country in the total abolition of the Slave 11.de, have prohibited all persons resid. ing in the United Provinces, or subject to their jurisdiction, in the most effectual manner and by the most solemn laws, from taking any part in the said traffic. It is also stipulated, that, in case of any unfortunate interruption of the amicable relations of commerce, or a breach between the two parties, the subjects and citizens of each shall remain and continue their trade without interruption, so long as they do not offend the laws, and their effects and property shall not be subject to embargo or sequestration. The treaty was submitted to Congress, approved, and duly ratified by Juan Gregorio de las Heras, Captain-General and Governor of the Province of Buenos Ayres; and attested by Francisco de la Cruz, Minister of War and Marine. Senor Don Bernardino Rivadavia has been appointed by the General Government Minister Plenipotentiary to the Courts of England and France; Senor Don Ignacio Nunez Secretary to the Legation at the French and Eng, lish Courts; and Mr Griffith, Vice-Consul.

PERU-Some accounts have been received by way of Buenos Ayres, whither they were brought by the Chili mail, of what had happened in Upper Peru subse⚫ quent to the battle of Ayacucho. A let. ter from Santiago de Chili says, that Rodil refused to deliver up Callao, which conduct had obliged Bolivar to outlaw him and his garrison. On the 9th January it was blockaded by a Colombian corvette, and, probably, by the Squadron of Admi ral Guise. The blockading force, it is said, had been joined by those of Rodil's gun boats, Bolivar had above 2000 men at Lima, and expected 6000 from Guayaquil, with which it was his purpose to besiege Callao. Rodil did not appear to have above 2000 men. Letters from Salta state, that an armistice for four months was concluded the 12th January, between Olaneta and the liberating army.

The Lima Government Gazette confirms the particulars relating to the refu sal of Rodil to surrender Callao; it announces, moreover, the resolution of the Independents to make an example of the defenders of that place. The day of its fall, it is declared," shall be the day of justice. No criminal shall escape the sword of the conquerors." It adds, "it could be wished that Rodil and his accomplices should receive a thousand deaths for one, in consideration of the assassinations and cruelties which they have perpetrated. Humanity demands that atone ment shall be exacted from these mon sters in the human shape, for the innocent victims sacrificed on the altar of their

ferocity." It concludes by declaring, that all the past shall then be avenged, and Rodil shall answer before God, and befere the human race, for the horrors of which he is the author....

MEXICO. The proceedings of the General Congress, as contained in the Mcri. can Sun, are highly interesting, as they include the discussion and settlement of important objects of public economy in a liberal and enlightened spirit, and show that the Institutions of that country are in a state of progressive improvement and consolidation, and that public spirit-that vital principle of a healthy social system is beginning to develope its influence.

The news of the British recognition of Mexican independence was received every where in the republic with extraordinary exultation. It was the subject of mutual addresses between the President and Congress, and of congratulations to the latter from various State Legislatures; a day was set apart for national rejoicings in re ference to it, and it appears to have been generally considered as the complete gua. rantee of all interests.

Mr Ward, the bearer of the British re cognition, arrived at Vera Cruz in the frigate Egeria, bringing full powers to con clude a treaty of commerce, as Commis sioner, associated with Mr Morier.

COLOMBIA Bolivar, disgusted by the calumnies of his enemies, has tendered his resignation as Liberator, a second time, but it has been again refused by the Colombian Legislature.

UNITED STATES. New York papers to the 16th ult. have been received by way of Liverpool. They state, that the honourable Rufus King, a senator in Congress from New York, has been appointed ambassador from the United States to Great Britain, Mr King formerly held the same office for a number of years, and was considered an able diplomatist.

A dreadful fire took place at Boston, in New England, on the 7th of April. It broke out in the fish inspection store, in Doane Street, and destroyed about 60 large buildings in that and the adjoining streets, with a considerable quantity of merchandize. The loss is estimated at half a million of dollars,' not one half of which was ensured.

ASIA.

