallest doubt but it will be of the most essential benefit to the suitors of the Court of Chancery. I was extremely concerned so enlightened men as Sir Samuel Romilly and Mr. Leach should oppose in Parliament such an excellent additional Judge in the Court of Chancery. I have been well assured by a very intelligent man, who now holds a situation in an office belonging to that Court, that (during his time, about thirty years) the Proceedings in the Court have increased at least one third; and yet there are only the same number of Masters in Chancery and Registrars of the Court, with only the same number of Clerks to assist. Can the delays in the business of the Court be wondered at?-If you will indulge me with a few pages, I will not only point out the causes of delay in the proceedings there, but also venture to suggest (or at least point out) some plan for their removal. VINER. Letter from AMICUS to TYRO, recommended to the perusal of all Young Adventurers in the Seafaring line of life. Mr. URBAN, June 4. descension and real goodness of heart! Let me hope, by your means, to extend and to perpetuate the judicious observations of the Writer, who kindly imposed upon himself this voluntary task, amidst all his important concerns and engagements, on the very point of renewing his labours and his dangers through the trackless deep, and under all the hurry and distress of repeating a long adieu to his own family and friends :-and this too, solely from the motives of benevolence and zeal on behalf of a young shipmate whom he may never see again! A plain and short statement of the fact is all that I can allow myself to offer, as I should commit an unreasonable trespass on your valuable pages, were I to express more fully my own grateful admiration of the Writer's kindness to my son Tyro, who is now homeward-bound on his second voyage, while his generous and disinterested friend (God bless him!) is, I believe, in command of an outward-bound ship: he has been induced to permit your publication of the letter, on my promising to substitute fictitious names, as the effect may be equally useful, without offending the delicacy of modest merit. AN OLD CORRESPONDENT. The Letter is as follows: As my expectations were in some measure raised respecting another voyage with you in the Company's service, so are they now lowered in the same degree, and end in disappointment, by your different destination at a later period: this, I grant, is rather a selfish mode of thinking, as I seem to wish to deprive your friends of your society after so short a residence among them; but I will gloss over the selfish part by observing that young people, whose destination is ought THERE is so much good sense early part of their profe not, in the W ing Letter from an experienced Officer in the service of the Hon. East India Company, to one of their young Midshipmen, that I have been tempted to copy it for the benefit of others, as well as for the purpose of exhibiting, to your Readers in general, a very striking instance of liberal con *The Court was opened for business for the first time on the 4th of July. EDIT. suits, to stay too long on shore: but perhaps it will be for the best-that, by sailing under different Officers, who must in some way or other have duty of a ship, and by comparing a different method of carrying on the their points of difference, you may be the better enabled to form your own judgment (which I would always advise you to place a proper reliance on) and then to adopt that method method which you conceive to be the best; nor should you hastily with draw it. I am not aware what your present intentions may be; but, should you continue in your first ship, I should be happy to hear from you on your arrival at Bombay, if an opportunity should offer of a ship going to St. Helena. Although I Although I think that you are better grounded in the A. B. C. of Navigation than any person on his first voyage I ever knew, yet so far is that from admitting a relaxation of study, that, on the contrary, it ought to stimulate your exertions in acquiring the science, and thereby enable you to keep up that difference and distance which you have at present obtained. I have great confidence that you will not disappoint my expectations in this respect; especially if you should sail with those officers who shall be as willing to instruct as you are to learn. There are some treatises on seamanhip which I think you should add to your books: amongst others I would recommend that of Nicholson; there is in it much to be learned with due attention: a young man with your excellent education will perhaps freLism and modes of expression; but quently indulge a smile at his ego you must recollect that he was a man self-taught, and that his ideas were formed upon a practice of many years. Time, no doubt, has produced many improvements; but, as I before observed, this will form a case in which you are to exercise your own judgment, in addition to the examples given by your superior officers. Let me advise you always to have a small set of charts on which you may mark out the progress of each day: there is no necessity for your going to much expence for them: Captain Horsburg has published lately (I think, in three sheets, it may be four or six, viz. one, North Atlantic; two, South Atlantics and three, Indian Ocean th ), price of which I believe is 248.; and these will be quite sufficient for your purpose: they will, at the same time, give you an idea of your progress, and of the direction in which you wish to proceed. You will, of course, begin, this next voyage, to turn your attention to the Lunar Observations. Be not discouraged at any difficulties which may arise on your first trials; perseverance will soon level them: and at the same time always work your own sights; and begin with Mendoza Rio's method; it is by far the best, and practice will make it equally plain with any other more roundabout method. The Chronometer you must work also; do not hesitate to ask for it, even though the granting of your request should be considered a favour. I shall