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Margaret, verch Davydd Llwyd, married Ithel ap Davydd ap Ithel, of Northop.

Anne verch Ino. Humphreys, of Plas Belyn, married Elis Williams, of Northop.

Cathrine verch Hugh ap Hywel, married Lewis ap I. of Galchog. Angharad verch Ioan ap Grono ap Hugh, married Richard Lewis, of Galchog.

Thomas ap Howel, married Elizabeth verch Davydd ap Ithel ap Cwna ap Ithel ap Cynric, of Wepra.

Hugh ap Hywel, married Agnes verch I. Lewis, of Sychtyn. Anne verch Robert ap Edwart ap Ithel ap Sion o Vertyn Uwchlan, married Nicholas, of Sychtyn.

Elizabeth verch Howel ap Robert ap Ioan of Gwssaney,* married Ioan ap Ieuan, of Soughton.

Mary verch Edward Llwyd ap Davydd Llwydd, married Edward Conway, of Soughton.

John Jones ap Meredydd Llwyd, married Jane verch Edward Conway, of Soughton.

Gwenhwyver verch Davydd ap Cwna, married James Conway, of Soughton.

(Powel ap Hugh, married Elizabeth verch Cyndric ab Richard Lewis, of Vynachlog.)

Lewis ap Ieuan ap Davydd ap Madoc, married Elizabeth verch James Conway, of Soughton.

Richard ap Edward ap John, married Douze verch John ap Edward, of Caerallwch.

Elizabeth verch Davydd ap Ithel ap Cwna, married Thomas ap Hywel ap Ithel, Caervallwch.

Edward ap Elis ap Elis, married Elizabeth verch Harri Jones, Caervallwch.

Anne verch John Hughes, of Chitford, married Thomas Parri, Caervallwch.

Mary verch Thomas Jones, of Halkin, married Cynric Williams, of Golptyn.

Gwraig Richard ap Lewys Margret verch ai aeres Huw ap Cynvrig ap Davydd ap Ithel Vychan or Plas yn Northop."

Gwraig Briod Edwyn ap Grono, Gwerydd verch Bleddyn. Grufydd ab Ithel ap Grufydd ap Ddd. ap Madog vychan o Wepra, ap Madog Wyddel ap Madog ap Ririd ap Ierwth. ap Madog ap Meredydd ap Uchdryd ap Edwin.

* Gwisaney, Gosana, Gysane, Gwysaneu, in old Mss.

Mam Grufudd o'r Rhudallt oedd wenllian verch Ithel Vychan ap Ithel Llwyd.

I Ithel Vychan ap Ithel Llwyd y bu saith mab nid amgen Cynvrig Sais, Davydd, Ithel berson, Bleddyn, Llewelyn, Ieuan, Tudor. Ithel berson ap Ithel vychan a vu berson yn Llan Eurgain, a Davydd i vrawd ev a vu berson Ynghilken, a Llewelyn y trydydd brawd a vu Berson yn chwitfordd; a saith merch oedd i Ithel vychan, un oedd wraig Iorwerth ap Davydd Wepra yr eil oedd Adles gwraig leuav ap Hwva, or drydedd wraig vorgan ap Davydd o Vaelor, ar bedwaredd wraig Wrgeneu Maestran o Benllyn, y bumed oedd wraig Rotpert ap Iorwerth ap Ririd o Degaingl, y chweched oedd wraig Meredydd ddu o` Von, ar seithved oedd wraig yr hen Dudur ap Grono ap Ednyved vychan o Von.

Mam Davydd ap Ithel vychan oedd Angharad verch ac aeres Robin ap Davydd, &c.

Siankyn ap Syr Davydd Hanmer a briodes Marred verch ac etiveddes Davydd ap Bleddyn, &c. Ac oddiwrth y Varred hono y cad y Llwyn Derw Yntregaingl i'r Hanmeriaid, &c. Plant madoc ap Llewelyn vychan oedd Wiliam, Lewys, a Davydd yn Nolstyn (golftyn) yn emyl Weppra.

Plant Davydd ap Madoc Ivan, Edwd. a Luws gwraig Harri conwy o Sychdyn.

Mam Owen ap Edwin oedd Gwerydd verch Cynvin ap Gwerystan ap Gwaithoved.

Howel Gwynedd ap Davydd ap Bleddyn ap Ithel Vychan o degaingl hwnnw a Forffetiodd ei dir yn amser Owain Glyndwfr a'r hen Saxon ai cavas.