EAST INDIES. The accounts from India are not of very great importance. Some stockades had been taken in Assem, the northmost part of the Burmese empire, and a force was about to advance from Chittagong, under the command of General Morrison. The army which met the Burmese on 10th December, was still

17. Many petitions were presented against the Catholic Claims-one from Manchester, signed by 40,000 persons, and another from Liverpool, signed by 30,000. Several petitions were also pre sented in favour of the Claims.One by the Marquis of Lansdown, from the Members of the Senate of the two Universities of Oxford and Cambridge,——and one from Waterford, by the Duke of Dé. vonshire, who implored the House to give its sanction to this just, salutary, and healing measure,—a measure which had been sanctioned by the most illus trious statesmen, and which could not, must not be allowed to sleep, (hear, hear).

Lord Grey then presented a petition from the Roman Catholic Peers, Clergy, Gentry, &c., of England, signed by 30,000 persons, praying for a repeal of the disqualifying laws, and complaining of the foul and false aspersions which had been cast upon them. They broadly, said the Noble Earl, assert, that there is no thing in the tenets of their religion which ought to exclude them from the full enjoyment of their civil rights. (Hear, hear!) And in proof of this assertion, they call your attention to the modern history of different countries around you. The Noble Earl proceeded to implore the House to grant the prayer of the petition ers, and urged upon it: the expediency and grace of doing that at once to. which they must ere long certainly concede. The feelings of the other House, he said, at a period like the present, were no bad criterion of the feelings of the country; for a General Election being at hand, it was not likely that they would act in die rect opposition to the opinions and wishes of their constituents. (Hear!) Seeing, said his Lordship, that not one county meeting had been called by the opponents of the measure,—that hardly any great town has petitioned against it; or, at least, that we have had no petition from any great town without having an opposite petition from the same place; taking into consideration, too, that wherever a meet ing has been called against the measure, it has ended by adopting resolutions in its favour I say, taking all these things into consideration, I have a right to conclude, that if the sense of the country be not strongly in favour of the Roman Catholics, it is not hostile to their claims. (Loud cries of “Hear !") Let me beseech your Lordships to do, while it is yet time, that which is recommend ed to you equally by policy and by jus tice. (Hear, hear, hear!) If you do not grant these concessions now, the period may not be far distant, when you

will offer them, but offer them in vain. (Hear!) True it is, that we are at this moment prosperous, but who is there that does not perceive certain clouds rising above the political horizon, which ought to induce a wise and cautious legislature to prepare for the coming storm? (Loud cries of Hear, hear, hear!) You may at present, without the slightest suspi. cion, grant to the Catholics, as a matter of grace and favour, every thing which they seek at your hands'; but refuse them at present, wait a little longer, and you will bring into play those passions and angry feelings which men deprived of their rights are apt to entertain; you will do to Ireland that which, at a former period, you did to America-but God grant that it may be without producing other effects not so easily remedied as were the disasters of the American war! The petition, which was of extraordinary dimensions, was read, and laid on the table, and the Noble Lord sat down amidst loud applause.

CATHOLIC RELIEF BILL.

The Earl of Donoughmore then moved the second reading of the Catholic Relief Bill. Lord Colchester moved that it be read this day six months. The Marquis of Anglesea seconded the amendment. He said he had changed his opinions on the subject, and now he was satisfied that Emancipation would not satisfy the Catholics, who would be content with nothing short of Catholic Ascendancy. If it must, therefore, be a trial of strength, a struggle with six millions of people, he thought the present was the best thine to bring the matter to an issue! Earl Camb. den, after several observations, said he was most anxious for the favourable termination of the question. Earl Darnley made various observations in favour of the Bill. Lord Longford, and the Bishop of Llandaff, opposed it. The Bishop of Norwich implored the House to put an end to the system of unprovoked and cruel injury, which, year after year, had been heaped upon five millions of loyal subjects and conscientious Christians. It had been said that the Catholics were intolerant, and the persecutions which took place in this country in the sixteenth century had been cited. But he would ask, whether it was consistent with Christian charity to revive recollections of this nature, which had really no bearing on the question, and which none but those who were them. selves intolerant could suppose to be applicable to the present times? Let them examine history, and find out a single country in the whole of Christian Europe, which was more disgraced by persecution than our own. The history of the penal

