even such a course would have involved. More, evidently, must be done than to convey immediate supplies of food to the perishing. Legislation on a large scale-legislation summary and stringent-legislation affecting deeply and extensively the rights of property may be called for and absolutely required. The Irish proprietors, we observe, have already joined in an alliance-an alliance new to their country, and most auspicious in the circumstance that all party distinctions have been forgotten and set aside. And if it shall appear, as we trust it shall, that the great animating impulse leading on to that alliance has been a high and patriotic design, not merely instantly to relieve the suffering, but to take advantage of the singular occasion Divine Providence has supplied them with for promoting the material, social, and moral amelioration of the great body of the Irish communitythen, by that strength which such a large compact parliamentary phalanx can command and can employ, great things for their country may be done by them; and to her own sons may that country owe the greatest service which has ever yet been rendered to her! But, if it shall appear that the protection of their own private interests has been weighing more with them than a regard to the general good, and if they shall at all attempt to use that new power which this new union gives to them, either to dictate to the Minister, or to thwart any right measure of the Government-then should we be prepared for it, that party distinctions should be forgotten elsewhere as well as in Ireland, and that all true and intelligent well-wishers for Ireland's good shall co-operate in the carrying through of some large and wholesome legislative enactments, whereby, whilst the rights of the proprietors were sufficiently regarded, security should be taken that the duties connected with these rights should be henceforth efficiently discharged. Nothing, we are persuaded, will tempt England (and it is to England that Ireland now must look) to hesitate for a moment, or falter or turn, by a single step, aside from going forth to pluck so many of her starving subjects from the jaws of death; but we shall not blame her, if she take all due care that her bounty be so administered as to convey other and future and permanent benefits to those whom she presently delivers and our hope and prayer is, that she may find out a way, in this the hour of Ireland's greatest weakness, by some new and kindly treatment, to nurture her into a new and abiding strength.
"What should hinder us," said Berkeley in 1735, to his brother Irishmen, "from exerting ourselves, using our hands and brains-doing something or otherman, woman, and child, like the other inhabitants of God's earth?" The same question might well have been asked every year since. Shall this year see it answered?
SIXTH VOLUME OF THE NORTH BRITISH REVIEW.
A. Anglo-Normans, the bondage in which they held the Saxons, 432-battle of Hastings, 436, 437-confiscation, and robberies committed by them, 438, 439- dishonest behaviour of the Norman go- vernment, 443-the Pope sends three legates to Normanize the Church, 444— Lanfranc is elected primate, 445-justice of Guimond, a Norman monk, to the Saxons, 446-the Norman nobility, 463, -absolutism in the reigns of Henry VIII. and Elizabeth, 464-origin of Magna Charta, 465-origin of the House of Commons, 465, 466-triumph of the English language over Norman French, 467, 468-revival of Latin in England after the Conquest, 469-our present language a mixture of Norman and Saxon, 470, 471-manners of the Anglo-Nor- mans, 471, 472.
Anglo-Saxon Church-was fashioned after the Roman model, 10-manner of ad- ministering the sacraments, 10, 11-in- dulgences, 11-decline of religion during the Danish invasions, 12-the Anglo- Norman essentially the same as the Anglo-Saxon Church, 13- Lanfranc's treatment of Saxon bishops, 14-support of the clergy, 20-a portion of the tithes intended for the poor, 21-patronage, 22. Arago, M., his Eloge on Watt, 476. Astronomy, Revelations of,-ignorance for- merly styled the mother of devotion, now Science is the handmaid of religion, 206- 208 imperfect reliance on the facts and deductions of science, 209, 210-contents of "Cycle of celestial objects," by Cap- tain Smith, 211-Dr. Nicholl's work " some important points relating to the sys- tem of the world," 211,212-the Sun, 212 -Mercury, Venus, 213, 214-the Earth, 214, 215-Mars and the five smaller planets, 216, 217-Jupiter, 217-Saturn, Uranus, 218, 219-discovery of a new planet in 1846, 219-222—-comets, 225-231.
-measures of celestial magnitudes and distances, 231, 232-number of visible stars, 232-double and coloured stars, 233-239-nebular hypothesis, 239-240- inquiry as to what is the structure and object of our own system, 241-probable analogy between our own and other worlds, 242, 243-coral rocks and islands in the Pacific and Indian oceans, 244- 246-islands rising and subsiding in dif- ferent parts of the ocean, and results de- duced therefrom, 246-248-arrangement of the different geological formations, 250 -systems of mountain chains according to their age, 250-254-immensity of the universe and littleness of man, 254-255. Augustine--has no claim to the title of the apostle of England, 6-his ambition, and charges against the Britons, 8.
Ballads, Book of Scottish, by Alexander Whitelaw, 25.