N.B. Surnames began to be used among the nobility about the year 1200.

MISCELLANY.

"Noverint, &c. Tho. ap Holt ap Ieuan of Celsterton com. flynt gent.; Hugh ap Holt ap Ieuan de soughton gent.; Tho. Iohnes alias ap Rich. de Northop gent. et Rees ap Rich ap Morris de leprog vaur in com. Flynt, gent. teneri, &c. John Younge in 20 marcis, &c. dat. 28 Aprell, I Q. E.

No condition but the money to be payd by a day; sealed &c. in pres. of Lewys ap Iev ap dd. ap Madoc: Giff. ap Rees.

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Ieuan ap Ie.

David ap Rees ap Iev.
Rob ap Holt ap Holt.

Edwd. ap dd ap Griff ap Gwyn.
Rees ap dd ap Griff ap Gwyn."

Harl. Mss. 2099, fo. 389.

'Sciant, &c. Ricus Hurleston de picton in com cestr gent. dedi, &c. Tho. Browne unun mess, &c. in Eulow in ocupatione Tho.

Browne et Ricus Browne pater pdt Tho. Habend, &c. attornatus
Io Banister et Ricum Ledsham Iun del band possesioem dcto
Tho. &c. dat 14 March, 1 Q. E.
Sigillat in psens

Wm. Croffton, &c. cestr gent.
Io. Banister.

Tho. Johnson de Avanley Tayler.

Possession given in presence of
Hen. Conway de Soughton, gent.
Robt. Conway fil dect Ed. Hen.
Willm. Ihone de Ashlo.
Rich. Ledsham de Eulow.
Ievan ap Benett of Soughton.
David ap Ieuan of Soughton.
Petro Ledsham."

Harl. Mss. 2099, fo. 279.

"Noverint &c. Tho. Lloyd ap Lewys Lloyd de Northop, gen. et Tudor Lloyd ap Llewys Lloyd de Alltgwynydd in com denbigh gen tenderi, &c. Kendric ap Tho ap dd in 40 marcis, &c. dat 17 marcy 26 Q. E.: sealed and delivered in psens of Griff ap Tho Rees ap Griff ap Rees ap Tho. Edw. ap Madoc. Lewys ap lo ap H.

Elysabeth vrch Willm. ap Ithel."

ap

Rees

Harl. Mss. 2099, fo. 280.

"An indenture 7 March, 26 Q. E. bet. Kend. ap Tho. ap dd of Northop com. Flynt, gent. &c. Tho. Lloyd ap Llewys Lloyd of same town, wherein Tho. Lloyd by his deed of fee simple bearing date herewith, hath sould to Kend the tent wherein Edwd. ap Madoc ap dd now dweleth, beinge in Hope Mydoghned, to have and to hould &c. unless within 8 years, Tho. Lloyd or his heyres pay in Northop Church £13 6 8, dat as above.

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Edw. ap Madoc.

Llewys ap lo ap Holt.
Elisabeth vch Willm. ap Ithel."
Harl. Mss. 2099, fo. 348.

"Be it known, &c. I Willm. Evans of Northop in com Flynt, Clerke for divers causes, &c. have released to Rose Ravencroft of Bolles, esq. all sutes, acctions, &c. from the beginning of the world to the last of July last; in witness, &c. dat 20 Augt. 1 K. James 1603.

Sealed and delivd. in presens of

Thos. Evans.

Thos. Evans.

lo. Pyerce.

Io. Evans.
Evan Lloyd.

(Signed) Willm. Evans."

Harl. Mss. 2099, fo. 387.

In former times, North Wales exhibited scenes of the utmost calamity; and this parish in particular is noticed by one of our * Quere: Plas yn Balls, near Flint Mountain.

ancient bards as having participated in the disaster of war: he says, (to translate the passage,) "the fine steeds were languid with the toil of the day, when the hosts wallowed in gore and were thrown into confusion. The bow was fully bent towards its victim: the shaft aimed at the breast in the regions of Northop. The army at Offa's Dyke panted for glory; the troops of North Wales and the men of London were as the alternate motion of the waves on the sea-shore; when the sea-mew screams, our happiness was great in the defeat of the Normans."

Einion ab Gwgan, abt. 1244.

