names, which among that people was the highest piece of civility. NOMENTUM, an ancient town of Italy, belonging to the Sabines, famous for the total defeat of the Veientes and Fidenates, by the Romans, under the dictator Q. Servilius Priscus, A. U. C. 312. It is now called Lamentana. NOM'INAL, adj. Lat. nominales, nomino; NOM'INALLY, adv. Fr. nomination. Relating NOM'INATE, V. a. to names or titles; not NOMINATION, N. s. real to nominate is to NOM'INATIVE. n. s.. name; call upon; entitle; set down or appoint by name: nomination, the act or right of doing so: nominative, the case in grammar that designates the names of things. Aread, old father, why of late Didst thou behight me born of English blood, It is impossible. Shakspeare. Henry VI. Shakspeare. The forty-one immediate electors of the duke, must be all of several families, and of them twenty five at least concur to this nomination. Wotton. The nomination of persons to places, being so principal and inseparable a flower of his crown, he would reserve to himself. Clarendon. Hudibras. Profound in all the nominal, not sufficient to describe the nature of it. Pearson. Hammond was named to be of the assembly of divines; his invincible loyalty to his prince, and obedience to his mother, the church, not being so valid arguments against his nomination as the repute of his learning and virtue were on the other part, to have some title to him. Fell. The nominal essence of gold is that complex idea the word gold stands for; as a body yellow, of a certain weight, malleable, fusible, and fixed. But the real essence is the constitution of the insensible parts of that body on which those qualities depend. ed Word-sellers; but had the denomination of Nominalists, because, in opposition to the Realists, they maintained that words, and not things, were the object of dialectics. This sect had its first rise towards the end of the eleventh century, and pretended to follow Porphyry and Aristotle; but it was not till Ocham's time that they obtained the above name. The chief of this sect, in the eleventh century, was one John, who, on account of his logical subtlety, was called the sophist; and his principal disciples were Robert of Paris, Roscelin of Compiegne, and Arnoul of Laon. At the beginning the Nominalists hard the upper hand; but the Realists, though greatly divided among themselves, were supported by men of great abilities; such as Albertus Magnus, T. Aquinas, and Duns Scotus. The Nominal sect fell hereby into disrepute, till William Occam, in the fourteenth century, again revived it, and filled France and Germany with disputation Having joined the party of the Franciscan monks, who strenuously opposed John XXII, that pope and his successors left no means untried to extirpate the philosophy of the Nominalists, which was deemed highly prejudicial to the interests of the church: and hence, in 1339, the university of Paris, by a public edict, solemnly condemned and prohibited the philosophy of Occam. The consequence was, that the Nominalists flourished more than ever. In the fifteenth century the controversy was continued with more vigor and animosity than before; but in most places the Realists maintained a manifest superiWhile the famous ority over the Nominalists. Gerson, and the most eminent of his disciples, were living, the Nominalists were in high esteem and credit in the university of Paris; but, upon the deaths of these patrons, the face of things was much changed. In 1473 Louis XI., by the instigation of his confessor, the bishop of Avranches, issued out a severe edict against the Nominalists, and ordered all their writings to be seized and secured, that they might not be read edict, and permitted some of the books of that by the people; but in 1474 he mitigated this sect to be restored. In 1481 he not only granted a full liberty to the Nominalists, but also restored that sect to its former authority in the university. The Nominalists were the founders of the university of Leipsic: and there are many yet abroad who pique themselves on being Nominalists. The Nominalists, with the Stoics, admit the formal conceptions or ideas of things, as the subject and foundation of universality; but to this they add names which represent and signify, after the same univocal manner, and without any distinction, a great variety of single things alike lordship knows should govern the verb, he suspended Nominals; as pretending that, to become learned, in genus and species. Hence they are called Locke. Never having intended, never designed any heir in that sense, we cannot expect he should nominate or appoint any person to it. Id. Were these people as anxious for the doctrines es sential to the church of England, as they are for the nominal distinction of adhering to its interests? Addison. In England the king has the nomination of an archbishop; and after nomination he sends a congé d'elire to the dean and chapter, to elect the person elected by