Hardy appears in the Army Lists as cornet, 6 July, 1792; captain, 30 Oct., 1793; lieutenant-colonel commandant, 26 Sept.,

In The Gentlemen's Magazine, vol. lxvii., March, 1797, p. 252, appears this notice :Sept., 1796. At St. Lucia, of the yellow fever, in his 37th year, Lieut.-Colonel Commandant Thomas Cartaret [sic] Hardy, of the Royal York Fusiliers. He was a gallant and an active officer; and in his death his country and his friends have sustained an almost irreparable loss. The writer of this well knew his worth."

I will now add a few details connecting the family of Thomas Carteret Hardy with more recent times.

The Rev. Daniel Lysons, M.A., F.R.S., of Hempsted Court, the celebrated topographer and antiquary, author of ' Magna Britannia,' &c., b. 23 April, 1762, m. first at Bath, 12 May, 1801, Sarah, eldest dau. of Lieut.Col. Thomas Carteret Hardy of the York Fusiliers, and by her (who d. 1808) had issue: (1) Daniel, d. 1814, aged 10 years; (2) Samuel, of Hempsted (see below); (3) Sarah, b. 1802, m. 5 Oct., 1831, to the Rev. John Haygarth, Rector of Upham, Hants, and d. 18 May, 1833, having had issue a dau. (Josepha, d. unm. 1846); (4) Charlotte, b. 1807, m. at Naples, 14 Nov., 1825, to Sir James Carnegie, Bart., of Southesk, N.B., and d. April, 1848, having with other issue a son, James, Earl of Southesk.

The Rev. Samuel Lysons, of Hempsted Court, co. Gloucester, J.P., b. 17 March, 1806; m. first, 1 Jan., 1834, Eliza Sophia Theresa Henrietta, eldest dau. of MajorGeneral Sir Lorenzo Moore, K.C.H. and C.B., and by her (who d. 1846) had issue : (1) Arthur Charles, b. 1836, d. 1855. (2) Lorenzo George, b. 1839, late captain 23rd Regiment, adjutant 1st Battalion Aberdeenshire Volunteers. (3) Edmund Hicks Beach, b. 1842, lieutenant R.M. (4) Daniel George, b. 1844; B.A.Oxon, in Holy Orders; m. 7 April, 1869, Katherine Anne, fourth dau. of Thomas C. Eyton, Esq., of Eyton Hall: (i.) Alice Elizabeth. (ii.) Clementina Agnes, m. to the Rev. Francis John Atwood. Samuel Lysons m. secondly, 11 March, 1847, Lucy, dau. of the Rev. John Adey Curtis (by Albinia Frances his wife, who, after the death of her husband, assumed her family name of Hayward in addition to Curtis, in compliance with a request in her father's will). He m. thirdly, in 1872, Gertrude Savery, second dau. of Simon Adams Beck, of Cheam, Surrey. Mr. Lysons graduated at Exeter College, Oxford, B.A. 1831, M.A. 1835. He was Rector and

Patron of Rodmarton, Gloucestershire, appointed 1833, resigned 1866; Rural Dean of Gloucester 1865, Hon. Canon Gloucester Cathedral 1867. He died at Hempsted Court, 27 March, 1877.

General Sir Daniel Lysons (1816-98), Constable of the Tower until recent years, was the son of Daniel Lysons the topoHe grapher (supra) by his second wife. d. 29 Jan., 1898, and by his first wife, Harriet Sophia, d. of Charles Bridges, Court House, Overton, he had four sons, one of whom, Henry Lysons (Scottish Rifles), obtained the Victoria Cross in the Zulu War of 1879.

I feel sure that some of the descendants of Thomas Carteret Hardy will be able to substantiate, or otherwise, the story in question. A. L. HUMPHREYS.

187, Piccadilly, W.

THE KINGDOM OF FIFE (11 S. x. 449).The origin of this expression cannot apparently be traced. Sheriff Mackay in his History of Fife and Kinross,' indeed, says (pp. 1 and 2) that its physical geography "confirms the traditionary history that Fife had been one of the many separate kingdoms of the Picts." Later on in his book, however, he says (p. 263):

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"[The expression] The Kingdom is itself very nearly, if not quite, a proverb......It is old, it is brief, it is never forgotten, its origin is lost...... When and where within its bounds was there a single king who held it as his kingdom?......Fife must be content to be a kingdom without a king."

