would find that the moral sentiment has been | free themselves from their tyranny, even awakened in their souls, that they feel themselves accountable to the Great Father of all, and that they whose fathers trembled at the Fetich and adored the Devil, now bow at the name of Christ, and adore the Lord of heaven and earth with a simplicity, and an earnestness of faith, which no philosophy can teach. We claim not that we or our fathers have done for them all that we ought-we acknowledge that more, far more might and should have been done; but this is something not wholly without value, and this, God in His providence hath wrought for them and this and more more which a few favored ones have gained they are now bearing back to throw a little light on their native Africa, still sitting in darkness and in the shadow of death.

Many years ago a faint light appeared in the dark sky which had hitherto overshadowed this devoted race-a light which we hoped would prove the dawn of a quick-rising and brilliant day. An influence silent, irresistible, coming like the wind of heaven we knew not whence, stirred many hearts and awakened many noble minds at the south to the great work of the south, the work which it has yet to do the instruction and fuller evangelization of those whom God has committed to their keeping. Suddenly, plantation schools were established for children and adults, and plantation chapels erected where instruction should be given better adapted to their untutored minds than the church services on which they had been accustomed to depend. You, noble ladies, who know how slowly the wisest reforms win general consent even in enlightened England, will readily understand how much difficulty the pioneers in this noble work had to encounter; but they went on undismayed, and God seemed to be with them. He was with them, for the good seed then sown has never been wholly uprooted; but, alas! the enemy was active too, and sowed tares with the wheat.

While slowly, but surely, the strongest prejudices were giving way before the quiet but steady onset of truth, at the south in the northern part of our land there arose an association of men, to whom I will allude no farther than to say that, by publishing works of the most inflammatory character, addressing the planters of the south with the bitterest denunciation, and calling on their slaves to

though they should do it by the infliction of
horrors on which I will not dwell; and by
sending these publications to those by whom
they supposed their contents would be com-
municated to the slaves, they deeply injured
the cause they sought to serve.
The pam-
phlets were sent to free blacks in the city of
Savannah, preachers of the gospel of peace.
Deeply shocked themselves at their contents,
they placed them in the hands of the city
council, by which they were forwarded to the
state legislature then holding its annual ses-
sion. The result was the law forbidding, on
penalty of a heavy fine and imprisonment,
that the blacks be taught to read or write
an unwise law as we believe, but scarcely
unnatural under these circumstances.

The true friends of the slave were grieved but not despairing, cast down but not destroyed. The law, which they felt themselves bound to obey, made the task of enlightening the darkened minds around them far more difficult, but still by no means impracticable. To teach the slaves to read, and place Bibles in their hands would have been an easy thing compared with becoming themselves the media through which all acquaintance with that sacred word must be obtained. But they shrank not from this difficult task. "Men of thought, and men of action," women of cultivation and refinement, who were fitted to enjoy and to adorn society, re-modelled their plans of life, feeling that whatever else was neglected, this must be done. From the schools, which were still continued, some of the books that had been in use vanished, but the Bible remained, and so interesting did the viva voce lessons become that we doubt whether many of the pupils were conscious of the change in the mode of teaching. This change was not the greatest evil resulting from the apprehension in which the law had originated. The influence which the friends of the slave were acquiring over public sentiment, the waking up of dormant consciences under the silent rebuke of their example, was checked. People cried, "See the effect of innovation!" and returned contentedly to their long sleep.

I may not hope, in the short space of such an article as this, to convey any just idea of the persevering efforts for the advancement of the slave made by this devoted band of Christian men and women at the south. They have borne obloquy and contempt from men because they would not set all human law at defiance, or yield the judgments formed on the sure basis of experience to the wild schemes of the theorist. For this obloquy and contempt, as far as it regarded themselves only, they have cared little. It was a light thing to them to be judged of man's judgment. On the panoply of the Christian hero, the shafts

testifies that her husband does not live with her, having leased" himself to another woman-I use the language of the report. Further investigation ensues and a lease, of this, I trust, singular character, is actually introduced into court and sworn to as having been drawn up by a lawyer whose name is given, and who, it is asserted received for it

of ridicule, and the heavier blows of hate fall alike harmless. But that which was of little importance to them personally, has been felt as a grievous ill for its influence on the cause to which they had devoted themselves. Every unjust accusation, every bitter and insulting word uttered against the south, in England, or in the Northern United States, has tended to harden the hearts they were seeking to a fee of 11. 15s. soften, and to add to the prejudices which But surely it needs neither repeated exampresent an insuperable barrier to the attain-ples nor elaborate argument to prove that even iment of their heart's desire and prayer the in a far more refined condition than that of elevation and gradual emancipation of the the plantation slave, the influence of Christian slave. principle is needed to make marriage what God intended it should be.

