John Gleane, a scion of the well-known Sheffield. THE FIRST EDITION OF BROWNE'S 'BRITANNIA'S PASTORALS.' 66 P. 6, 1. 17.-A edition, "For prey, two greedy hawks on each side hem "; B edition, "Two sharpset hawks do her on each side hem." P. 8, 11. 39 and 40 are entirely different in thetwo editions. P. 9, 11. 27, 28, 29, and 30 are entirely different in the two editions. P. 11, 1. 39.-A edition, "Clorin the faire"; B edition, "Marine the faire." torture every day"; B edition, "will torture by P. 12, 1. 9.-A edition, "Who on his racks will his powre. P. 15, 1. 15.-In the middle of 1. 15 in B edition an interpolation begins, and 14 new lines are added,. the texts then corresponding again. P. 17, 11. 11, 12, 13, and 19 have been rewritten in B edition. P. 49, 1. 11.-In B edition two new lines are interpolated. P. 79--After 1. 29 B edition has two new lines inserted, the text then going on again in correspondence with A edition. P. 81, 1. 26.-A edition has 'hem them in"; B edition," make a ring." Many other differences in text might be. set down, but these are enough to show that а very considerable revision was made when the B edition was published.. This was apparently in 1616, when the Second Book was issued. A edition ends: with the words "Finis Libri Primi," while B edition has "The end of the first Booke." There are numerous typographical variations in the two issues, but in the presenceof the evidence cited they lose importance. So far I have not seen or heard of a copy of Book II. separate from B edition of Book I.,. but in the library of the Inner Temple there is a separate copy of A edition of Book I., and Mr. Collmann at Britwell Court has similar copy. My copy of A edition is very kindly informed me that they have a bound in a modern binding with Book II. The three copies in the British Museum, the two in the Bodleian, the Hoe copy, the Huth copy, and three others which I have had described for me or have seen, are all B editions of Book I. It seems, therefore, certain that the real date of publication of B edition of Book I. was 1616. ON comparing a recently acquired copy of William Browne's Britannia's Pastorals,' [1613]-1616, with another already in my possession, I noticed certain important differences, both typographical and in the text. As far as I am aware, these differences have not been noted, and as those in the text are considerable, they seem worth recording. The textual differences appear to be confined to the first Book,' dated in the preliminary matter 1613. In one copy, which may be called A edition, on the verso of As, in addition to the verses, there is a list of Faults escaped'; in the other, which we may designate B edition, there is no list of faults, and examination shows that all the errors except two have been corrected, and the book has been reprinted throughout, with different printer's ornaments, and a different size type used for the side-notes. All copies of B edition of which I have been able to get descriptions or to see are bound with the second book, dated on the printed title 1616. A few examples of the differences in the text will suffice to show the kind of changes THE RECORDS OF THE CITY LIVERY made in the B edition, but the extent of these can only be realized after a careful examination. 32, Clarges Street, W. E. M. Cox. COMPANIES, &c. (See 11 S. vi. 464; vii. 101, 403, 505;. viii. 144, 386.) I HAVE not had much opportunity of examining Charters of Incorporated Trades belonging to England, but have looked into several Scottish ones. Recently occasion arose for my inquiring into the working of an ancient Scottish charter, and it was surprising to learn the power the trade exercised for good, which was not confined to themselves. They lent money to approved members and others, for which they did not charge exorbitant interest; they built houses, and they took an active part in religious and political matters. Civic management they kept a watchful eye upon, and as early as 1763 they showed their dislike to the law of patronage, which in one instance culminated in a case that went from one ecclesiastical Court to another supported by one party and opposed by another-till it reached the General Assembly, finally resulting in a town's riot. The prices charged by the ordinary retailers of provisions were not overlooked, and we have an instance in which all the incorporated trades of a town combined for the purpose of buying a large quantity of oatmeal, so as to keep down the retailers' price in a time of scarcity. The Tailors' Incorporation of Glasgow in 1756 passed an act to purchase their proportion (which was 700 bolls) of the quantity (4,000 bolls)" agr ed by all the trades of that city, in order to make timeous provision for the threatened scarcity of grain, for the requirements of the Trades." 66 The abolition of the Corn Laws had a trade corporation's support in a comparatively insignificant town of a few thousand people, and this trade gave instructions that their disapproval should be published in the City' Newspaper." In 1784 the same trade joined with the town's magistrates in an address to his Majesty for his "putting off the late Ministre.” But to return to the records :Scriveners.