See "The County Histories of Scotland," Fife and Kinross' (Edinburgh and London, William Blackwood & Sons, 1896). T. F. D.

BESZANT FAMILY (11 S. x. 270).-Many French families have a dolphin or dolphins in their arms; among them may be mentioned Banton, Dantil, Feugerolles, De Caverson, Guilabert, Poisson de Gastines, Dauphin. I have never heard or read of any restriction on the use of the dolphin as a figure in French arms, and would much like to know the source of the information furnished to the Encyclopædia Britannica (1799). No family named Beszant bearing a dolphin for arms is known to me.

6

LEO C.

DETECTIVES IN FICTION (11 S. x. 469).I dimly remember being greatly interested, some sixty years ago, in Recollections of a Police-Officer' in Chambers's Edinburgh Journal. The hero's name was, I think, Waters or Walters, and his stories were enjoyed both by me and by my grandfather. ST. SWITHIN.

·

FIELDING'S TOM JONES': ITS GEOGRAPHY (11 S. ix. 507; x. 191, 253, 292, 372). -There is another passage in 'Tom Jones where Fielding was very probably referring to the battle of Malplaquet

"For surely the gentlemen of the Esculapian art are in the right in advising, that the moment the disease has entered at one door, the physician should be introduced at the other; what else is meant by that old adage : 'Venienti occurrite morbo'? Oppose a distemper at its first approach.' Thus the doctor and the disease meet in fair and equal conflict; whereas by giving time to the latter, we often suffer him to fortify and entrench himself, like a French army; so that the learned gentleman finds it very difficult, and sometimes impossible to come at the enemy."-Book v. chap. vii.

Possibly Fielding might again have been thinking of this battle in book vi. chap. xii. :

Sophia soon returned to his imagination, and allayed the joy of his triumph with no less bitter pangs than a good-natured general must feel when he surveys the bleeding heaps, at the cost of whose blood he hath purchased his laurels."

The very heavy losses of the allied forces at Malplaquet, which were about twice as numerous as those of the defeated army, were due to a delay of two days having enabled the French to construct formidable

entrenchments.

EDWARD BENSLY.

MEDALLIC LEGENDS (11 S. x. 28, 48, 68, 89, 109, 315, 356).-No. 138, on p. 109, Tantum calcaribus opus,' is apparently based on a criticism attributed to Isocrates, which is mentioned several times in Latin literature. See Cicero, Epist. ad Att.,' VI. i. 12; De Oratore,' III. ix. 36; Brutus,' 56, 204. But the passage the wording of which bears most resemblance to the above motto is in Quintilian, II. viii. 11 :

"Clarissimus ille præceptor Isocrates......cum de Ephoro atque Theopompo sic iudicaret, ut alteri frenis alteri calcaribus opus esse diceret." The same criticism on pupils of opposite dispositions is attributed to Plato and Aristotle in Diogenes Laertius, IV. ii. 2, and V. ii. 7 (39). EDWARD BENSLY.

'THE TITLED NOBILITY OF EUROPE' (11 S. x. 419).—In your kind notice of this work your reviewer says that the canting position of the inescutcheon in the Belgian arms, and the substitution of a bird for the familiar crowned stockfish of Iceland in the Danish shield, require some explanation."

out (11 S. x. 447) that the Iceland arms A correspondent has already pointed have recently been changed, and that the quartering as given by me is correct; and I shall be glad if you will allow me to say that the Belgian arms are an exact reproduction of those sent me by the private secretary to the King of the Belgians, and were approved by His Majesty.

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As to the question of supporters not having been served out impartially," I would call your reviewer's attention to the fact that certain sovereigns do not use them. I went into this question fully with the Spanish authorities, and was assured that His Catholic mantle. In nearly every case the arms Majesty had none. The same applies to the supplied, and I considered it best to follow given are reproduced from drawings officially these exactly. The statement that France only ducal titles as yet appear "is doubtless a slip, as hundreds of others are included. THE EDITOR

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"TITLED NOBILITY OF EUROPE."

HERALDRY OF LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL (11 S. x. 467).-Arms: 1. Bellomont or Beaumont, Earl of Leicester. Robert, 2nd Earl, was Canon Regular of Leicester (d. 1167). 2. De Montford, Earl of Leicester. 3. Welsh origin. Could it be Leoline, Prince of N. Wales? 4. Perhaps Vermandois. E. E. COPE.

