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discovered in it, ib.; decree on extreme
unction, 197-201; decree on reforma-
tion, 202; arrival of ambassadors from
Maurice of Saxony, 203; a new safe-
conduct demanded by them, ib.; de-
bates thereon, 204-207; reception of
the ambassadors, 206; sundry theolo-
gical discussions, 207; discovery of
an attempt by the legate to procure a
decree entailing absolute bondage to
the Pope, 207-209; fifteenth session-
a new safe-conduct to the Protestants
issued, 209; Ambrose Pelargo's sermon
on the extermination of heretics, ib.;
arrival of Protestant divines, 210; six-
teenth session-suspension of the coun-
cil, 212; observance of its enactments
enjoined, ib.; its resumption resolved
on by Pope Pius IV., 221; the bull of
convocation issued, 223; the council
announced to the sovereigns of Europe,
224; rejected by the Protestants, 226;
appointment of legates, 227; their
arrival at Trent, ib.; measures taken
by the Pope to secure superiority in the
council, 228; seventeenth session, 229;
discussions on prohibited books, 230;
eighteenth session committee on prohi.
bited books appointed, 232; safe-con-
duct to the Protestants issued, 233;
dissatisfaction of the bishops, ib.; vio-
lent debates on residence, 234; new
measures adopted by the Pope to
strengthen his power, 235; nineteenth
session, ib.; arrival of the French am-
bassadors, ib.; their reception, 236;
insults offered to the reforming bi-
shops, 257; extensive reform demanded
by the emperor, 238; twentieth session,
ib.; debates on communion in one
kind, 239-241; memorials presented
on that subject by the Bavarian, Im-
perial, and French ambassadors, 241;
twenty-first session-decree on commu-
nion in one kind, 243-246; remarks
on it, 247; decree on reformation,
248; debates on the mass, 249–252;
the French ambassadors request a
postponement of the session, 252;
their complaints of the want of free-
dom in the council, 253; debates on
the concession of the cup to the laity,
253-256; singular division, 256;
expected arrival of the Cardinal of
Lorraine, 256; agreed to refer the
question of the concession of the cup
to the Pope, 257; twenty-second session
-decree on the mass, 258-266; re-
marks thereon, 272-274; decrees
on abuses in the celebration of the
mass, on reform, and on the concession
of the cup, 275; the Pope sends his

ultimate concessions on reform, 276;
debates on the sacrament of orders,
277; on the divine right of episcopacy,
277-280; division, 280; perplexity
of the legates, 281; arrival of the
Cardinal of Lorraine, ib.; measures
taken by the Pope on that occasion,
282; hopes entertained of the cardinal
by the reforming bishops, 283; bold
speech of the French ambassador, Du
Ferrier, ib.; reform demanded by the
various ambassadors, 284; manœuvres
and intrigues of the Pope against them,
285; rejoicings at Trent and at Rome
on account of the defeat of the Hu-
guenots in France, ib.; the question
of divine right left undecided, 286;
Peter Soto's death, ib.; defection of
the Cardinal of Lorraine, 287; dis-
graceful treatment of the Bishop of
Guadix, ib.; repeated prorogation of
the session, 288; the Spanish ambas-
sador's letter on the state of affairs at
Trent, 288; deaths of the legates
Gonzaga and Seripand, 289; ap-
pointment of the cardinals Navagier
and Moron, ib. ; twenty-third session-
decree on the sacrament of orders, 289—
296; decree on reform, 304; discus-
sions on matrimony, 305; monstrous
measures proposed by the legates, 306;
departure of the French ambassadors,
307; twenty-fourth session, decree on
matrimony, 307-311; observations,
311; general haste to finish the coun-
cil, 330; news of the Pope's illness,
331; twenty-fifth session-decree on
purgatory, ib.; on indulgences, 337; on
the choice of meats and drinks, fasts and
fast-days, 342; on the invocation, ve
neration, and relics of the saints, and
also concerning images, 345-348;
decrees on reform,367-369; the "ac-
clamations" of the fathers, 369; cer-
tain matters referred to the Pope, 370;
catechism of the council, 378-383;
decree respecting the observance of
the enactments of the council, 384;
bull of confirmation issued, 385; vari-
ous reception of its decrees, ib.
Creed (Pope Pius's), 386-389.
Crescentio (Cardinal), legate at Trent,
140; his exhortation to the council,
141; his furious opposition to reform
168, 169; refuses to conciliate the Pro-
testants, 204; endeavours to procure
an acknowledgment of the absolute su-
premacy of the Pope, 207; his rage on
being prevented, 208; his death, 212.
Cup, concession of the, debates on it, 253
256; singular division, 256; referred
to the Pope, 257, 275