him. Ayliffe. And betwixt the nominative case, which your his voice in the epilogue a dozen times, three seconds and three-fifths, by a stop-watch, my lord, each Sterne. time. I can truly say that, with respect to any nominations in your service of whatever description abroad or at home, I have never exercised any sort of interference. Canning. NOMINALS, OF NOMINALISTS, a sect of school philosophers, the disciples and followers of Occam or Ocham, an English cordelier in the fourteenth century. They were vulgarly denominat it is not enough to have just ideas of things, but it is likewise required to know the proper names of the genera and species of things, and to be able to express them clearly and precisely, without confusion or ambiguity. The NOMINATIVE is the first case of nouns which are declinable. The simple position of a noun or name, nomen, is called the nominative case; yet it is not so properly a case as the matter or ground whence the other cases are to be formed, by the several changes and inflections given to this first termination. Its chief use is to be placed before all verbs, as the subject of the proposition or affirmation. NON, adv. Lat. non. Not. It is never used separately, but frequently prefixed to words with a negative power. Since you to non-regardance cast my faith, Live you the marble-breasted tyrant still. Shakspeare. Behold also there a lay non-residency of the rich, which in times of peace, too much neglecting their habitations, may seem to have provoked God to negHolyday. lect them. The third sort of agreement or disagreement in our ideas, which the perception of the mind is employed about, is co-existence, or non-existence in the same Locke. subject. For an account at large of bishop Sanderson's last judgment, concerning God's concurrence, or nonconcurrence with the actions of men, and the positive entity of sins of commission, I refer you to his letters. Pierce. The non-appearance of persons to support the united sense of both houses of parliament, can never be construed as a general diffidence of being able to support the charge against the patent and patentee. NON'AGE, n. s. Non and age. time of life before legal maturity. Id. Minority; In him there is a hope of government; Which in his nonage, counsel under him, And in his full and ripened years, himself Shall govern well. Shakspeare. Richard III. Be love but there, let poor six years Be posed with the maturest fears Man trembles at, we straight shall find Love knows no nonage, nor the mind. Crashaw. 'Tis necessary that men should first be out of their nonage, before they can attain to an actual use of this principle; and withal, that they should be ready to exert and exercise their faculties. Wilkins. Those charters were not avoidable for the king's nonage; and, if there could have been any such pretence, that alone would not avoid them. Hale. We have a mistaken apprehension of antiquity, calling that so which in truth is the world's nonage. Glanville. After Chaucer there was a Spenser, a Harrington, a Fairfax, before Waller and Denham were in be ing; and our numbers were in their nonage 'till these last appeared. Dryden. In their tender nonage, while they spread Their springing leaves, and lift their infant head, Indulge their childhood, and the nursling spare. Id. NONAGESIMAL, or NONAGESIMAL DEGREE, called also the mid-heaven, is the ninetieth degree or highest point of the ecliptic, reckoned from its intersection with the horizon at any time; and its altitude is equal to the angle that the ecliptic makes with the horizon at their intersection, or equal to the distance of the zenith from the pole of the ecliptic. It is much used in the calculation of solar eclipses. See ASTRONOMY, Index. NONAGON, a figure having nine sides and angles. In a regular nonagon, or that whose angles and sides are all equal, if each side be 1, its area the radius 1. will be 6-1818242 of the tangent of 70°, to NONCE, n. s. Dr. Johnson says, the original of this word is uncertain; Skinner imagines it to come from own or once; or from Germ. nutz, need or use: Junius derives it less probably from noiance, to do for the nonce; being, according to him, to do it merely for mischief. But the Goth. nonna, Dan. nenne, to attempt, is the more probable etymology of Thomson. Purpose; intent; design. Not now in use. I saw a wolf Nursing two whelps; I saw her little ones nonce. A chalice for the nonce. When in your motion you are hot, And they lead men for the nonce, Ben Jonson. They used at first to fume the fish in a house built for the nonce. Carew. A voider for the nonce, I wrong the devil should I pick their bones. Coming ten times for the nonce. Cleaveland. I never yet could see it flow but once. Cotton. NONCONFORM'ITY, n. s. Non and NONCONFORM IST. conformity. Non-compliance; refusal of compliance; dissentership from the established church of England: a nonconformist is a dissenter. Since the liturgy, rites, and ceremonies of our