laws in Ireland afforded a lamentable proof of this fact. If it could be proved, which he thought it never could, that any parti cular ecclesiastical establishment could not be maintained without a gross violation of the leading principles of the Chris. tian religion, and above all, of the inestimable precept of our Divine Master, which taught us to do unto others as we would they should do unto us if the Church of England could not be main tained, unless its members acted in direct opposition to the precepts of our holy religion, he, for one, should not scruple for a moment to say, “Let it fall." He had been asked, whether he was prepared to abide by the consequences which might result from the successful enforcement of his opinions; whether he was prepared to abide by the loss of all those worldly honours, and among these, the honour of a seat in that House, which he held in consequence of his situation in the Church of England? His answer to this question should be very short and very sin cere: "If worldly advantages, of what ever kind, can only be secured by the op. pression of five millions of loyal subjects, and conscientious Christians, those worldly advantages have no charms for me." (Hear, hear, hear!) · He did not wish to hold them by so harsh a tenure; and if such were the conditions of holding them, he would gladly relinquish them. These were his sentiments: they were the same which he had held for more than half a century. The Earl of Carberry said, while concession was withheld, Ireland could never be happy; and, unhappy, could never be tranquil. (Hear, hear.) The Bishop of Chester said, that his present opinions were contrary to some he had formerly entertained on the question. In the discussions on the present question, it had been asserted, that those Bishops who opposed concession were influenced by interested motives. (Hear.) What right had any man to say that the Protestant Bishops of England had acted, or were capable of acting, from base and mercenary motives? (Cheers.) What, he would ask, was there in their public conduct, as recorded in history, which could justify the foul insinuation of their want of public principle? No; they were inspired by a pure and virtuous ambition, and their less-talented successors were animated by those same sentiments which had made their predecessors the sleepless sentinels and intrepid cham pions of the doctrines and privileges of their Church. (Cheers.) The evidence, the Rev. Prelate said, before their Lord. ships, proved that the late disturbances in Ireland did not arise from religious, but

domestic causes-that her evils procceded from the misery and ignorance of the pea. santry, and from a melancholy state of society, which required the remedial application of the most rigid statistical measures. And the remedies for those evils were—a revisal of the revenue laws-the establishment of a sound system of popular education—and, above all, the return and residence of the great landed proprietors in the midst of their oppressed tenantry. (Cheers.) After making a variety of other remarks, the Learned Prelate concluded by imploring the House not to pass a bill pregnant with such extreme danger to the Frotestant Establishment. (Cheers.) The Earl of Limeric thought the speech of the Right Reverend Prelate unequalled for its promotion of intolerance and violence it was calculated to irritate every class of men in Ireland': it was almost an equal censure on the Catholics, the Protestants, the landhold. ers, and the peasantry. He should have cast his eye upon a Right Reverend Brother who sat near him, and have learned a better feeling. He seemed to say to the House, " Meddle not with the ark of the Lord, or with his anointed"—that is, its treasure. (Hear! and a laugh.) The Marquis of Lansdown said, that property, religion, and the interests of the Protestant Church, all required that an end should be put to the evil of exclusion an evil greater than had ever before exist ́ed in any other country whatever. He was confident that the great end of tranquillizing Ireland, and of rendering her prosperous, were to be found in granting that which would give contentinent to the Catholic gentry, and inspire the Catholic yeomanry and peasantry with a firm reliance upon the justice of Parlia ment. In the United States of America, in Holland, and even in Prussia and Den. mark, there was no obstacle to Catholics taking a part in the government of the country. He should support the Bill, in order that the rights of citizens might not be withheld from men on the single pretence of difference of religious persuasion. Lord Liverpool said, that the House of Commons had purchased a ma- ' jority for the Bill, by the introduction of two other Bills, which were held out as n bonus. The measure should be considered upon its own merits ; and, judging of it, he could say, that in this Protestant kingdom, Roman Catholics were not entitled to the same privileges, because the former could give only a conditional allegiance to the crown. He could not help viewing the measure as most dangerous to the established church, for whatever might be their present inten