Think not that I have exaggerated the interest or the action of the south on this sub

ject. I have, indeed, not told you the half. Were it not my design to confine myself strictly to the subjects of your letter, I could prove to you by well-authenticated statistics that the south, in proportion to its wealth and population, has given more, and done more for the cause of African emancipation than England and the Northern United States combined. And against the examples of individual debasement and cruelty, so industriously sought out by our enemies, I might set examples of such self-devotion as would compel the admiration of the world, and cast your own noble Wilberforce and Clarkson into the shade. I could show you delicately-nurtured and accomplished women and men of education, who have not only liberated their slaves, and sent them at their own expense to Africa, but, having thus given to the good cause all they had, have added to that gift themselves having accompanied their people, shared their dangers, and labored now for nearly thirty years, as African missionaries.

But you accuse us-woe to us if you accuse us justly!-of having fostered this disregard in the slave by showing little respect ourselves to his family ties. We have been represented to the world as tearing without remorse the wife from the husband, the mother from the child. This has been so often asserted-it has gone forth to the world endorsed by names so fair and so generally reliable-that we can scarcely hope to be be lieved when we affirm that such cruelty would be met by as fierce an indignation, as unmitigated an abhorrence, in the Southern United States as in any part of the world; that the scenes depicted in the well-woven fiction, which has not only aroused the sympathy and excited the compassion of thousands, but has given impulse to a course of action that threatens to excite national resentment, sunder national amity, and thus, it may be, to change the political aspects of the world, if they have ever occurred, are but the few and rare exceptions in the history of slavery here - proofs of individual, not of national guilt.

As I think of the unheeding ears and the unbelieving hearts I am addressing, I am ready to throw aside my pen, and to sit down, as most of my countrymen and countrywomen seem disposed to do, in sullen or haughty quietude. But this is not the spirit of the Christian, not the spirit in which I commenced this reply; and, difficult as it is, I will with God's help speak the truth, and speak it in love, even though conscious that I speak it to those who are not likely to credit my assertions.

But I turn to another and not less interesting subject, against which you have expressed yourself with faithful, and I am ready to believe not unchristian rebuke - the relation of marriage among the slaves, and the little regard which their family ties obtain among those who are the rulers of their earthly destinies. For the slight consideration which the slaves themselves attach to the sacred relation of marriage, I can only say that they are in this little, if any, worse than the ignorant in even your own favored land. To multiply proof of this from your own police First, then, after an acquaintance of more reports would be easy, if it were not uselessly than thirty years with slavery as it exists in occupying both your time and mine. One in- Georgia and South Carolina, I can solemnly stance is placed before me even as I write, to aver that I never saw that monster- a slavewhich I refer, not because of its greater appo-trader -never heard him named but with siteness to my purpose, but simply because it abhorrence, and do not believe that any is at hand. I derive it from a well-known southern gentleman could be driven by necesAmerican Magazine - Littell's Living Agesity or tempted by gain to have dealings with into which it was copied from an English one in his own person.

paper the Stamford Mercury. It purports Next, I aver that slaves are not regarded to be a report of a trial, occurring before as mere articles of merchandise, valued only magistrates in Birmingham, of a man for an at the number of dollars and cents they may assault upon his wife. The miserable woman bring. Sympathy, kindness is felt for them,

and as a general thing, their owners will resist | England are a race of heartless savages beany temptation and submit to much privation cause on some, even in that glorious land, life before they will permit them to pass into has pressed so heavily-has so crushed out other hands; and when this becomes a neces- heart and hope so darkened reason and sity, it is not to the slave-trader they resort. deadened sensibility, that they have taken the A good slave-by which I mean one who lives of their own children to avoid the cost of bears a good moral character will readily their nurture, or to gain the small sum allowed find a purchaser less to be dreaded, and with for their funeral expenses. a purchaser chosen by the slave himself, the master will generally deal on more accommodating terms than with any other. So decided is public sentiment at the south on this subject, that I do honestly believe even a cruel nature would be held in check by it, and that no man could there remain the associate of gentlemen who was known to have sold a slave of good character to a slave-trader. Slaves of incorrigibly bad character, who, if they were free Englishmen, would probably find their way to Norfolk Island, are sent instead to the auction stand, and sold to the highest bidder, be he slave-trader or not. There are occasions indeed when, under the strong hand of the law, whole plantations are disposed of at" one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God once, yet even then family ties are respected, and he who would purchase a strong man or skilful artisan must often consent to take with aim a feeble wife and helpless children.