-Were incorporated in 1616; their hall was jointly used by the Coachmakers' Company, the latter being of a later date. The Coachmakers are the sixtieth, and the Scriveners the forty-sixth Company. The hall was on the east side of Noble Street, and is described as a handsome building," &c. Skinners.-Were incorporated in 1325, and confirmed in 1394. They were a wealthy Company, as well as an influential one. Numbered among this fraternity were six kings, five queens, one prince, nine dukes, two earls, and a baron. The really early records must be lost, as the earliest named in previous notes only date from 1496. Stationers.-A numerous and affluent Company, having a capital in the beginning of the eighteenth century of 15,000l. They had | the "sole printing of Almanacs, ABC's, Primmers, Psalters, and most School books. This privilege was granted and confirmed by several kings. They were in existenco before printing, but were incorporated by Philip and Mary, my authority being of date 1691. Tallow Chandlers. - Incorporated 1461; their hall was on the west side of Dowgate Hill: "it was adorned with Pizza's, columns and Arches of the Tuscan Order.' It was considered one of the remarkable places in the parish of St. John Baptist. Turners. Were incorporated in 1603. Their armorial ensigns are Sable, a catherine wheel or. Upholsterers.Date of incorporation not found; their hall was in St. Andrew's parish. They were the fifty-first Company. Vintners.This Company of Free Vintners were incorporated by the name of "Winetunners about 1340, and confirmed by Henry VI. It was the eleventh Company. Their hall was on the south side of Thames Street, near Queen Street. It is described as well built of brick, large and commodious, being three sides of a square. The hall was paved with marble, and the walls richly wainscotted with right wainscot enriched with fruit leaves, &c., finely carved," &c. 66 Watermen. Supposed to be a very old Company, but as to the actual date of its formation or incorporation little, if anything, has been found before 1556, during the reign of Mary. An Act was passed in the latter part of the seventeenth or early in the eighteenth century, in which they are designated the Company of Watermen and Lightermen. Wax Chandlers.-Were incorporated in 1484. Their hall was in Maiden Lane, near to the Haberdashers' Hall. in the Weavers. Were incorporated reign of Henry II., and were confirmed in 1184. There are, of course, several kinds of weavers, but woollen cloth weavers are supposed to be the most ancient. Wheelwrights. I do not find any record of their incorporation-at least, up to the end of the seventeenth century (1697)—and, so far as I can find, they are not included in the sixty-two incorporated Companies existing at the end of the seventeenth century, or that of the eighteenth. Wire Drawers.-I have been unable to trace them to the dates named 11 S. vii. 404. Woodmongers.—According to one authority, they were incorporated 3 King James (1606), and their arms appear in 1691. Museum, compiled 'A Descriptive Catalogue of the Printed Maps of Wiltshire from 1576 to 1885,' which was published in The Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, vol. xxxvii. pp. 211-326; and in October last there was issued, as a separate volume of Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archæological Society, 'A Descriptive Catalogue of the Printed Maps of Gloucestershire, 1577-1911, with Biographical Notes and Illustrations,' also compiled by Mr. Chubb. The Somerset Archæological and Natural History Society expect to publish shortly Mr. Chubb's list of maps of Somerset. It is to be hoped that, with such examples before them, other societies will endeavour to publish similar lists for their respective districts, and that thus in a few years a systematic record of maps of the counties of England will be ROLAND AUSTIN. accomplished. It "CARENT." (See 11 S. iii. 9.)-A query as to the meaning of this word appeared in N. & Q.' at the above reference. of the year 1705. I have recently been was found in a diary of a Scottish minister examining some accounts of about 1700, belonging to a Scottish parish, and find the word @rent constantly mentioned; it is occasionally found written in full, "annual rent," i.e., interest. No doubt the loop of the @ was written like a "C" in the minister's diary. I noticed also that "the above written was contracted to "the @written." A. W. ANDERSON. 66 'CAL. NEWTON FERRERS: ERROR IN INQ. 10 EDW. III.'-In a recent Record Office publication (Cal. of Inquisitions, 10 Edw. III.') Westneyweton, in Cornwall, the home of John, son of Nich. de Ferrariis, is identified as Newton Ferrers. COUNTY MAPS.-Interest in English cartography has received a great impetus through the bibliographies of the maps of certain counties which have been published in recent years. Sir H. G. Fordham must be accorded full recognition for pioneer work in this respect, his valuable lists of maps of Hertfordshire and Cambridgeshire being in the front rank. The former was published in the Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural History Society and Field Club, vol. xi. parts i. and vi., vol. xii. part v., and vol. xiii. part ii., 1901-7, and described the maps of the county from 1579 to 1900. This was followed by an annotated list of maps of Cambridgeshire, 1579-1897, published in the Communications of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society, 1905 and 1908. Both lists were reissued as complete publications in 1908, and form invaluable guides THE ROMAN BATH IN THE STRAND.