church, are so much struck at, and all upon a plea of conscience, it will concern us to examine the force of this plea, which our adversaries are still setting up as the grand pillar and buttress of non-conformity. South. The lady will plead the toleration which allows her non-conformity in this particular. Addison's Spectator. On his death-bed he declared himself a non-con formist, and had a fanatick preacher to be his spiritual guide. Swift. The will of our Maker, whether discovered by reason or revelation, carries the highest authority with it; a conformity or non-conformity to it determines their actions to be morally good or evil. Watts's Logick. And happy will be that reader whose mind is disposed by his verses or his prose, to imitate him in all but his non-conformity. Johnson. NONCONFORMISTS, in English law, is considered by Mr. Justice Blackstone, as the cognate legal term with Dissenters; for all who absent themselves, for whatever reasons, from the worship of the established church. In the article DISSENTERS, as more commonly used to decribe the Protestants dissidents from the establishment, will be found a full account of their legal situation at the period of the commencement of our work: the article ROMAN CATHOLICS will be found to contain a similar account of the legal situation of the Catholic Dissenters. We intimated at the close of the former article that the Protestant Dissenters were hopeful of the abrogation of all exclusive statutes on the subject of religion;' and are now happy to record that the patience with which they have 'waited for the final determination of the government and the country, as to the period of awarding their rights,' has not been unrewarded. The great barriers to their admission to civil office, the corporation and test acts, have been repealed; and a declaration substituted, to be taken by all persons entering upon office, which they esteem almost unobjectionable. The exact form in which this important measure finally passed, and a brief history of TEST LAW in this country, will be found under that article. NONE, adj. Sax. ne ane, neone; Goth. ne, ein, nein. Not one; not any; none being formerly used before a vowel, and no before a consonant. It is now used plurally also: and often in relation to a substantive going before; as water we have none.' And noon of hem that saten at the mete, wiste wherte he seide to him. Wiclif. Jon. 13. This is none other but the house of God, and the gate of heaven. Genesis xxviii. 17. Six days shall ye gather it, but on the sabbath there shall be none. Exodus xvi. 26. Ye shall flee when none pursueth you. Leviticus. Thy life shall hang in doubt, and thou shalt have none assurance of this life. Deuteronomy xxviii. My people would not hearken to my voice, and Israel would none of me. Psalm lxxxi. 11. That killing power is none of thine, Thy sweets, thy graces, all are mine; Thou art my star, shinest in my skies. Carew. In crosses, universally, let this be thy rule: make thyself none; escape some, bear the rest; sweeten all. Bp. Hall. That fowl, which is none of the lightest, can easily move itself up and down in the air without stirring its wings. Terms of peace were none Wilkins. Milton. Nor think though men were none That heaven would want spectators, God want praise. Id. Before the deluge, the air was calm; none of those tumultuary motions of vapours which the mountains and winds cause in ours. Burnet's Theory. Another, which is none of the least advantages of hope is, its great efficacy in preserving us from set. ting too high a value on present enjoyments. Addison's Spectator. The most glaring and notorious passages, are none of the finest. Felton on the Classicks. Ah self deceived! Could I prophetic say Who next is fated, and who next to fall, The rest might then seem privileged to play; But, naming none, the voice now speaks to all. Cowper. NONES, NCNÆ, in the Roman kalendar, the fifth day of the months January, February, April, June, August, September, November, and December; and the seventh of March, May, July, and October. March, May, July, and October, had six days in their nones; because these alone, in the ancient constitution of the year by Numa, had thirty-one days each, the rest having only twenty-nine, and February thirty; but when Cæsar reformed the year, and made other months contain thirty-one days, he did not allot them six days of nones. NONENTITY, n. s. Non and entity. Nonexistence; the negation of being. There was no such thing as rendering evil for evil, when evil was truly a nonentity, and no where to be found. South. We have heard, and think it pity that your inqui sitive genius should not be better employed, than in looking after that theological nonentity. Arbuthnot and Pope. understand it as excluding all causes. When they say nothing from nothing, they must In which sense it is most evidently true; being equivalent to this proposition, that nothing can make itself, or, nothing