I am reminded that I am opposed, in the statements I have here made, not only by the power of genius and the sensibilities it has aroused, but that, even while I write, a volume is on its way across the Atlantic which will give to the impressions thus created, "confirmation strong as proof of Holy Writ." To this, I can only answer, that I have spoken truth, and that truth will abide, let falsehood oppose it as she may.

That over an area of hundreds of thousands of square miles occupied by millions of inhabitants, through the duration of more than a century, instances have occurred of oppressive and cruel abuse of a power limited only by public sentiment and the laws of God as interpreted by His voice within the soul of man, will surprise no one. To suppose that there had not been such instances of abuse, would be to suppose human nature in America had attained an exaltation undreamed of in any other land. But what shall we say of the fairness of that mind which could make these instances, that are but the exceptions, the rule. As truthful would it be to represent the earth as one vast desert, with here and there a green spot to break its desolation -as truthful to represent life in the city where I now write as passing under one dark reign of terror, hate and murder stalking through her streets unchecked, because the police reports of the last week have conveyed to us direful details of fatal brawls and assassination truthful would it be to say that the mothers of

as

Sisters! the world-the whole world— England and America, as well as India and Africa, are full of the habitations of cruelty. God has gifted us with capacities of sympathy, by whose gracious influence we may inspire the colder reason and move the stronger arm of man in the cause of the world's redemption from sin and sorrow - the world's restoration to more than Eden's joys. But, if we would have our champions successful, the weapons with which we arm them must be wrought by Truth and pointed by Love.

Sisters of England! let us close our cars to every voice which would introduce hatred and unholy rivalry into our hearts. We have

and father of all, who is above all and through all, and in us all," whether we dwell in the simple homes of republican America or in the baronial halls of England. Let us each, in our own land and our own sphere, labor to teach the ignorant, to comfort the sorrowing, to reclaim the vicious in whatever condition we find them. Leaving to man― proclaimed, at the first, by Heaven, lord of this lower world the fashioning of the external forins of social and political life- let it be our unobtrusive, but not less important task to imbue those forms with the spirit of peace and love and joy in the Holy Ghost. Once instinct with this blessed Spirit, all forms shall expand into grace and beauty and that glorious freedom "wherewith Christ maketh free."

Such, in spirit, Rev. Sir, would I have had the reply of American Women to those noble Ladies of England who appealed to them with earnest and, as I truly believe, conscientious, though, as I also believe, mistaken conviction of duty. Such a reply, since other and abler voices are silent, I would even now, with your permission, make to them, through your widely read and much valued paper; with the hope that it may suggest, at least in my own land, more kindly and Christian thoughts than have lately prevailed on this subject.

Should I send this paper to you anonymously; I fear that it may fail to secure your attention, or, should it do so, that the public may suppose the writer unwilling to endorse her own assertions. I therefore subscribe myself, Rev. Sir,

Yours, very respectfully,

M. I. MCINTOSH.

From the Examiner.

Memoirs, Journal, and Correspondence of
Thomas Moore. Third and Fourth Volumes.
Longman and Co.

lieve) of the old Marquis of Lansdown, called erick of Prussia was dead, asked anxiously," Are Ingerhouz, who when he was told that old Fredyou very sure dat he is dead?" "Quite sure.

66

66

"On vhat authority?" "Saw it in the papers." Six years of the Journal, 1819-1825, from" You are very, very sure?" Perfectly so." the fortieth to the forty-sixth of Moore's life, Vell, now he is really dead, I vill say he vas are comprised in these volumes. What we de greatest tyrant dat ever existed." have to say of the varying light they throw on the career and the character of the poet, we reserve for another occasion. Some specimens of the entertaining gossip which forms the bulk of their contents we at once present to

the reader.

