creatures under his dominion, and ordaining marriage for his help ;k affording him communion with himself; instituting the sabbath;m entering into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of personal, perfect, and perpetual obedience," of which the tree of life was a pledge; and forbidding to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death. Q. 21. Did man continue in that estate wherein God at first created him? A. Our first parents being left to the freedom of their own will, through the temptation of Satan, transgressed the commandment of God in eating the forbidden fruit; and thereby fell from the estate of innocency wherein they were created. had formed. Ver. 15. And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden, to dress it, and to keep it. Ver. 16. And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat. 1 Gen. i. 28. And God blessed them: and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth. * Gen. ii. 18. And the Lord God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him. 1 Gen. i. 26. And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth. Ver. 27. So God created man in his own image: in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. Ver. 28. And God blessed them: and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth. Ver. 29. And God said, Behold, I have given you every herb bearing seed, which is upon the face of all the earth, and every tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree yielding seed; to you it shall be for meat. Gen. iii. 8. And they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God amongst the trees of the garden. m Gen. ii. 3. And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it; because that in it he had rested from all his work which God had created and made. n Gal. iii. 12. And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them. Rom. x. 5. For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them. Gen. ii. 9. And out of the ground made the Lord God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil. P Gen. ii. 17. But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. 21. Gen. iii. 6. And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat; and gave also unto her husband with her, and he did eat. Ver. 7. And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig-leaves together, and made themselves aprons. Ver. 8. And they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God amongst the trees of the garden. Ver. 13. And the Lord God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I Q. 22. Did all mankind fall in that first transgression? A. The covenant being made with Adam as a publick person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation,' sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression." Q. 23. Into what estate did the fall bring mankind? A. The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.* A. Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, any law of God, given as a rule to the reasonable creature. Q. 25. Wherein consisteth the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell? A. The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consisteth in the guilt of Adam's first sin, the want of that righteousness wherein he was created, and the corruption of his nature, whereby he is utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite unto all that is spiritually good, and wholly inclined to all evil, and that continually; which is com did eat. Eccl. vii. 29. Lo, this only have I found, that God made man upright; but they have sought out many inventions. 2 Cor. xi. 3. But I fear, lest by any means, as the serpent beguiled Eve through his subtilty, so your minds should be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ. 22. Acts xvii. 26. And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation. 6 Gen. ii. 16. And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat; Ver. 17. But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. Compared with Rom. v. 12-20. Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned. Ver. 15. For if through the offence of one many be dead; much more-Ver. 16. For the judgment was by one to condemnation-Ver. 17. For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more-Ver. 18. Therefore, as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even soVer. 19. For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners; so by the obedience-And with 1 Cor. XV. 21. For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead. Ver. 22. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. 23. Rom. v. 12. Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned. Rom. iii. 23. For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God. 24. 1 John iii. 4. Whosoever committeth sin transgresseth also the law: for sin is the transgression of the law. Gal. iii. 10. For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them. Ver. 12. And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them. 25. Rom. v. 12. Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned. Ver. 19. For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners; so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. Rom. iii. 10. As it is written, There is none righteous, no, not one: Ver. 11. There is none that understandeth, there is none that seeketh after God. Ver. 12. They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable; there is none that doeth good, no, not one. Ver. 13. Their throat is an open sepulchre: with their tongues they have used deceit: the poison of asps is under their lips: Ver. 14. Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness: Ver. monly called Original Sin, and from which do proceed all actual transgressions. Q. 26. How is original sin conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity? A. Original sin is conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity by natural generation, so as all that proceed from them in that way are conceived and born in sin.* Q. 27. What misery did the fall bring upon mankind? A. The fall brought upon mankind the loss of communion with God, his displeasure and curse; so as we are by nature children of wrath,b bond slaves to Satan, and justly liable to all punishments in this world, and that which is to come. 15. Their feet are swift to shed blood: Ver. 16. Destruction and misery are in their ways; Ver. 17. And the way of peace have they not known: Ver. 18. There is no fear of God before their eyes. Ver. 19. Now we know, that what things soever the law saith, it saith to them who are under the law; that every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God. Eph. ii. 1. And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins; Ver. 2. Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience: Ver. 3. Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others. Rom. v. 6. For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. Rom. viii. 7. Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be. Ver. 8. So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God. Gen. vi. 5. And God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually. James i. 14. But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. Ver. 15. Then, when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin; and sin, when it is finished, bringeth forth death. Matt. xv. 19. For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, aaulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies." 26. Ps. li. 5. Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me. Job xiv. 4. Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one. Job xv. 14. What is man, that he should be clean? and he which is born of a woman, that he should be righteous? John iii. 6. That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. 27. a Gen. iii. 8. And they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God amongst the trees of the garden. Ver. 10. And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself. Ver. 24. So he drove out the man: and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life. b Eph. ii. 2. Wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience: Ver. 3. Among whom also we all had our conversation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by nature the children of wrath, even as others. c2 Tim. ii. 26. And that they may recover themselves out of the snare of the devil, who are taken captive by him at his will. d Gen. ii. 17. But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. Lam. in. 39. Wherefore doth a living man complain, a man for the punishment of his sins? Rom. vi. 23. For Q. 28. What are the punishments of sin in this world? A. The punishments of sin in this world are either inward, as blindness of mind, a reprobate sense, strong delusions, hardness of heart,h horror of conscience, and vile affections; or outward, as the curse of God upon the creatures for our sakes, and all other evils that befall us in our bodies, names, estates, relations, and employments; together with death itself." m Q. 29. What are the punishments of sin in the world to come? A. The punishments of sin in the world to come, are everlasting separation from the comfortable presence of God, and most grievous torments in soul and body, without intermission, in hell-fire for ever." the wages of sin is death; but the * Rom. i. 26. For this cause God gift of God is eternal life through gave them up unto vile affections: Jesus Christ our Lord. Matt. xxv. for even their women did change 41. Then shall he say also unto them the natural use into that which is on the left hand, Depart from me, ye against nature. cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels. Ver. 46. And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal. Jude, Ver. 7. Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them, in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. e 28. Eph. iv. 18. Having the understanding darkened, being alienated from the life of God through the ignorance that is in them, because of the blindness of their heart. Rom. i. 28. Even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient. 82 Thess. ii. 11. And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie. h Rom. ii. 5. But, after thy hardness and impenitent heart, treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God. Gen. iii. 17. And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying, Thou shalt not eat of it: cursed is the ground for thy sake; in sorrow shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life. m Deut. xxviii. 15. to the end. But it shall come to pass, if thou wilt not hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to observe to do all his commandments and his statutes, which I command thee this day, that all these curses shall come upon thee, and overtake thee. Ver. 16. Cursed shalt thou be in the city, and cursed shalt thou be in the field. Ver. 17. Cursed shall be thy basket and thy store. Ver. 18. Cursed shall be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy land, &c. Rom. vi. 21. What fruit had ye then in those things whereof ye are now ashamed? for the end of those things is death. Ver. 23. For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord. 29.2 Thess. i. 9. Who shall be Isa. xxxiii. 14. The sinners in punished with everlasting destruction Zion are afraid; fearfulness hath sur- from the presence of the Lord, and prised the hypocrites: who among us from the glory of his power. Mark shall dwell with the devouring fire? ix. 43, 44, 46, 48.-To go into hell,who among us shall dwell with ever- Where their worm dieth not, and the lasting burnings? Gen. iv. 13. And fire is not quenched. Luke xvi. 24. Cain said unto the Lord, My punish- And he cried, and said, Father Abrament is greater than I can bear. ham, have mercy on me, and send Matt. xxvii. 4. Saying, I have sinned, Lazarus, that he may dip the tip of in that I have betrayed the innocent his finger in water, and cool my blood. And they said, What is that tongue; for I am tormented in this to us? see thou to that. flame. Q. 30. Doth God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery? A. God doth not leave all men to perish in the estate of sin and misery, into which they fell by the breach of the first covenant, commonly called the Covenant of Works; but of his mere love and mercy delivereth his elect out of it, and bringeth them into an estate of salvation by the second covenant, commonly called the Covenant of Grace." Q. 31. With whom was the covenant of grace made? A. The covenant of grace was made with Christ as the second Adam, and in him with all the elect as his seed." Q. 32. How is the grace of God manifested in the second covenant? A. The grace of God is manifested in the second covenant, in that he freely provideth and offereth to sinners a Mediator, and life and salvation by him; and requiring faith as the condition to interest them in him, promiseth and giveth his Holy Spirit to all his elect, 30. P1 Thess. v. 9. For God hath not appointed us to wrath, but to obtain salvation by our Lord Jesus Christ. Gal. iii. 10. For as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them. Ver. 12. And the law is not of faith: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them. Tit. iii. 4. But after that the kindness and love of God our Saviour toward man appeared, Ver. 5. Not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; Ver. 6. Which he shed on us abun dantly through Jesus Christ our Saviour; Ver. 7. That, being justified by his grace, we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life. Gal. iii. 21. Is the law then against the promises of God? God forbid: for if there had been a law given which could have given life, verily righteousness should have been by the law. Rom. iii. 20. Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin. Ver. 21. But now the righteousness of God without the law is manifested, being witnessed by the law and the prophets; Ver. 22. Even the righteousness of God, which is by faith of Jesus Christ unto all and upon all them that believe; for there is no difference. 31. Gal. iii. 16. Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ. [Rom. v. 15 to the end.] Isa. liii. 10. Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in his hand. Ver. 11. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear their iniquities. 32. Gen. iii. 15. And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed: it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. Isa. xlii. 6. I the Lord have called thee in righteousness, and will hold thine hand, and will keep thee, and will give thee for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles. John vi. 27. Labour not for the meat which perisheth, but for that meat which endureth unto everlasting life, which the Son of man shall give unto you: for him hath God the Father sealed. ▼ 1 John v. 11. And this is the record, that God hath given to us eternal life; and this life is in his Son. Ver. 12. He that hath the Son hath life; and he that hath not the Son of God hath not life. w John iii. 16. For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. John i. 12. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name. |