expect all this when we meet. I cannot make you more sensible of the interest which I take in your success than by writing you so long a letter, for I dislike letterwriting generally; but my mind was in the subject, and my pen has made greater progress than I was aware of: I will now bid you adieu! If, when you receive this, which I have transmitted through the hands of our good and kind friend at the East India House, you feel an inclination to reply, I shall be happy to hear from you through the same trusty hands; but do not write unless you feel that sort of disposition which would really incline you to write to any friend who takes an equal interest with myself in your future welfare! AMICUS. Mr. URBAN, April 26. Arish cannon, and (glorious Sa British Noble, British Heroes, boast!) hundreds of Christian slaves liberated by them, have lately rendered Algiers a popular subject to British people; one whose Parnassian flights and humble prose efforts have been graciously and several times retleman's Magazine, hopes for pardon ceived by her old favourite, the Gennotice, and presents a few remarks on when she presumes again to obtain this barbarous city, made in the year 1740, by a Midshipman, then only journey through the Isle of Wight, a 17 years of age; the same whose few years after, was not long since honoured with a place in the abovenamed valuable repository. The youthful son of Neptune says: "We left Port Mahon on the 16th, and arrived at Algiers on the 19th of April. Several of the Barbarians who had been in London. This man came on board, and one civil Janisary shore, but even refused his gratuity. was not only my faithful guard on calling me his son, and sparing no pains to divert me. Scarce had we * See vol. LXXXVI. i. p. 25, 108. walked walked a quarter of a milé, before be beat a company of Jews for that purpose; and stood in amaze at my begging him to desist, thinking, I suppose, that all who are called Christians abhor the Jews; but, instead of that, I felt a sudden good-will towards them. "The trafficking parts of this crowded city would have been impassable, so many hands were catching at me, had not the Janisary beat them off. This made me glad of a quieter place, and occasioned my stepping by mistake into a Mosque, where several men seemed at prayers: every head was uncovered, and I think shaved, except a single lock of hair; but I had no time for observation: my guide, in a violent hurry, pulling me back, and saying, had I gone another step, he could not have hindered the Religious from killing me! I found the day scarce long enough to view the city and suburbs; yet suppose I left nothing of consequence unobserved, except a tomb where six or seven of their Kings or Beys who were murdered in one day, lie buried together. I saw their present Bey, or Dey, who sat in an open place, I think on the ground, with a very few guards, and dressed like a common Algerine. Long has this city been dignified with the title of Algiers the warlike; and well it answers to that name: for, besides their perpetual war with several European Powers, and receiving a sort of tribute from others, the very cannon upon their walls, which mostly face the sea, have a very uncommon threatening aspect. Some are made with but one touch-hole, and several bores; one in particular with no less than nine! They have also stone shot of too vast a bulk for any cannon or mortar; neither know I with what engine they could throw them. Almost all their guns are brass, and of a wonderful length. I found the bore of one in the round tower to be sixteen inches diameter. What a ball must this carry, unless trumpet-bored! Yet was not this the largest; for I saw one hooped round with iron because of its age, out of which the furious Algerines fired a French consul, in the siege of this city, by the command, I think, of their famous Barbarossa, when the Emperor Charles the Fifth sent a GENT. MAG. Suppl. LXXXVII. PART I. D vast fleet against it from most parts of Europe. The very elements fought against this Emperor, so that he could not prevail; and no wonder, as he persecuted the Protestant Religion in his own dominions. Nothing affected me so much as their place of execution, which I suppose to be one of the most melancholy scenes upon earth! It is a kind of double castle, with a lofty wall stretching East and West, at the Southern verge of the city. We first went through a large gate, which is all that cements the two seeming Castles; and then over a bridge, to the country side of the Castle ditch, or dry moat, which is very deep, wide, and rocky. Scarce could I take any notice of a caravan which at this time arrived from the deserts, my whole attention being fixed on the deadly walls. They curve a little inward at the top, and have a row of huge tenter-hooks about three yards down. These are to catch the criminal, who is rolled off the wall; but, if he should miss the destined hooks, there are iron spikes on the ground to receive him, if I mistake not and should he escape even these, the rocky bottom would probably dispatch him! It is natural to suppose they are first beheaded, or strangled, and then rolled down to expose their dead bodies: but I was assured of the contrary; my guide also saying, I might see one rolled off alive next day! The walls have several perpendicular slits of a great length, all filled up with men's heads, regularly set upon one another! The top and front of the gate are also crowded with the mouldering heads of Arabs, Blacks, and Moors, whose ghastly visages front the spectator. Every vacant space being thus filled, I could no where see through, nor guess to what height the earth is raised within; but a great many skulls, I believe some thousands, being piled up together, appear like hillocks above the walls!I returned very thoughtful to the ship." I have thus, Mr. Urban, given you a specimen of Algerine horrors! Much more, you will perhaps think, than suits a female pen. Hoping the outcasts of society above mentioned have learned a lesson they will not soon forget, and with I fear too small a shate |