Barbour, John-popularity of his work, 130 -extracts from his writings, 131-134. Becket, Thomas à,—his education, and popu- larity with the Norman barons, 456, 457 -he is created archbishop by Henry, 458, 459-bis banishment and death, 460, 462. Blagden, Dr.,-letter from, on the composi- tion of water, 485, 486-appointed se- cretary of the Royal Society, 504. Britain, Review of the destiny of, 16, 17. Britons, their estimation of the Saxons, 5
their friendship with the Scots, 7- difference with the Normans regarding the tonsure, 9. Brougham, Lord,—gives Watt the credit of the discovery of the composition of water, 479.
Carlyle, Thomas,—his admiration of the lof- ty intellects of Germany, 325-328. Cavendish, Mr., Mr. Harcourt and Dr. Whewell assign to him the merit of the
discovery of the composition of water, 476, 482-his ungenerous conduct to- wards Watt, 505. Christian Education,-its effects in raising the standard of comfort and enjoyment among the people, 114. Christianity, introduction of into Britain, 1-it is modified by the character, insti- tutions, and situation of its professors, 17-19. Collection of Songs and Ballads relative to the London apprentices and trades, &c., during the reigns of Henry VIII, Eliza- beth, and James I., edited by Charles Mackay, Esq., for the Percy Society, 25. Collection of Old Ballads anterior to the reign of Charles I., edited by J. Payne Collier, Esq., for the Percy Society, 25. Collier, J. P., See Collection of Old Ballads,
&c. Cousin, M.-his strictures on the philosophy
of Kant, 297-direct apperception of the Creator, 299-his Cartesianism, 301- his controversy with Sir W. Hamilton, 304.
Cowley, Abraham-the idol of the age in which he lived, 365-immorality of the poets of his age, 366 King Charles II's. opinion of him, 367-Flatman's panegyrics on Cowley, 368, 369-his first volume of poetry, 370-poems written on his death, 371-373-Johnson classes him amongst the metaphysical poets of the 17th century, 374-Addison's criticism on Cowley's wit, 375, 376-the story of Aglaüs, 377, 378-Cowley's love of re- tirement, 379-383-different editions of his works, 383, 384-his elegiac poems, 385-his Plantarium, 386-389-transla- tions of his poems, 389, 390—his melan- choly turn of mind, 392, 393-unpopular- ity of his Ode on Brutus, 393, 394-his object in writing Davideis, 398, 399- general view of Cowley's merits as a poet, 399, 400.
Devon Commission, the, 509.
Dubufe's picture of Adam and Eve,-cha- racter of, 406, note.
Edward I.-Alexander III. does homage to him, 123, 124-his oppression of the Scots, 125, 126. England-Thierry's view of the state of, after the Conquest, 449, 450. Engraving, different branches of the art, 142-its antiquity, 142-144. playing cards, 145-old print discovered at Ma- lines, 146, 147-descriptions of various old prints, 147, 155-Italian engravers, 156, 161 German and Dutch schools, 161-165-progress of the art in France, 165, 166-English engravers, 166, 167-
lithography, 167, 168-caricatures, 168, 169.
Gweedore, Facts from, 509.
H. Harvey's pictures, 418.
Henry II., his interview with Philip of France, and account of his deathbed, 454-
Herbert, George,-stanzas by, 424. Humboldt, Baron, want of all reference to the Creator in his Kosmos, 317.
Iona, Monks of, 7. Ireland, the Devon Commission, Lord George Hill's facts from Gweedore.-Dif- ficulties presented by the condition of Ire- land, 509 evils of its position in the nine- teenth century to be traced to the un- healed dissensions of the fifteenth and sixteenth, 510-effects of two conflicting nations on the same soil, 511-evils of two codes of laws, 512-evils of dividing the unconquered territory among the settlers, 513-illustration of this in the story of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, 514- the statute of Kilkenny, ib.—its object to root the Irish chieftains out of the coun- try, ib.-Elizabeth gives grants of the land forfeited by Desmond, 516-penal laws against the Roman Catholics, 517-the evil of lands being held in common, 518, or held in patches in different places, as at Gweedore, 523-description of Gwee- dore, 526-the rundale system, 528-ac- count of Ireland in 1599, very like its present state, 532-improvement in lea- ses, 534-feeling against middlemen ran too high, 535-the law of distress, 539- agricultural schools recommended, 540— is Ireland overpeopled? 541-the lowest class suffers most from distress, 543- crime increased in times of public excite- ment,544 general view of the state of the country, 546-549-advantage of abolish- ing the law of entail in small properties, 549.