Lord John to-day mentioned that Sydney Smith told him he had had an intention once of writing a book of maxims, but never got further than the following: "That generally towards the age of forty women get tired of being virtuous and men of being honest."

Sheridan (Charles) told me that his father, being a good deal plagued by an old maiden relation of his always going out to walk with him, said one day that the weather was bad and rainy; to which the old lady answered, that, on the contrary, it had cleared up. "Yes," says Sheridan, it has cleared up enough for one, but not for two." He mentioned too, that Tom Stepney supposed algebra to be a learned language, and referred to his father to know whether it was not so, who said certainly "Latin, Greek, and Algebra." By what people was it spoken ?" By the Algebrians, to be sure," said Sheri

66

Took ice with Lord John at Rucchesi's after-dan. wards. Voltaire listening to an author, who Kenny told a story of one Jim Welsh, who was reading to him his comedy, and said, Ici le said, "Rot me, if I don't take a trip to France; Chevalier rit, exclaimed, Il est bien heureux ! and rot me, if I don't begin immediately to learn Met at the post-office an old acquaintance, the language." He got a grammar, dictionary, O'Hagarty, who was an emigrant in Dublin, and and master; and after three months' study taught the harp. I remember Stevenson saying thought himself qualified to undertake the jour(when O'Hagarty declared he had no other re-ney. Just before he set out Duruset came up to source but this, or else staying in France to be him one day, and said, Eh bien, Mons. Welsh, Jim stared, looked guillotined), "Egad, it was head or harp with comment vous portez-vous ? you ;"' a phrase used in tossing up a halfpenny in bothered, turned his eyes to the right and left, Dublin. and at last exclaimed, "Now rot me, if I han't

De Souza's story of the violent patriot declaiming against tyranny, and saying that the people ought to rise with one voice and cry out Vive la Liberté! at the same time whispering the last word himself; as if he feared the very

walls would hear him.

Bushe told of B., the Bishop of (I forget what), saying after his fourth bottle (striking his head in a fit of maudlin piety), "I have been a great sinner; but I love my Redeemer." This bishop is one of the opposers of the Catholic claims; so is F! Godly ecclesiastics! pity their church should be in danger!

A good thing in a letter I have had from Tegart, that the queen has said she never committed adultery but once, and that was with Mrs. Fitz

herbert's husband.

It was mentioned that Luttrell said lately, with respect to the disaffection imputed to the army in England, "Gad, sir, when the extinguisher takes fire, it's an awkward business."

forgot what that is."

that?"

Talking with Luttrell of religion before dinner, he mentioned somebody having said, upon being "Me? I am of the asked what religion he was, 99 "And what is religion of all sensible men. "Oh! sensible men never tell." Wellesley mentioned an anecdote to show the insincerity of George III. that in giving the ribbon to Lord Wellesley (after having done all he could, as Lord W. well knew, to avoid giving it to him), he said, "I recollect, my lord, having thought, when I saw you as a boy at Eton, that I should one day have to bestow this distinction upon you." Lord R. told a good thing about Sir E. Nagle's coming to our present king when the news of Bonaparte's death had just arrived, and saying, "I have the pleasure to tell your majesty that your bitterest enemy is dead." No! is she, by Gad?" said the king.

Lord Holland told before dinner, (à propos of something), of a man who professed to have studied Euclid" all through, and upon some one saying to him, Well, solve me that problem," answered, "Oh, I never looked at the cuts!"

Lord John mentioned of the late Lord Lansdowne (who was remarkable for the sententious and speech-like pomposity of his conversation), that, in giving his opinion one day of Lord he said, "I have a high opinion of his lordship's Lord John told us that Bobus Smith one day, character; so remarkable do I think him for the in conversation with Talleyrand, having brought pure and unbending integrity of his principles, in somehow the beauty of his mother, T. said, that I look upon it as impossible he should ever C'étoit donc votre père qui n'étoit pas bien. be guilty of the slightest deviation from the line Smith mentioned a conundrum upon Falstaff; of rectitude, unless it were most damnably well"My first is a dropper, my second a propper, worth his while." and my third a whapper."

Lord John mentioned an old physician ( I be

Lord L. mentioned the conclusion of a letter

from a Dutch commercial house as follows:

"Sugars are falling more and more every day; not so the respect and esteem with which we are, &c., &c."

