appointed, many ages ago, the sacred canon, so pure from all error that nothing is contained in it which does not, to the greatest degree, savour of holiness and piety, and raise the minds of the offerers to God: for it is composed both of the very words of the Lord, and the traditions of the apostles, and the pious appointments of holy Pontiffs.

instituit, ita omni errore purum, ut nihil in eo contineatur, quod non maxime sanctitatem, ac pietatem quandam redoleat, mentesque offerentium in Deum erigat. Is enim constat cum ex ipsis Domini verbis, tum ex apostolorum traditionibus, ac sanctorum quoque Pontificum piis institutionibus.

CHAPTER V.—(Of the Ceremonies and Rites of the Mass.)

And since the nature of man is such that it may not be sustained to the meditation of divine things without exterior helps, on this account, holy mother Church instituted certain rites, as, for instance, that in the mass, some things should be pronounced in a low voice, and some in a louder. She set forth also ceremonies from apostolic tradition and discipline, as

Caput V.

Cumque natura hominum ea sit, ut non facile queat sine adminiculis exterioribus ad rerum divinarum meditationem sustolli; propterea pia mater Ecclesia ritus quosdam, ut scilicet quædam summissa voce, alia vero elatiore, in missa pronunciarentur, instituit. Cærimonias item adhibuit, ut mysticas benedictiones, lumina, thymiamata, vestes, aliaque id genus multa ex apostolica

mystical benedictions, lights, incense, vestments, and many other things of that kind, by which both the majesty of so great a sacrifice might be approved, and that by means of these visible signs of religion and piety, the minds of the faithful might be excited to the contemplation of the highest matters which are hidden in this sacrifice.

disciplina, et traditione, quo et majestas tanti sacrificii commendaretur, et mentes fidelium per hæc visibilia religionis, et pietatis signa, ad rerum altissimarum, quæ in hoc sacrificio latent, contemplationem excitarentur.

CHAPTER VI.—(Of the Mass, in which the Priest alone communicates.)

The holy Synod could indeed wish, that in all masses the faithful, who are present, should communicate not only in spiritual affection, but also in sacramental receiving of the eucharist, in order that they might more abundantly profit by this most holy sacrifice but if this may not always be, she does not therefore condemn those masses in which the priest alone sacramentally communicates, as if they were

Caput VI.

Optaret quidem sacrosancta Synodus, ut in singulis missis fideles adstantes non solum spirituali affectu, sed sacramentali Eucharistiæ perceptione communicarent, quo ad eos sanctissimi hujus sacrificii fructus uberior proveniret: nec tamen, si id non semper fiat, propterea missas illas, in quibus solus sacerdos sacramentaliter communicat, ut privatas et illicitas damnat, sed

private and unlawful; but approves and commends them. For those masses also ought to be accounted common, partly, because in them the people spiritually communicate, and partly because they are celebrated by the public minister of the Church, not for himself only, but for all the faithful who belong to the body of Christ.

probat, atque adeo commendat. Siquidem illæ quoque missæ vere communes censeri debent, partim, quod in eis populus spiritualiter communicet, partim vero, quod a publico Ecclesiæ ministro, non pro se tantum, sed pro omnibus fidelibus, qui ad corpus Christi pertinent, celebrentur.

CHAPTER VII. (Of mixing Water with the Wine which is to be offered in the Cup.)

Furthermore, the holy Synod admonishes, that the priests are commanded by the Church, to mix water with the wine which is to be offered in the cup, both because it is believed that Christ did so, and also because from His side water came out with the blood, which sacrament is had in remembrance by this mixture; and, as the people are called

Caput VII.

Monet deinde sancta Synodus, præceptum esse ab Ecclesia sacerdotibus, ut aquam vino in calice offerendo miscerent, tum quod Christum Dominum ita fecisse credatur, tum etiam quia e latere ejus aqua simul cum sanguine exierit, quod sacramentum

waters in the Revelation of St. John, the union of the faithful people themselves with Christ their head is thus represented.

hac mixtione recolitur: et cum aquæ in Apocalypsi beati Joannis populi dicantur, ipsius populi fidelis cum capite Christo unio repræsentatur.

CHAPTER VIII.-(The Mass may not be celebrated in the common tongue. Let the Mysteries of it be explained to the people.)

Although the mass contains much instruction for the faithful people, yet it did not seem good to the Fathers that it should be every where celebrated in the common tongue. Wherefore, retaining everywhere the ancient rite of each Church which has been approved by the holy Roman Church, the mother and mistress of all Churches, lest the sheep of Christ hunger, and His little ones ask bread, and there be none to break it for them, the holy Synod commands pastors and all persons having cure of souls, that they frequently, between the celebration

Caput VIII.

Etsi missa magnam contineat populi fidelis eruditionem; non tamen expedire visum est Patribus, ut vulgari passim lingua celebraretur. Quamobrem, retento ubique cujusque Ecclesiæ antiquo, et a sancta Romana Ecclesia, omnium Ecclesiarum matre et magistra, probato ritu, ne oves Christi esuriant, neve parvuli panem petant, et non sit qui frangat eis; mandat sancta Synodus pastoribus, et singulis curam animarum gerentibus, ut frequenter inter missarum celebrationem, vel per se, vel per alios,

of masses, either by themselves or others, explain something of those things which are read in the mass; and, among others, declare somewhat of the mystery of this most holy sacrifice, especially on Lord's Days and Festivals.

ex iis, quæ in missa leguntur, aliquid exponant; atque inter cetera sanctissimi hujus sacrificii mysterium aliquod declarent, diebus præsertim Dominicis, et festis.

CHAPTER IX. (A Preface to the following Canons.)

But, because, now-a-days, many errors are disseminated and many things taught and disputed by many persons against this ancient faith, which is founded on the Holy Gospels, the traditions of the Apostles, and of the holy Fathers, the holy Synod, after many and grave debates maturely held upon these points, has determined, with the unanimous consent of all the Fathers, to condemn and cast out of the Church, by the following Canons, whatsoever opposes t is most pure faith and holy teaching.

Caput IX.

Quia vero adversus veterem hanc in sacrosancto evangelio, Apostolorum traditionibus, sanctorumque patrum doctrina fundatam fidem, hoc tempore multi disseminati sunt errores, multaque à multis docentur, et disputantur; sacrosancta Synodus, post mul. tos, gravesque his de rebus mature habitos tractatus, unanimi Patrum omnium consensu, quæ huic purissimæ fidei, sacræque doctrinæ adversantur, damnare, et à sancta Ecclesia eliminare, per subjectos hos canones constituit.