Deacons, one of the greater orders, 292
Decalogue, abridged in Roman-catholic
publications, 56

Delphino (Zechariah,) nuncio to Ger-
many, 225

Divine right.-See Bishops
Dominicans, their disputes with the Fran-
ciscans on the immaculate conception,
65-67; on free will, 80; on the sa-
craments, 110; on the eucharist, 144;
their powers and privileges, 317
Drascovitch, 255
Duelling, 368

Ecclesiastical reform. Early attempts to
procure it, 4; demanded by the Ger-
inan states, 9; its necessity confessed
by Pope Paul III., 12; commission
appointed by him, 14; views on the
subject at Trent, 21; mode of pro-
ceeding adopted by the council, 29,
64; resistance of the Pope, 82; stor-
my debates, 112-114; opposition of
Pope Julius III.,146; insult offered to
the Bishop of Verdun, 169; abortive
reforming project of the Pope, 213;
professed zeal of Pope Paul IV., 216;
efforts of the prelates thwarted by the
legates, 233-235; their violent con-
duct, 237; bold speech of the Bava-
rian ambassador, 241; ultimate con-
cessions of the Pope, 276; supposed
opinions of the Cardinal of Lorraine,
282; Du Ferrier's speech, 283; de-
mands of the French ambassadors,
movements and intrigues of
Pope Pius IV., 285, his success, 287;
decrees on reform, 72, 107, 126, 202,
248, 275, 304, 311, 322, 367-369
Elizabeth (Queen of England,) refuses
to acknowledge the Council of Trent,
224

284;

Eucharist, 143; real presence of Christ
in it, 148, 160; design of the sacra-
ment, 149; its superior excellence,
150; veneration due to it, 154, 160;
preserved and carried to the sick, 156,
160; preparation for it, ib.; its use,
157; directions for receiving it, 159;
duty of communicating once a year,
161; power of the church to alter the
mode of receiving it, 244; reception
in one kind lawful, 245; not neces-
sary for children, 246
Eugenius IV. (Pope), 3

Europe. State of religion and morals in
the early part of the sixteenth century,
1-4

Exorcist, one of the minor orders, 291
Extreme unction, 198; its supposed

effects, 199; when and by whom to be
administered, 200; remarks on it, 202

Fæsuli (Bishop of), his boldness at
Trent, 61; forced to ask pardon for it,
62

Faith, how understood at Trent, 77, 88,
96, 97
Fasts, 343
Feasts, 343

Ferdinand (Emperor), 217; his objec-
tions to the council, 222; his de-
mands for reformation, 238
Ferrier (Arnold du), French ambassador
at Trent, 235; his bold speech, 283
Florence (Council of), its decree respect-
ing the power of the Pope, 297
France. Progress of the reformation in
that country, 220; influence of popery
on society, 396

Francis II. (King of France), 220; his
objections to the council, 222
Franciscans, their zeal for the immacu-
late conception, 65-67; their opi-
nions on free-will, 79; on the sacra-
ments, 110; on the eucharist, 144;
their powers and privileges, 317
Free-will, debates thereon, 79; decisions
of the Council of Trent on the subject,
83, 96

Gonzaga (Hercules), legate at Trent,
227; his death, 289
Grace, 84, 88, 89

Granada (Archbishop of), 229, 233,
234

Gregory XII. (Pope), 3

Gregory XVI. (Pope), his idolatrous
attachment to the Virgin Mary, 357
Grievances, the hundred, 9
Gropper (John), 146
Guadix (Bishop of), 287

Henry II. (King of France), his protest
against the Council of Trent, 142
Heresy, its guilt, 37, 38; its extermina-
tion advocated, 210; decree of the

third Council of Lateran on that sub-
ject, 412-415
Hierarchy, 294, 296

Idolatry, popery chargeable with it,
348-354, 360–362

Images of saints to be venerated, 346;

their use, 347; abuses to be corrected,
ib.; remarks, 360-362
Immaculate conception of the Virgin
Mary, 65-67; decree at Trent there-
on, 71

