for faults of commission and omission, their souls are purified after death by the pains of purgatory, and that for their release from these pains, the suffrages of the faithful who are alive are profitable to them; to wit, the sacrifices of masses, prayers and alms, and other works of piety, which, according to the appointment of the Church, are wont to be made by the faithful for other believers.

missis satisfecerint; et omissis, eorum animas pœnis purgatoriis post mortem purgari, et ut a pœnis hujusmodi releventur, prodesse eis fidelium vivorum suffragia; missarum scilicet sacrificia, orationes et eleemosynas, et alia pietatis officia, quæ a fidelibus pro aliis fidelibus fieri consueverunt, secundum Ecclesiæ instituta.-Conc. xiii. 515.

THE SAME.

(Of Papal Supremacy.)

Also we decree that the holy Apostolic See, and the Roman pontiff, has a primacy over the whole world; and that the Roman pontiff himself is the successor of St. Peter, the prince of the Apostles, and is the true vicar of Christ, and head of the whole Church, and the father and teacher of all Christians; and

Ibidem.

Item diffinimus sanctam Apostolicam Sedem, et Romanum pontificem, in universum orbem tenere primatum, et ipsum pontificem Romanum successorem esse beati Petri principis Apostolorum, et verum Christi vicarium, totiusque ecclesiæ caput, et omnium Christianorum patrem et doctorem existere; et ipsi in

that to him, in the person of the blessed Peter, our Lord Jesus Christ has committed full power of feeding, ruling and governing the universal Church.

beato Petro pascendi, regendi, ac gubernandi universalem Ecclesiam a Domino nostro Jesu Christo plenam potestatem traditam esse.-Ibid.

LATERAN, V., A.D. 1516.

SESSION X.-(Episcopal Authority over the Press.)

With the approbation of this sacred Council.... we decree and ordain that, henceforth, in all future times, as well in our city, as in all other states and dioceses whatsoever, no person presume to print or cause to be printed, any book, or any writing whatsoever, unless they be first accurately examined; if in our city, by our vicar and master of the palace; but in other states or dioceses, by the bishop or some other . deputed by the bishop for

Session X.

. . . . hoc sacro approbante Concilio . . . . statuimus et ordinamus, quod de cætero perpetuis futuris temporibus nullus librum aliquem, seu aliam quamcumque scripturam, tam in urbe nostra, quam aliis quibusvis civitatibus et diœcesibus imprimere seu imprimi facere præsumat; nisi prius in urbe per vicarium nostrum et sacri palatii magistrum; in aliis vero civitatibus et diœcesibus per episcopum vel alium . . . . ab eodem episcopo ad id deputandum;

that purpose; and be approved by subscription under their own hands, to be given gratuitously and without delay on pain of excommunication. But if any one shall presume to do otherwise, besides the loss of the printed books and public burning, and the payment of a hundred ducats (without hope of remission), to the press of the prince of apostles in Rome, and the suspension of his exercise of printing for a whole year, let him be bound with the sentence of excommunication.

. diligenter examinentur, et per eorum manu propria subscriptionem, sub excommunicationis sententia gratis et sine dilatione imponendam, approbentur. Qui autem secùs præsumpserit, ultra librorum impressorum amissionem, et illorum publicam combustionem, et centum ducatorum fabricæ principis Apostolorum de urbe (sine spe remissionis solutionem), ac anni continui exercitii impressionis suspensionem, excommunicationis sententia innodatus existat, &c.-Conc. xiv. 257-8.

COUNCIL OF TRENT, A.D. 1545-1563.

SESSION III., A.D. 1546.

DECREE CONCERNING THE CREED.

In the name of the Holy and undivided Trinity, this holy, oecumenical and general Synod of Trent, lawfully assembled in the Holy Spirit

... before all things, decrees and determines to set forth, in the first place, the Confession of Faith, following the examples of the Fathers in this matter, who were wont to place this in the beginning of their actions, as a shield against all heresies. ... Wherefore it has thought fit to express

In nomine Sanctæ et individuæ Trinitatis, Patris, et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti. Hæc sacrosancta œcumenica, et generalis Tridentina Synodus in Spiritu Sancto legitime congregata

. . ante omnia statuit et decernit, præmittendam esse Confessionem Fidei, Patrum exempla secuta, qui sacratioribus conciliis hoc scutum contra omnes hæreses in principio suarum actio

the symbol of the faith which the holy Roman Church uses, as that first principle in which all, who profess the faith of Christ, necessarily believe, and the firm and only foundation against which the gates of Hell shall not prevail, in the very words in which it is read in all the churches; which is as follows. I BELIEVE in One God, the Father Almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible and invisible; and in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only begotten Son of God, born of the Father before all worlds; God of God, Light of Light, very God of very God; begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father, by whom all things were made: who for us men and for our salvation, came down from heaven, and was incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary, and was made man: He was crucified also for us, He suffered under Pontius

num apponere consuevere . . . . Quare symbolum fidei, quo sancta Romana Ecclesia utitur, tanquam principium illud, in quo omnes, qui fidem Christi profitentur, necessario conveniunt, ac fundamentum firmum et unicum, contra quod portæ Inferi nunquam prævalebunt, totidem verbis, quibus in omnibus ecclesiis legitur, exprimendum esse censuit: quod quidem hujusmodi est. CREDO in unum Deum Patrem Omnipotentem, factorem cœli terræ, visibilium et invisibilium; et in unum Dominum Jesum Christum, Filium Dei unigenitum, et ex Patre natum ante omnia sæcula; Deum de Deo, Lumen de Lumine, Deum verum de Deo vero; genitum non factum, consubstantialem Patri, per quem omnia facta sunt: qui propter nos homines et propter nostram salutem, descendit de cœlis, et incarnatus est de Spiritu Sancto ex Maria Virgine, et homo factus est: crucifixus etiam pro nobis, sub Pontio Pilato