FIRE AND NEW-BIRTH (11 S. viii. 325, 376, 418, 454; ix. 14, 113; x. 472).—Although not presumably connected with the action of fire, I should like to record a curious phenomenon which came under my notice nearly ten years ago. When I took up my residence here in 1905, I broke up to use as a garden some turf land which had been devoted to grazing purposes for quite thirty years previously. It lay broken during the winter, and in the following spring was literally covered with the common fumitory (Fumaria officinalis). The seeds must have lain dormant beneath the turf for the whole of the period mentioned, as this plant is rarely, if ever, seen on any but cultivated ground or in hedgerows. Although I invariably destroy every specimen I see, I am still troubled with this lively weed. JOHN T. PAGE. Long Itchington, Warwickshire.

AUTHOR WANTED (11 S. x. 488).-It might assist a reply to GLADSTONIAN'S query if he could state whether it was Samuel Tinsley & Co. or Tinsley Brothers who published the skit, 'Hair-Splitting as a Fine Art.' Both firms were, I believe, in existence at the date named. CECIL CLARKE.

BORSTAL (11 S. x. 488).-'A Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect,' by W. D. Parish and W. F. Shaw, describes Borstal as A pathway up a hill, generally a very steep one. I suggest, however, it is derived from Forstal a farmyard before a house, a paddock near a farmhouse, a small opening in a street or lane, not large enough to be called a common.

In Kent there are many-two near Canterbury and Herne Bay. I know Hicks Forstall and Hunters Forstall.

E. C. BLISS.

Oak Lodge, West Wickham, Kent. THE HEIGHT OF ST. PAUL'S (11 S. x. 388, 434, 474). According to Longman, Three Cathedrals dedicated to St. Paul,' 1873, p. 165: "The height of the Cathedral from the Street on the South side to the top of the Cross is 365 feet." The capitals are copied from the book. S. L. PETTY.

SHAKESPEARIANA : "HALLOOING " (11 S. x. 427). Falstaff means shouting. Compare "Twelfth Night,' I. v. 289-92:

Write loyal cantons of contemned love,

And sing them loud even in the dead of night;
Halloo your name to the reverberate hills,
And make the babbling gossip of the air.

W. H. PINCHBECK.

ALPHABETICAL NONSENSE: ALLITERATIVE JINGLES (11 S. x. 468).-The incomplete set of lines given by your correspondent AITCHO would seem to be one of the variants of a kind of alliterative jingle used in playing forfeit games by children at Christmastime or other suitable occasions. One of the children, who knows the game, commences by giving out the first line, which is repeated by the others in turn (all being seated round the fire). The leader then gives out the second line, followed by the repetition of the first one, which then goes the round as before. The rest of the lines then follow, each in turn going the circuit of the party, followed by a backward repetition of the preceding lines, till the last line has been repeated, in a similar way to the well-known House that Jack Built' and 'The Old Woman and her Pig.' I think the proper complement should consist of twelve lines.

By the time that the last line has been reached some one's memory is sure to become confused, and a mistake is made in the repetition, for which, amidst general laughter, a forfeit is claimed.

The following variant from a Dorset source appears in a paper on 'Dorsetshire Children's Games' which I contributed to The Folk-Lore Journal in 1889 (p. 243), and which, as that part may not be readily accessible to your correspondent, I here give :

One old ox opening oysters.

Two toads totally tired trying to trot to Tewkesbury.

Three tame tigers taking tea.
Four fat friars fishing for frogs.
Five fairies finding fireflies.
Six soldiers shooting snipe.

Seven salmon sailing in Solway.

Eight elegant engineers eating excellent eggs. Nine nimble noblemen nibbling nonpareils (apples).

Ten tall tinkers tasting tamarinds.
Eleven electors eating early endive.

Twelve tremendous tale-bearers telling truth. Whilst giving other instances of forfeit jingles, I there referred to a very different variant of this one in Halliwell's 'Nursery Rhymes' (1846), No. ccxxvii., and I have no doubt that other variants exist in other counties. J. S. UDAL, F.S.A.

The version known to me is as follows:-
One old ox opening oysters.