Italy,--dissatisfaction of its inhabitants with their government, and call to England-to make exertions in their behalf, 170-172 -oppressions to which the Italians are subject, 173-175-codes of laws for the different states, 175, 176-French inva- sion of Italy, 176-178-effects of the fall of Napoleon, 178, 179-injustice and op- pression of the present governments in Italy, 179, 180-education in the Austrian schools, 181-185-character of the King of Sardinia, 185, 186-the Papal govern- ment, 189-197-extracts from Azeglio's work about the Papal States, 197-201- substance of the manifesto from the exiles
at Rimini, 202-succession of Pope IX. to the Papal chair, 203-despotic power of the Pope, 203-205. Kant, Immanuel,-leading principle of his philosophy, 285, 286-his pyrrhonism, 286, 287-effect of the contemplation of space and time upon his mind, 307-he draws a lesson from the dove, 308. Kitto, Dr.,-his account of the day on which he became deaf, 335-337-his advantage over the deaf-born, in having become ac quainted with language before he lost his hearing, 331, 332, 337-his disinclination to speak, 339.
Lanfranc, his treatment of Saxon bishops, 14-is elected primate, 445. Landor, Mr. Walter Savage, superiority of his prose to his poetical works, 63-style of his writings, 64-66-his thorough know- ledge of literature, 68-his religious opi- nions, 71-75-his aphoristic style, 75-77 -variety of imagery, 77-79-purity of his English, 79-81-extracts from his writ- ings, 83, 87.
Liberty, the study of, intimately connected with the study of history, 431. Lingard, Dr.,-characteristics of his work, 3 bias in favour of the Saxons, 3, 4- speaks of the evil of the connexion of Church and State, 23-ascribes to various causes the endowments which Dr. Hook claims for the Church of England, 24.
Modena, the Duke of, 186, 187—his illi- beralism, 188, 189-his influence with the Papal Government, 190, 192-edict pub- lished by him in 1832, 194, 195-his un- just condemnation of Rieci, 195. Modern painters, character of the work, 401 -it has not been appreciated, 402-notice of the purchase of Etty's three pictures in the Royal Scottish Academy, 403-the author's definition of greatness in art, 404 -the greatest picture is that which con- veys the greatest number of ideas to the mind, 405-ideas of imitation are the low- est source of pleasure from art, 406-cri- ticism on Dubufe's pictures of Adam and Eve, 406, note-ideas of truth, 407-ideas of beauty, 408-ideas of relation, ib.—— sketches often give greater sensation of power than finished works, reasons of this, 410-Turner's pictures, Palestrina, 410-the slave ship, 411-truthfulness of his pictures, 412-description of the sky, 414-advice to young artists, 415—one of Turner's sketches in his Liber Studiorum, 417- Mr. Harvey's Glen of the Enterkin, 418-sketch by David Hill, 418-imagi- nation the master power in the painter, 419-instance of the imaginative faculty
in a passage in "Much ado about No- thing," 420-on a theory of beauty, 422— on the repose of the divine character, and man's longing after rest, 423-stanzas of George Herbert, 424-description of the Crucifixion by Tintoretto, 425 further character of the work, its faults and beau- ties, 426-430.
Monks early English-suspicion of the truth of their records, 121, 122.
Morell's Modern Philosophy-difference bc- tween the speculative philosophy of Bri- tain and that of Germany, 271, 272-Mr. Morell's aversion to introduce religious opinions into his work, 272, 273-Leib- nitz, Dr. Brown, and Dr. Reid, on the science of mind, 273, 274-comparison of abstruse learning to Achilles' spear, 275, 276 Mr. Morell on the mental philoso- phy, 276-278-different metaphysical for- mulas from Aristotle downwards, 278, 279 -Dr. Reid's "common sense" philoso- phy, and similarity of many of his views to those of Kant, 280-285-philosophy of Kant, 285-290-reason and consciousness, 291, 292-extracts from Morell, 292-294 -different opinions regarding the Scot- tish philosophers, 295, 296-Cousin's strictures on the philosophy of Kant, 297
-direct process of the mind anterior to the reflex, 297-299-Cousin and Morell on spontaneous apperception, 300-Car- tesianism of Morell, 301-difference be- tween Dr. Reid's and M. Cousin's views of consciousness, 301, 302-Dr. Thomas Brown, 303-Mr. Morell on the contro- versy between Sir William Hamilton and Cousin, 304, 305-spread of the German philosophy amongst Englishmen, 306, 307 -opposite effects of the contemplation of space and time on Kant and Dr. Samuel Clark, 307-Kant draws a lesson from the dove, 308-Schelling's absurd system of philosophy, 309, 310-natural theology, 311-316 absence of religion in Hum- boldt's Kosmos, 317-Mr. Morell's theo- logy, 319-321-his argument on liberty and necessity, 321, 322-the philosophy of Germany, 322-325-Mr. Carlyle's ad- miration of the German philosophers, 325- 328-aims and objects of the North Bri- tish Review, 329-331.
0. Odo bishop of Bayeux,-blesses the soldiers before the battle of Hastings, 436-is banished by William, and makes an in- surrection after the death of that mo- narch, 448.