— to the history of county atlases, &c. In One would naturally think that in a city 1907 Mr. William Harrison published in the like London, which can boast of but few Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Roman remains in situ, the authorities would Antiquarian Society, vol. xxv., Early Maps be anxious to make those that still exist of Lancashire and their Makers.' In 1911 easily accessible. That this is not the case Mr. T. Chubb, of the Map Room, British I was disagreeably surprised to find the This is very misleading, as the latter place is in Devon, and was held by another branch, whose members employed much the same Christian names, and on that account are often hard to distinguish from their Cornish cousins of Callington and West Newton. The latter Newton probably called West from the better-known Newton Ferrers. to distinguish it OLD SARUM. was other day, on trying to revisit the old Roman bath in Strand Lane, regarding which some interesting notes appeared not long ago in N. & Q. I found it was shut up, and on making inquiries in the neighbourhood was told that it is open to the public for only an hour in the week-on Saturday forenoons. On my asking the reason of this, my informant said that it had been "let to a club." This sounds almost incredible, and, if true, seems to require explanation. T. F. D. This demolition and the huge clearance for the Port of London Authority's offices have left only scattered fragments of the older London in this end of the City. Sly & Son's house in Jewry Street and The Hoop and Grapes " in Butchers' Row still survive, but Littlefield's picturesque shop at the corner of Mansell Street was lost last year, and apparently the only record of its appearance is an etching by Mr. Ernest George published in 1883. ALECK ABRAHAMS. HISTORIC COURT": SHEPPEY TREE CUT CHANGES AT ALDGATE PUMP. Aldgate, the most village like part of the City of London, has recently suffered further loss by the demolition of the seventeenth-century wooden house situated east of the Saracen's Head Yard. I have DOWN.-The following is from The Daily written "village-like because even to-day Telegraph of Thursday, the 11th of Decemthe pump, the church, and the High Street ber last :— provide a slight, but pleasant suggestion of rural England. We must seek the Borough, Clerkenwell, or Broad Street, Bloomsbury, for any street alignment or grouping of buildings providing similar urban traces of early rustic life. Mr. Richard Kemp's useful work 'Some Notes on the Ward of Aldgate,' 1904, has an excellent frontispiece showing the south side of Aldgate, from Jewry Street, west to the Pump, in 1862. Nearly all the houses could be attributed to the period covered by the dates 1590-1620, but I cannot trace any published record of their erection. Most of these interesting buildings were taken down before 1885, but Nos. 6 and 7 survived, converted to amazing strange uses, until last November. Originally one house, with a tall projecting front, surmounted by a wooden gallery, having pilasters ornamented with well-carved swags of fruit and flowers, which made it conspicuous, it had, in late years, undergone some very violent repainting, which gave it a garish appearance, somewhat in character with the fried onions and other dishes for strong stomachs prepared in the shop below. Its shape, position, and decorations suggested that it was originally the front of "The Saracen's Head Inn," and Mr. Wheatley (Later Reliques of Old London,' p. 27) records having seen a painting of the head of a fierce Saracen on the front of the house. Mr. T. R. Way's beautiful lithograph in this work is one of many pictorial records of the building. The late Mr. William Smart, the best of the local antiquaries, examined the carvings before one of their many repaintings, and said the work was particularly good, and ought to be preserved at the "The old court' tree, which has existed for centuries on Kingsborough Hill, in the centre of the Isle of Sheppey, has been cut down. The venerable tree died a few years ago, and its remains suffered in the recent gales. "For hundreds of years courts were held under the tree every Whit Monday, only being discontinued in 1856, when the rights of the court over King's Ferry were taken over by the Sheerness over the Swale, the arm of the sea dividing the Railway Company, which constructed a bridge Isle of Sheppey from the mainland of Kent, in place of the ferry. From time immemorial the annual general court and law day in the King's borough, and the homage was there sworn for name was held before the steward of Kingsthe choice of the constable, who held jurisdiction over the island of Sheppey. The election of ferry warden and ferrymen took place under the old tree, and matters relating to the ferry between The jurisdiction of this ancient court was reguSheppey and the mainland were here discussed. lated and enforced by an Act passed in Queen Elizabeth's reign. The ancient records, according to the Act of Queen Elizabeth, were described that courts were held at the very spot on Kingsas from time immemorial,' and it is believed borough Hill from the earliest Saxon times." J. Z. SIR THOMAS DINGLEY.