Two toads totally tried trying to trot to Tidsbury.
Three thick thumping tigers taking toast to tea.
Four finicky fishermen fishing for finny fish.
Five fat friars fanning fainting fleas.
Six significant swells sailing to Sanika.
Seven Severn salmon severally swallowing
shrimps.

Eight elephants elegantly eating eels.
Nine needy noblemen needing nothing.
Ten tinkering tinkers tinkering tinder-boxes.
F. W.
Derby.

One old Oxford ox opening oysters. Two tall tigers totally tired trying to trot to Tenbury.

Three thirsty tailors tickling trout.

Four fat friars fanning fainting flies.

Five frippery Frenchmen foolishly fishing for frogs.

Six sportsmen shooting snipe.

Seven Severn salmon swallowing shrimps. Eight Englishmen eagerly examining Europe. Nine nimble noblemen nibbling nonpareils. Ten tinkers tinkling tinder-boxes with ten tenpenny tacks. Eleven elephants elegantly equipped. Twelve typographical topographers typically translating types.

I have never seen this in type, but above is my recollection of sixty years and upwards. İVEL.

The lines I have in mind run as follows:-
One old ox opening oysters.

Two toads totally tired trying to trot to Tetbury.
Three thick thumping tigers tickling trout.
Four fat friars fanning a fainting fly.

Five fairy farriers flying to France for fashions.
Six........

Seven Severn salmon severally swallowing swine. Eight elephants elegantly equipped...... Nine nimble noblemen nibbling nectarines. Ten tinkers tinkling on ten tinder - boxes with ten tenpenny tacks.

Eleven eager Englishmen elaborately examining Europe.

Twelve typographical typographers typographically transposing type.

The blanks represent a regretted lapse of

memory.

JOHN T. PAGE.

AN ENGLISH CHURCHMAN.

MODERN ADVOCATE OF DRUIDISM (11 S. x. 408, 456).-It is hardly likely that the Rev. Evan Pan Jones ("Dr. Pan," as he is commonly called) advocates, or has advocated, the religion of the ancient Druids,' though, being an enthusiastic Welshman and a poet, he may possibly have imitated some of their practices. Nor has he, so far as I know, ever been " Archdruid." The office and title of Archdruid are conferred (I believe) by the Gorsedd, and are held for life. The present occupant is the Rev. Evan Rees ("Dyfed "), whose predecessor in the office

DE TASSIS, THE SPANISH AMBASSADOR TEMP. JAMES I. (11 S. x. 488).-The fact that there are two Villa Mediana titles in Spain has doubtless confused your correspondent.

1713 is the date of the creation of the Marquessate of Villa Mediana, now held by Don Francisco de Lara y Fontanellas, who in 1884 also succeeded as Marquess of Casa The County Fontanellas (creation 1849).

of Villa Mediana (now written Villamediana) was conferred on Don Juan de Tassis in 1603, and is now vested in Don Diego del Alcázar

Y. Guzmán, Marquess of Peñafuente (creation 1706). His address is 2, Plaza de San Andrés, Madrid.

I have sent the inquiry on to Don Santiago Otero, editor of the Revista de Historia y de Genealogia Española, and will endeavour to answer your correspondent more fully later RUVIGNY.

on.

a

REGENT CIRCUS (11 S. x. 313, 373, 431, 475). I am obliged to MR. FROST for his correction at the last reference. I find in books, e.g., Peter Cunningham's 'Handbook for London,' 1850, that Piccadilly is " street....running east and west from the top of the Haymarket to Hyde Park Corner." So it appears in Fairburn's Plan of London and Westminster,' 1796, i.e., long before But in Wallis's Regent Street was made. Guide to Strangers through London and its Environs' (Plan), 1824, the name "Piccadilly does not cross the Circus; in Weale's Map, 1851, it does not cross, while “ Coventry S." extends from near to the Circus across the top of the Haymarket to Princes Street; in the map issued with 'Cassell's Illustrated Guide to London,' 1862, the name Piccadilly" ends at Sackville Street, at the Circus appears "Reg. Cir.," and closely following is " Coventry St.," easily covering the top of the Haymarket; in Bacon's Map of London, in an edition preceding the alterations at the Circus, and in one published after the alterations (neither dated), the name Piccadilly" ends west of Sackville Street; at the Circus, Regent Street (i.e., Lower) is at right angles, and almost

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