In talking of ghost stories, Lord L. told of a party who were occupied in the same sort of conversation; and there was one tall, pale-looking woman of the party, who listened and said nothing; but upon one of the company turning to her and asking whether she did not believe there was

such a thing as a ghost, she answered, Si j'y crois? oui et même je le suis; and instantly

vanished.

Rossini did not come till near three. Brought

with him Placci, Curioni, and Cocchi; Mercer

Ultramontane journal of Paris, which set itself up as the censor of the moderate party in the Church. The Archbishop of Paris forbade the reading of the journal to his clergy and their flocks; the editor, M. Veuillot, appealed to the Pope; the Pope with all the indirectness of circumlocution insinuates a rebuke at the archbishop; and the prelate retracts. The letter of the pontiff lauds the Napoleon Emperor of the French;" recomprotecting care of his "dear son in Jesus, mends "the excellent works of the Holy writers after they have been carefully expurFathers, and of the most celebrated heathen gated;" and inculcates as the paramount duty" fidelity to the Holy See, and most perfect obedience to all that it teaches, establishes, and decrees." Here we see the true object nakedly exposed. Attacks on the At breakfast Jekyll told of some one remark-mythology of the Pagans have often come ing on the inaccuracy of the inscription on Lord from the Roman Catholic clergy-attacks Kenyon's tomb, Mors janua vita; upon which which sometimes covered a taste to luxuriate Lord Ellenborough said, "Don't you know that in that fanciful region; and many 66 persuathat was by Kenyon's express desire, as he left sions" besides the Romanist might hesitate it in his will, that they should not go to the ex- to instruct youth through the epistles of pense of a diphthong?" Horace or the satires of Catullus, however polished; but the object here is positive, not negative to make the Fathers the standard of literature, the guard against advancing science, the patterns of ecclesiastical absolutism.

came afterwards; and we joined in the choruses of the "Semiramide." Rossini, a fat, natural, jolly-looking person, with a sort of vague archness in his eye, but nothing further. His mastery over

the pianoforte is miraculous.

Mentioned that on some one saying to Peel, about Lawrence's picture of Croker, "You can see the very quiver of his lips ;""Yes," said Peel, "and the arrow coming out of it." Croker himself was telling this to one of his countrymen, who answered, "He meant Arrah coming out of it."

From the Spectator, 16th April.

The Pope expects to be more absolute in France than he can be in Italy, or even in Rome. It is true that he holds down his subjects, forbidding to them almost every act of the life of a free people; but he does not POSTHUMOUS SUPREMACY OF ROME. do so by his spiritual authority over their own ROME at present enjoys the most of such will; it is the bayonets of France that uphold living existence as remains to her, not on the him over his people on the West Italian Seven Hills, but under the immediate shade shore, those of Austria on the Eastern shore. of the French and Austrian emperors; and He has officially declared to the Austrian where she is protected, there she makes her minister, that if he were left by the foreign influence felt as an indignity and a danger. troops in Rome, he could not sustain himself Through a section of the French clergy, the a day against the hatred and revolt of his Pope has effected a considerable stride in subjects. There cannot then be amongst establishing absolute spiritual authority in them much belief in his infallibility. And it France. His pioneers prepared the way. is well known that throughout Italy the One of those semi-clerical personages unknown educated classes, who do not make a trading to the Protestant Church of England, an profession of subserviency to powers that be, Abbé, named Gaume, raised a controversy on are rapidly becoming more and more indethe subject of education; he endeavored to pendent of Rome. But Austria uses the discontinue the use of the classic Greek and Romish priesthood to teach the Lombard Roman writers in public schools, and to sub- catechism, which tells the young Italian that stitute the Fathers, contending that the he holds his property from the emperor, to classics are profane and indecent, the fathers whom he owes obedience like that rendered to trustworthy as authorities on subjects of God. Austria, therefore, who can be Ghibeantiquity. This was a direct attempt to line when it suits her, is Guelph in Lombardy, bring up the youth of France in an absolute Guelph in her assaults on Sardinia. Louis spiritual slavery unknown to the middle Napoleon also has used the clergy of Rome to ages; since those times were too rough for get up those theatrical displays which have the people to be grasped so completely as they done so much to throw over his ill-gotten might be now that they are tamed. The Abbé power the gloss of a spurious authenticity. Gaume was supported by the Univers, an He may use them still to teach obedience to