Index of prohibited books, its rules,
370-875; authors inserted in it, 375;
Spanish indexes, 376-378
Indulgences, 336; explained by Pope
Leo X., 337; decree at Trent on the
subject, 337; terms of obtaining them

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Jesuits, their origin, 324; their objects,
326; privileges and laws, ib.; cha-
racter of the institution, 327; its sup-
pression, 328; revival, ib.; present
state, 329; college in Lancashire, ib.
John XXIII. (Pope), 3

Jubilee, when instituted, 340; its pre-
sumed blessings, 341

Julius III. (Pope), his election, 136;
determines to re-assemble the coun-
cil, 137; issues the bull for that pur-
pose, 138; his instructions to the
Legate, 170; his abortive attempts at
reform, 213; his death, 214
Justification, debates at Trent on the
subject, 74-78; defined, 84; prepa-
ration for it, 85, 96; further explained,
86-88, 97; how faith justifies, 88,
97; the increase of justification, 89;
its fruits, 93, 98-100; remarks on
the decree, 100-105; varying opi-
nions among the divines, 107

Lainez, 251, 255, 280

Lanssac (M. de), French Ambassador at

Trent, 235; his remarks on the want
of freedom there, 236, 253
Lateran, third Council of, its decree re-
specting heretics, 412-415
Lectures on divinity, debates at Trent on
the right of delivering them, 61–64;
decree on the subject, 72

Leo X. (Pope), condemns Luther, 6;
his death, 8

Leo XII. (Pope), his remarks on the
Bible Society, 51

Lippoman, nuncio at Trent, 140
Lorraine (Cardinal of), his arrival at
Trent dreaded, 256, 281; opinions
ascribed to him, 282; his reception at
the council, 283; his defection from
the cause of reform, 287; leads the
"acclamations" of the fathers, 369

Luna (Count de), his letter to Philip
II. on the state of affairs at Trent,

288
Luther, his attack on indulgences, 5;
appeals to a general council, ib.;
burns the decretals, &c., 7; his ap-
pearance at the diet of Worms, ib.;
translates the New Testament, 8

Mantua, council summoned there, 13
Marcellus II. (Pope), 214
Martin V. (Pope), 3

Mass, explained, 249; debates on the
subject, 249-252; its institution,
258, 265; sacrifice of the mass pro-
pitiatory, 259, 266; to be offered in
honour of the saints, 261, 266; canon
of the mass, ib. ; ceremonies and vest-
ments used in its celebration, 262, 266;
private masses, 263, 266; the mass
not to be celebrated in the vulgar
tongue, 264, 266; mode of celebra-
tion, 266-272; abuses to be cor-
rected, 275

Massarelli, secretary of the Council of
Trent, 141, 227
Matrimony, 305; declared a sacrament,
308; power of the church respecting
it, 309; the marriage-bond indisso-
luble, 310; unlawful for persons in
holy orders, ib.; sundry enactments
respecting it, 311

Maurice of Saxony, sends ambassadors to
Trent, 203; takes up arms against
Charles V., 211

Maximilian I. (Emperor), 5; his death,7
M'Hale (Dr.), 52

Melancthon, 106, 140

Mendicant orders, 61, 317

Mendoza, imperial ambassador at Trent,
22

Merit, 93-95, 96-98, 103-105, 187,
191

Milner (Dr.), 105
Miracles, 364-366

Monasteries, their reformation decreed
at Trent, 322

Monasticism, its origin, 314; varieties,
315; reformed by Benedict, 316; sub-
sequent corruption, ib.; mischievous
tendencies, 318-321; greatly fa-
voured by the popes, 321
Monks, 319

Monte (Cardinal De), legate at Trent, 21
professes great concern for reform, 29;
his treatment of the Bishop of Fæsuli,
62; his haughty demeanour, 112;
chosen Pope, 136.-See Julius III.
Moron (Cardinal), 15, 219; appointed
Legate at Trent, 289