-Dr. Cox ends his list of the Preceptors of Godsfield or Baddesley ( Victoria Hist. of Hampshire,' ii. 188) with Sir William Weston, 1518. In 1531 Sir Roger Boydell held the united Preceptories of Baddesley, Hants, and Friars' Mayne, Dorset, and was succeeded in 1533 by Sir Thomas Dingley (Hutchins, Dorset,' ii. 501). This knight was a native of Hampshire, and a nephew to Sir William Weston, who at this time was Grand Prior of England. In 1535 he was the bearer of a letter from Henry VIII. to the then Grand Master Perin del Pont at Malta, and apparently brought back his reply. On 13 March, Queries. formation on family matters of only private interest WE must request correspondents desiring into affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that answers may be sent to them direct. 6 "TRAVERSE THE CART." This phrase occurs in Thackeray's The Newcomes,' chap. lix. : "The farewell [dinner] at Greenwich was SO affecting that all traversed the cart' and took another farewell at Richmond, where there was crying too, but it was Eucharis cried because fair Calypso wanted to tear her eyes out." I have not seen the expression anywhere else, and shall be glad to have an explanation of its meaning. JAMES A. H. MURRAY. Oxford. [The Editor of The Athenaum informs us that Thackeray was quoting from Prior's 'The Thief and the Cordelier.' Scott used the lines in question as a motto for 'Ivanhoe': 1535/6, Sir Thomas Dingley had licence to depart the realm to serve the duties of his religion with three servants, four horses, and baggage, and apparently took with him a recommendation from the King addressed to Perin del Pont for the next Commandery of Grace that should fall vacant. Perin del Pont having died, a similar letter was sent to the Grand Master Elect, Didier de St. Jalhe, who appointed Sir Thomas to the commandery of Shingay, Cambridgeshire, vacant by the death of Sir Edward Hills, in which he was confirmed by royal grant 19 April, 1537, despite the opposition of Sir Ambrose Cave and Sir Clement West. On 18 Sept., 1537, he was deprived of his commanderies, and committed to the Tower; and before 3 Nov. in that year Baddesley and Mayne had been given to Sir Thomas Seymour, and Shingay bestowed upon Sir Richard Long. His execution was erroneously reported to have taken place before 6 Feb., 1538, and it was supposed that he had been condemned for having said that the King put men to death with avanys moreskys," i.e., apparently, Moorish punishments. He was attainted by 31 Hen. VIII, c. 15 on 18 May, 1539, together with "Robert-In what books or papers or essays may Braunceter, late of London, merchant, and one find information concerning the system now in Italy devising the King's destruc- of personal names (for men and women) in tion," for having been privy to the Pilgrim- India, ancient and modern, and in Iran? age of Grace, and for having moved divers I chiefly mean the social point of view. outward princes to levy war against the A child is born: according to what use Will he retain King," and was beheaded on Tower Hill or principle is he named ? with Blessed Adrian Fortescue, Knight of this name during his whole life? Grace of the same Order, on the 8th or 9th receive another name in the course of life of July, 1539. Both the Grey Friars' for instance, when being of age, or when Will he Chronicle and Wriothesley's give the date becoming an ascetic or a rajah ? 9 July, and allege that two of their servants have more than one name? and a nickwere on the same day drawn from the Tower name? Are any of these names given in to Tyburn, and there hanged, beheaded, memory of the father as a kind of patroand quartered. nymic, or in memory of an ancestor? Are certain names peculiar, by use or by right, to certain castes or classes of the society? "THE TALLEST ONE-PIECE FLAGSTAFF IN By the way, what is the onomastic system THE BRITISH EMPIRE."-The following para-kept up to this day by the Parsees? graph from The Builder, 5 Dec., 1913, seems H. GAIDOZ. worthy of preservation in 'N. & Q.': 66 66 JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT. 66 A COLONIAL FLAGSTAFF. "What is described as the tallest one-piece flagstaff in the British Empire is one that has recently been erected in front of the new Court House at Vancouver. The staff is a product of the British Columbian forests, and is 218 ft. long; it weighs about 11 tons, and at the base is 3 ft. square, and at the top 1 ft. in diameter. The staff is held in its place by guy cables set in concrete beds at each corner of the Court House lawn." Perhaps some of your readers will be able to state whether the claim is a good one. F. H. C. Now fitted the halter, now traversed the cart, Will he 22, rue Servandoni, Paris (VI.). LISTS OF BISHOPS AND DEANS IN CATHEDRALS.-I should be glad to know: 1. In which of our cathedrals a list of the Bishops and Deans, or of either Bishops or Deans, is to be seen in a conspicuous place. 2. Whether the names are inscribed on brass tablets, or otherwise. 3. Whether the particular form in which the lists appear seems to be capable of possible improvement. GEORGE AUSTEN. The Residence, York. |