AN

ANSWER

OF

THE MOST REVEREND FATHER IN GOD

THOMAS,

ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY, PRIMATE OF ALL ENGLAND, AND METROPOLITAN,

UNTO

A CRAFTY AND SOPHISTICAL CAVILLATION

DEVISED BY

STEPHEN GARDINER,

DOCTOR OF LAW, LATE Bishop of WINCHESTER,

Against the true and godly Doctrine of the most holy Sacrament of the Body and Blood of our Saviour Jesu Christ.

Wherein is also, as occasion serveth, answered such places of the book of

DR. RICHARD SMITH,

As may seem any thing worthy the answering.

ITEM

Ye shall find here also the true copy of the book written, and in open court delivered, by Dr. Stephen Gardiner, not one word added or diminished, but faithfully in all points agreeing with the original.

Read with judgment, and confer with diligence, laying aside all affection on either party, and you shall easily perceive, good reader, how slender and weak the allegations and persuasions of the papists are, wherewith they go about to defend their erroneous and false doctrine, and to impugn the truth.

ANNO MDLI.

IMPRINTED AT LONDON BY REYNOLDE WOLFE, WITH THE KING'S MOST

GRACIOUS PRIVILEGE.

And licensed according to the meaning of the late Proclamation.

[The Answer to Gardyner, when first published, was accompanied by the whole, both of the Defence, &c. and of Gardyner's attempted Confutation of it. The former, having been already printed separately in the second volume, is omitted here, and references substituted in the places where its different parts were inserted. The latter is given entire. It is distinguished from Cranmer's Answer by a smaller type. To secure its accuracy, the press has been corrected from the original edition in octavo, which appeared, while Gardyner was in the Tower, without any name of printer or place. The authorities used for the Answer are, the first edition, "imprinted at London by Reynolde Wolfe," 1551, folio, and the second, also in folio, which issued from the press of John Daye in 1580, under the superintendence, as it has been supposed, of Bishop Parkhurst. The last of these has supplied many marginal notes, together with the useful numerals which point to the corresponding passages in the attack and defence. It is represented in its title-page to have been "revised and corrected by the Arch"byshop at Oxford, before his Martyrdome; Wherein hee hath "beautified Gardiner's doynges, with asmuch diligence as might "be, by applying Notes in the Margent, and markes to the Doc"tours saying which before wanted in the first Impression."]

The following lines were prefixed to the edition of

1580.]

J. PARKHURSTI.

Accipe præclarum, lector studiose, libellum,

Quem tibi Cranmerus scripserat ante rogos. Hic docta sanctam tractat ratione synaxin,

Insistens, patres quas docuere, viis.
Hic, Gardnere, tuas phaleratas detegit artes;
Detrahit et larvam, sæve tyranne, tuam.
Atque tuo ipsius jugulum transverberat ense,

Ut jaceas veluti sensibus absque fera.
Denique rixosis hic obstruit ora papistis,
Rixandi posset si tamen esse modus.
Solvitur in cineres corpus, mens scandit ad astra,
Fama superstes erit tempus in omne memor.

A

PREFACE TO THE READER.

I THINK it good, gentle reader, here in the beginning to admonish thee of certain words and kinds of speeches, which I do use sometime in this mine Answer to the late Bishop of Wynchester's book, lest in mistaking, thou do as it were stumble at them.

First this word, " sacrament," I do sometimes use (as it is Sacrament. many times taken among writers and holy doctors) for the sacramental bread, water, or wine; as when they say, that "sacramentum est sacræ rei signum," "a sacrament is the "sign of an holy thing." But where I use to speak sometimes, as the old authors do, that Christ is in the sacraments, I mean the same as they did understand the matter, that is to say, not of Christ's carnal presence in the outward sacrament; but sometimes of his sacramental presence: and sometime by this word, "sacrament," I mean the whole ministration and receiving of the sacraments, either of Baptism, or of the Lord's Supper, and so the old writers many times do say, that Christ and the Holy Ghost be present in the sacraments, not meaning by that manner of speech, that Christ and the Holy Ghost be present in the water, bread, or wine, (which be only the outward visible sacraments,) but that in the due ministration of the sacraments according to Christ's ordinance and institution, Christ and his holy Spirit be truly and in deed present by their mighty and sanctifying power, virtue, and grace, in all them that worthily receive the same. Moreover when I say and repeat many times in my book,