Navagier (Cardinal), 289

Nicene creed, 32
Nicholas V. (Pope), 3
Nuns, 320-322
Nuremburg, diet at, 8

Orders (sacrament of), discussions on
that subject, 277-279; number of the
orders, 290; their sacramental power,
291; said to impress a character, 293
Ordination, ceremonies used therein,

291-293; conferred only by bishops,
294; qualifications of candidates,
304

Original sin, discussions on that subject,
decree of the council, 68-71

64;
Osius (Stanislaus), legate at Trent, 227

Parisi (Cardinal), 15
Pascal, 38

Passau, peace of, 215, 220
Paul-II. (Pope), 3

Paul III. (Pope), professes great desire
for a council, 12; summons one, 13;
prorogues it, 14; appoints a com-
mission to inquire into abuses, ib.;
summons a council at Trent, 15; es-
tablishes the inquisition at Rome, 16;
his intolerant letter to Charles V., 17;
summons the council again, 18; his
designs respecting it, 21; appoints a
committee to watch its proceedings,
26; enlarges the committee, 61; forms
an alliance with Charles V. against
the Protestants, 73; his joy at the
transference of the council to Bologna,
130; his death, 135

Paul IV. (Pope), his election, 214;

his extravagant pretensions, 216; pro-
fesses great concern for reform, ib.;
proposes to hold a council at Rome,
217; refuses to acknowledge the em-
peror Ferdinand, 218; issues a vio-
lent decree against heretics, ib.; his
cruelty and violence in connexion with
the inquisition, ib.; discontent of his
subjects, 219; his death, 221
Penance, 92, 171, 188; its difference

from baptism, 173; its fruits, 174,
189; works of penance meritorious,
187, 191

Perseverance, 91, 98

Pighino, nuncio at Trent, 140
Pius II. (Pope), 3

Pius IV. (Pope), his election, 221;
proposes to re-assemble the council,
222; issues the bull for that purpose,
223; corresponds with the sovereigns
of Europe, 224; sends nuncios to
Germany, 225-227; appoints legates,
227; urges the King of France to ex-
terminate the Protestants, ib.; his ar-
rangements to secure the management

of the council, 228, 235; his deter-
mined aversion to reform, 237; his
reluctant concessions, 276; adopts
measures to thwart the Cardinal of
Lorraine, 282; his continual inter-
ference with the prelates at Trent,
285, 286; his illness hastens the ter-
mination of the council, 331; con-
firms the council, 385; publishes the
catechism, 378; and the creed called
by his name, 386-389.

Pius VII. (Pope), his remarks on the
Bible Society, 51

Pluralities, 112; decree thereon, 126
Poissy, conference at, 228

Pole (Cardinal), 14; appointed legate,
15; re-appointed, 21; prosecuted for
heresy, 219

Popery, chargeable with idolatry, 348—
354, 360-362; hostile to education
and science, 376; opposed to the
scripture doctrine of grace, 391; in-
compatible with spiritual worship,
392; its immoral tendencies, 393; its
intolerance, 394; its injurious influ-
ence on society, 396; its antichristian
assumptions, 397; its tendency to
infidelity, ib.; remarks on its rise and
progress, 400-406; its present state,
465-471

Pope, his infallibility, 36, 294; decree of
the Council of Florence respecting
his power, 297; the transalpine and
cisalpine opinions on that subject, 298;
Cardinal Bellarmine's lectures thereon,
299-301; honours paid to the Pope,
302; his temporal government, 303;
chronological list of the popes, 409—

411

Porter, one of the minor orders, 290
Prayers to the saints, 105, 345
Predestination, debates on it at Trent,
80; confidence therein forbidden, 91
Priesthood, its power among Roman
Catholics, 192; its divine institution,
289; distinction between internal and
external priesthood, 294; degrees of
dignity therein, ib.