cannot bring its no-self out of nonentity into something. Bentley. NONEXISTENCE, n. s. Non and existence. Inexistence; the state of not being; a thing not existing. A method of many writers, which depreciates the esteem of miracles, is, to salve not only real verities, but also nonexistences. Browne's Vulgar Errours. NONJURING, adj. Non and Lat. juro. Particularly applied in English history to those who would not swear allegiance to the Hanoverian family. learned, and worthy gentleman of the nonjuring This objection was offered me by a very pious, Swift. party. NONJURORS, those who refused to take the oaths to government, and who were in consequence under certain incapacities, and liable to certain severe penalties. The members of the episcopal church in Scotland were long denominated nonjurors; but upon the death of prince Charles Stuart, in 1788, their bishops, and the great majority of the people, avowed their attachment to the present royal family, and resolved to pray for his majesty king George III. NONIUS (Marcellus), a grammarian and peripatetic philosopher, born at Tivoli, who wrote a treatise, entitled De Proprietate Sermonum. This author is valuable for giving fragments of ancient authors nowhere else to be found. His treatise was printed at Paris, in 1614, with notes. NONIUS (Peter), in Spanish Nunez, a learned Portuguese, and one of the ablest mathematicians of the sixteenth century, was born at Alcacer. He was preceptor to prince Henry, king Emmanuel's son, and taught the mathematics in the university of Coimbra. He published the following works, by which he gained great reputation:-1. De Arte Navigandi. 2. Annotationes in Theorias Planetarum Purbachii. 3. A Treatise de Crepusculis. 4. A Treatise on Algebra. It is observed in Furetiere's Dictionary, that Peter Nonius, in 1530, first invented the angles of 45° made in every meridian, and that he called them rhumbs, and calculated them by spherical triangles. Nonius died in 1577, aged eighty. NONNATURALS, n. s. Lat. non naturalia. Physicians reckon these to be six; viz. air, meat and drink, sleep and watching, motion and rest, retention and excretion, and the passions of the mind. These six nonnaturals are such as neither naturally constitutive, not merely destructive, do preserve or destroy according unto circumstances. Browne. 2. NONNIUS, or NONIUS (Lewis), a learned physician of Antwerp, in the seventeenth century, who wrote several works which are esteemed; the principal are, 1. An excellent treatise entitled Ichthyophagia, sive de Piscium esu. Hispania; useful for understanding the ancient geography of Spain. 3. A Commentary on the Medals of Greece, and those of Julius Cæsar, Augustus, and Tiberius, in folio; it contains Goltzius's Two Words on the same subject. 4. A Commentary on Goltzius's Account of Greece, the islands, &c. 5. Poems, &c. NONPAREIL', n. s. Non and French pareil. Excellence unequalled. My lord and master loves you: O such love Could be but recompensed, though you were crowned The nonpareil of beauty. Shakspeare. Twelfth Night. NON'PLUS, n. s. &. v. a. Non and Lat. plus, more. Inability to do or say more; state of puzzle or perplexity; to confound, puzzle, or put to stand. His parts were so accomplisht, That right or wrong he ne'er was nonplust. Hudibras. One or two rules, on which their conclusions depend, in most men have governed all their thoughts; take these from them and they are at a loss, and their understanding is perfectly at a nonplus. Locke. Tom has been eloquent for half an hour together, when he has been nonplust by Mr. Dry's desiring him to tell what it was that he endeavoured to prove. Spectator. That sin that is a pitch beyond all those, must needs be such an one as must nonplus the devil himself to proceed farther. South. Such an artist did not begin the matter at a venture, and, when put to a nonplus, pause and hesitate which way he should proceed; but he had first in bis comprehensive intellect a compleat idea of the whole organical body. Bentley. Non and resi NONRESIDENCE, n. s. Į NONRESIDENT. dence. Failure of residence: he who so fails or neglects to reside at his proper place. If the character of persons chosen into the church had been regarded, there would be fewer complaints of nonresidence. Swift. As to nonresidence, there are not ten clergymen in the kingdom who can be termed nonresidents. Id. Is't I expose Those tender limbs of thine to the event To NONSUIT, v. a. Non and suit. To deprive of the benefit of a legal process for some failure in the management. The addresses of both houses of parliament, the council, and the declarations of most counties and corporations, are laid aside as of no weight, and the whole kingdom of Ireland nonsuited, in default of appearance. Swift. NOODT (Gerard), an eminent civilian, born at Nimeguen in 1647, where he was chosen professor of law in 1671. He was afterwards appointed professor at Franeker; and at Utrecht in 1684; but in 1686 became