The following fragment is from another Welsh bard. "Conflicting with the English for the lands of Flintshire: the bloody hand uplifted, blood gushing, ardent efforts, bright swords unsheathed, spears toiling with the keen blades, the blades in hand slaying the chieftains, the hand grasping the blade, the blade on the Norman host; violent struggles against the appearance of death, the gore running from violence, human flesh deposited for birds of prey; the scent of wounds arising, the ravens exulting in blood, the dead riding on a thousand crows.

Cynddelw, abt. the middle
of the 12th century.

NOTES.

(1) In Doomsday-book Halkin is called Alchene; and states, that there was a church, a presbyter and three boors: a mill of 5s. annual value, and a wood half a league long, and 40 perches broad, the whole valued at 10s. Probably Alchene is a corruption of Alcuin, a monk and zealous teacher of Christianity. He was descended from an illustrious family, and was born at York: was educated under Archbishop Egbert. He inherited the Monastery of St. Mary, near the mouth of the Humber. He was a deep divine, a great scholar, and an excellent poet. Alcuin was selected to be the bearer of proposals of marriage between Charles, a foreign prince, and a daughter of Offa. He died about the year 810. The Welsh name of Halkin is Llan Lugan, from Lugan a British saint, not to be found among our genealogies. There is another church in Merionyddshire dedicated to him. B. Willis states that it is called Lugain, from the abundance of helyg (willows,) growing hereabouts; this definition is certainly absurd. Helygen is a willow only.

(2) After the Saxons had taken the crown and sceptre of London from the Britons, the lords of Wales assembled at Chester and made choice of Maelgwn for their king. He had a superiority and sovereignty over all the princes of Wales: and as he was bound to pay a tribute for Wales to the king of London, they were to pay the like unto him according to Hywel Dda's

ancient laws. In the British Chronicle he is the 60th in the list of kings. He married a daughter of Sawyl Benuchel, and sister of Asav, a celebrated teacher of Christianity and bishop of Llanelwy, from whom the see afterwards obtained the name of St. Asav, or Asaph. Maelgwn bestowed on the see several lands, and contributed largely to build the cathedral and palace, which he was induced to do in reverence to the bishop's eminent sanctity, and to the miracle said to be wrought through his prayers. The legend is, the queen had a favorite ring, which, as she was walking on the rocks of Dyganwg, near the royal residence, unfortunately dropped from her finger, and rolled into the sea. Sorry for the loss, and fearful lest the king might entertain any injurious suspicions, the queen sent to her brother, requesting he would disclose the matter to her consort. St. Asav, therefore, invited their majesties to his palace, when he took the opportunity of informing the king of the circumstance, which excited his displeasure and jealousy so much as to alarm the venerable prelate, who retired and prayed to God that he would be pleased to calm the king's passion, reveal the truth, and dispose him to believe it. Soon after this a fisherman brought a present to the bishop of a salmon, (which was ordered to be dressed,) in whose belly the identical ring was found. This gave instant satisfaction, and the ring was preserved at St. Asaph, for several centuries, among the sacralii, an object of much devotion. Maelgwn reigned over North Wales from 517 till about the year 560, when he died of the yellow plague. We read that "he was a fine, handsome, generous man, and the subduer of many cruel kings; valient and mighty in battle," but, if we may credit Gildas, he was addicted to much vice, "and therefore hated of God." Taliesin the chief bard of that period prophesied of his death in the following figurative language.

E ddaw pryv rhyvedd
O vorva Rhianedd
I ddiel enwiredd
Ar Vaelgwn Gwynedd
Ei vlew ei ddanedd
Ei lygaid yn euredd

A hwn a wna ddiedd

Ar Vaelgwn Gwynedd.

Some strange reptile will come
From Rhianedd Marsh*
To avenge the iniquity
Of Maelgwn Gwynedd.
Its hair, its teeth,
Its eyes of golden hue,
This will make an end
Of Maelgwn Gwynedd.

In the year 552, he built the castles of Shrewsbury, Harlech, and Abercynwy; and about the same time, struck perhaps with remorse for the crimes of his past life, devoted himself to religion; and built Penmon Priory, Caergybi Cloister, improved the town of Bangor, and endowed the See with lands and franchises. It is said that he expired in Rhos Church, near Diganwy in Arvan; and was buried in Skerries Island, against Anglesea.

Rhianedd Marsh in Arvon was inundated in 1097. A.W. fo. 532.

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