Priests, their exclusive power to adminis-

ter the eucharist, 158; to hear confes-
sion, 182, 191; to administer extreme
unction, 200; their ordination, 292
Printing, restrictions thereon, 47, 370—
375
Protestantism, 19; its triumphant pro-
gress, 220

Protestants, origin of the term, 10;
reject the Council of Trent, 22, 39;
compelled by Charles V. to promise
submission to the council, 132; their
dissatisfaction with the bull of Pope
Julius III., 139; appoint ambas-

sadors and divines, 140; their ap-
pearance much dreaded at Trent, 145;
safe-conduct issued for them, 164;
rejected, 166; arrival of some of the
ambassadors, 169, 203; a new safe-
conduct demanded, 204; evasion of
the demand, 205; the ambassadors
admitted to an audience, 206; arrival
of six of the divines, 210; their liber-
ties confirmed by the peace of Passau,
215, 220; refuse to acknowledge the
council, 225-227

Purgatory, 331-333; its profitableness

to the priesthood, 334; peculiar cus-
toms and privileges in Italy and Spain,
335

Readers, one of the minor orders, 291
Reform.-See Ecclesiastical Reform.
Reformation, early attempts at it, 4;
commenced by Luther, 5; suppressed
in Italy, 16; its progress in Europe,

19

Regulars, their encroachments on
episcopal power, 61; decree at Trent
on the subject, 63, 72.

Relics, 358; at Rome, ib.; at the
church of the Escurial, in Spain, 360
Reserved cases, 183

Residence enjoined on ecclesiastics, 107;
divine right of, debated, 234; further
decree, 304

Ricci, the reformer of Tuscany, 319
Rosary, 363

Sacraments, their number, 109, 115;
held to confer grace, 110, 115, 116;
necessity of the intention of the minis-
ter, 111, 116; necessary to salvation,
115; tendency of the Romish doctrines
to exalt the priesthood, 117

Sacrifice of Christ, said to be offered in
the supper as well as on the cross,
251, 258

Sadolet (Cardinal), 14
Safe-conduct, granted by the Council of

Trent to the Protestants, 164; re-
jected by them, 166; a new one de-
manded, 204; conduct of the council
on that occasion, 205; issue of the
new one, 209; another issued on the
resumption of the council, 233; decree
of the Council of Constance on the
subject, 416

Saints, masses to be celebrated in their

honour, 261; their festal days re-
garded more than the sabbath, 344;
invocation of saints enjoined, 345;
their relics to be honoured, 346; their
images to be venerated, ib.; supposed
power of some saints over diseases,
349; saint-worship chargeable with

idolatry, 349-352; pretended mira-
cles wrought by the saints, 365
Salmeron (Alphonso), 239, 277
Santa Croce (Cardinal), legate at Trent,
21; his extreme care in preparing the
decree on justification, 81; chosen
Pope, 214

Satisfaction, a part of penance, 184; its
presumed efficacy, 187-191

St. Januarius, 365

St. Peter's chair, 359
Scapular, 362

Scriptures, discussions on their autho-
rity, 40-42; the right of interpreting
them disputed, 44; decree at Trent,
44-48; Roman-catholic canon of
scripture, 49; practice of the church
of Rome, 51-53; restrictions on the
interpretation of scripture, 53-55;
corruptions of the Romish version,
56; case of the Bourdeaux Testament,
57-60; rules of the "Index," on the
translation and interpretation of scrip-
ture, 371

Seripand (Cardinal), legate at Trent,
227, 233; his death, 289

Simonetta (Cardinal), 13; appointed
legate at Trent, 227; his opposition
to reform, 237; that subject commit-
ted to his care, 277
Sixtus IV. (Pope), 3

Soto (Peter), 107, 278, 286
Spain, amount of its ecclesiastical popu-
lation, 321; customs and privileges
respecting purgatory, 335, special in-
dulgences granted to that country,
339; its indexes of prohibited books,
376-378

Spanish bishops, their determined zeal
for reform, 112, 113, 127
Spire, diets at, 10, 15, 17
Sponsors, 122

Sub-deacon, one of the greater orders,
291

Tax-book of the Roman chancery, 342
Tonsure, its origin and meaning, 290
Tradition, 40-42; equalled with scrip-
ture, 45; its origin and use in the
Romish church, 50

Transubstantiation, 144; defined, 152,
160; remarks on it, 162

Trent, council summoned at, 15; sus.
pended, ib.; summoned again, 18;
description of the city, 19; its salu.
brity, 129.-See Council of Trent,
Trent (Cardinal of), advocates reforma-
tion, 29

Vargas, his remarks on the opposition
of the legates at Trent to all reform,
27, 146, 164, 168, 170, 203, 208; disco-

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