Reid, Dr.,-his common-sense philosophy, 280-283 similarity of many of his views to those of Kant, 283, 284. Religion in its relation to Politics,-the Queen's speech, August 29, 1846, 256, 259 -irreligious tendency of the literature of the day, 259, 260-absence of religion among the leaders of the State, and unsuc- cessful efforts to promote it, 261, 262- opinions regarding the endowment of Popery, 264, 265-the Maynooth Grant, the endowment of Popery, &c. are not re- ligious questions, 266-religion must be the foundation of our politics, 267-speech of Dr. Byrth at the Evangelical Alliance, 268, 269-Lord John Russell's Govern- ment, 269, 270.
Revelations of Astronomy. See Astronomy. Ricardo's Political Economy, 104. Roxburghe Ballads, the, 25, characteristics
of the old ballad, ib.-Pepysian collection, 26-Roxburghe Collection "still more va- luable," originally formed by Robert Har- ley, first Earl of Oxford, 27-Historical, 29-38-ballad on the quarrel between Queen Mary and her nobility, 29—on the murder of the Regent Murray, 30, 31— on the battle between Berton and the Howards, 33-the "pleasant ballad of Sir J. Armstrong and Sir M. Musgrove," 33 -on the combat between Sir James Steward and Sir George Wharton, 34- on Queen Elinor, 35-the Lord of Lorn and the false steward, 36-38-political, national, protestant, 39-41-on the Duke of Chastelherault, 39-on Anne Askew, 41- love and courtship, 41-46-the slighted maid, 42-"my lodging is on the cold ground," taken from it, the faithful far- mer, 42-"the love-sick maid," 43" the Spanish lady's love," 44-Sir John Bolle, of Thorp Hall, the hero of it, 44-marri- age, 46-sea songs, 47-moral, descrip- tive, religious,47-50-a discourse on man's life, 47 a friend's advice, 49-drinking, humorous, and satirical ballads, 50-52-
a song in praise of the leather bottel," 50-"the long-nosed lass," 51-London's ordinarie, 52-tragical and supernatural, 52-54-Bürger's Leonore, 53-similar story in "the Suffolk miracle," 53-man- ners and customs, &c., 54-56-introduc- tion of hackney coaches into London, 55 -Robin Hood ballads, 57-Roxburghe collection has but one rival, the Pepysian, difficult to say which is superior, 57-con- tains at least 2300 ballads, a catalogue
alone would be a very amusing work, 58.
Saxons, the, oppressions which they had to endure from the Normans, 438-440- Robin Hood and his merry men, 441-442 -energetic conduct of Wulfstan, the last Saxon bishop, 447.
Scotch, the, charge against their ancient in- dependence by Sir Francis Palgrave, 117- 120-William Wallace and Robert Bruce, 127, 128-independent letter to the Pope, 128, 129 their hatred of England, 135— difference between the Highlanders and Lowlanders, 135, 136-union with Eng- land, 136-138-Burns and Scott, 139, 140.
Senses, the Lost, 331-want of language a greater privation than the want of hear- ing, 332, 333-it is an erroneous opinion that blindness is a greater affliction than deafness, 333, 334-pleasurable feelings that dreams give to the blind, 340-great difference between those who have lost a sense, and those to whom it has been de- nied from their birth, 341,342-proportion of blind and deaf in Great Britain, 342— remarkable deaf persons, Mrs. Torna, 343-Mr. Lowe, 344-Massieu, 345, 346 the finger alphabet, ib.-historical no- tices of deaf-mute instruction, 347-351- Abbé de l'Epié, 352-school at Edin- burgh where the late Dr. Watson was educated, 353-importance of cultivating articulation in all deaf and dumb institu- tions, 354-358-proportion of deaf and dumb to the population of different coun- tries, 358, 359-number of deaf and dumb under instruction, 360, 361-length of time required for the education of each child, 362-the blind, and importance of providing them with a permanent litera- ture, 363, 364.
Smith's, Dr. A., doctrine of Free Trade, 90. Smith, Captain, contents of his work on "Cycle of Celestial Objects," 211. Stirling's Philosophy of Trade, 87. Politi- cal economy has been regarded too much as one of the exact sciences. Dr. Smith's celebrated doctrine of Free Trade, 90- its errors, 91-subject of Mr. Stirling's first book, value, 96-Mr. Stirling's book a rectification of first principles, 98-on the value of labour, 103-distinction be- tween productive and unproductive la- bour, 103-Ricardo's Political Economy, 104-price of labour determined by the standard of enjoyment among labourers, 108-extract from an old work on the subject of rent, 110-Mr. S's. chapters on the subjects of money, bullion, and rates of exchange in connexion with fo- reign trade, 113-on raising the standard of comfort and enjoyment among the people, 113-the only specific for that
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