rector of the university of Leyden. He published a collection of his works on law, in 1713, 4to. and died in 1725. NOOK, n. s. Teut. een hoeck; or Belg. ein hoek. A corner; a covert made by an angle or intersection. Buy a foggy and a dirty farm In that nook shotten isle of Albion. Safely in harbour Shakspeare. Is the king's ship, in the deep nook, where once The savages were driven out of their great Ards, into a little nook of land near the river of Strangford; where they now possess a little territory. Davies. Meander, who is said so intricate to be, Hath not so inany turns, nor crankling nooks as she. Drayton Thus entered she the light excluding cave, And through it sought some inmost nook to save The gold. Chapman. Ithuriel and Zephon, Search through this garden, leave unsearched no nook. Milton. Her mansion in this fleshy nook. Id. Poems. Cowper Stung with the loss, into a thoughtful cast He throws his face, and rubs his vexed brow; Searches each nook and corner of his soul With frequent care; reflects, and re-reflects, And tries to touch relations that may start The fugitive again. Pollok. NOON, n. s. & adj. Sax. non; Goth. NOONDAY, n. s. non; Wel. nawon, supNOONTIDE, n. s. & adj. posed to be derived from Lat. nona, the ninth hour, at which the cana, or chief meal, was eaten ; whence the other nations called the time of their dinner, or chier meal, though earlier in the day, by the same name.-Dr. Johnson. A particular hour of church service was also called nona hora by the Christian Goths, and thence the Goth. non was derived. Thomson. The middle hour of the day; the time when the sun is in the meridian; midday; twelve o'clock in the day. Midnight has been poetically called the noon of night: noonday and noon-tide alike signify the middle of the day the time of noon. Fetch forth the stocks, there shall he sit till noon, 'Till noon! till night, my lord. Shakspeare. Sorrow breaks seasons and reposing hours, Makes the night morning, and the noontide night. NOORABAD, a town of the province of Agra, Hindostan, pleasantly situated on the south bank of the Sank. Adjoining this place is a large garden, planned out by the emperor Aurungzebe, within which is the tomb of his favorite wife, Ghoona Begum, celebrated for ber poetical compositions. The inscription on the tomb is Alas! alas! Ghoona Begum! The country in the vicinity has many small forts. Long. 78° 6' E., lat. 26° 25′ N. NOOSE, n. s. Swed. knusse; Lat. nodus. A running knot, which the more it is drawn binds the closer. Can'st thou with a weak angle strike the whale! Catch with a hook, or with a noose inthral? Sand us. The sin is woven with threads of different sizes, the least of them strong enough to noore and entrap Government of the Tongue. They run their necks into a nosse, They'd break 'em after, to break loose. us. Hudibras. Falsely he falls into some dangerous nove And then as meanly labours to get loose. Dryden. A rope and noose are no jesting matters. Arbuthnot's John Bull. NOOTKA, the country on the north-west coast of North America, round Nootka Sound. Upon the coast the land is tolerably high and level; but within the sound it rises into steep hills, which have a uniform appearance. The climate is remarkably mild. Captain Cook found that the thermometer never fell lower even in the night than 42°, while in the day time it often rose to 60°. The trees of which the woods are composed are the Canadian pine, white cypress, and some other sorts of pine. The trees grow here with great vigor, and are of a large size. About the rocks and borders of the woods are strawberry plants; and raspberry, currant, and gooseberry bushes. The principal Birds are not numerous, and are remarkably shy, animals are racoons, martens, and squirrels. owing to their being continually harassed by the natives for the sake of their feathers as well as for food. The quebrantahuessos, shags, and gulls, were seen off the coast; and the last two were also frequent in the sound. The principal sorts of fish are herrings and breams, one species silver-colored, and another brown. Captain Cook and Dr. King consider it as an excellent shelter for ships. The natives are in general robust and well proportioned; their faces large and full, their cheeks high and prominent, with small black eyes; their noses broad and flat, their lips thick, and they have generally very fine teeth, and of the most brilliant whiteness. The manner in which the children are treated, when young, is not more extraordinary from its strange and total inutility, than from its agreement with the custoins of the Chinese and Tartars. The head of the infant is bound by the mother with a kind of fillet of several folds, as low down as the eyes, in order to give it a certain form; yet we never observed that any of the infants, in such a state of preparation for sugar-loaf heads, suffered any visible pain or inconvenience and though the custom of compressing the head in this manner gives |