Presbyterians. He was by the independent faction impeached of high-treason, which occasioned his emigration to France. He was employed in several embassies after the restoration, when he retained the same jealousy for liberty, and refused the insidious presents offered him by Louis the fourteenth, with as much disdain as he had before refused £5000 offered him by the parliament to indemnify him for his losses in the civil war 5.

A stately tomb was erected to his memory by John, duke of Newcastle, " to eternize his name and honour." The monumental inscription is printed in Collins's Historical Collections; where may be seen the memorable letter from lord Holles to the Dutch ambassador, printed also by Kennet, and deserving, as Strype conceived, "to be set in golden characters, and preserved to all posterity "." A very small portion of this only can here be introduced; which consists of the introductory paragraph, and a definition of the government of England.

"The great conclusion Solomon made from all those wise reflections of his, upon things under the sun, is Fear God and keep his commandments, for this is the whole of man;' his whole business, and his whole excellency and therefore you and I shall always agree, that our first and great duty is the love and service of our great Lord; and the second is like unto it, the love and service of our country. But,

⚫ Granger's Biog. Hist. vol. iii. p. 221.

See Collins, p. 152.

as the circumstances of our times are, these things can hardly be separated or distinguished, but are included one in the other; so that he which serves his 'country, must needs at the same time serve God.

"England is a government compounded and mixt of the three principal kinds of government; a king, who is a sovereign, qualified, and limited prince; and the three estates, who are the lords spiritual and temporal, compounding the aristocratical part of the government; and the commons in parliament, with an absolute delegated power, making the democratical part. The legislative authority is in the king and the three estates; the power of levying money in the commons; and the executive power in the king, but to be administered by ministers sworn and qualified; which is the reason of those two grand maxims in the law of England: first, that the king of England is always a minor; and secondly, that he can do no wrong. Now the foundation this government was first built and stood upon, was the balance of lands; and England being a kingdom of territory, not of trade, it always was and ever will be true, that the balance of lands is the balance of government; and this maxim of the balance is to the politicks, what the compass is to navigators, the circulation of blood to physicians, guns to an army, and printing to learning."

In the Harl. MSS. 2305 and 7010, some of his letters occur.

A Speech at the Delivery of the Protestation, May 4, 1641; another concerning the Settling of the Queen of Bohemia, July 9, 1641; a third upon the

Delivery of a Message from the House of Commons, concerning the poor Tradesmen's Petition, January 31, 1642; and a fourth, upon the Impeachment of the earls of Northampton, Devonshire, Monmouth, and Devon; were printed at the time in 4to.]

HENRY PIERREPOINT,

MARQUIS OF DORCHESTER,

APPEARED but little in the character of an author, though he seems to have had as great foundation for being so, as any on the list. He studied ten or twelve hours a day for many years; was admitted a bencher of Gray's Inn for his knowledge of the law, and fellow of the college of physicians 3 for his proficience in medicine and anatomy.

He published

"A Speech spoken in the House of Lords. concerning the Right of Bishops to sit in Parliament, May 21, 1641.”

"Another, concerning the Lawfulness and Conveniency of their intermeddling in temporal Affairs, May 24, 1641."

"Speech to the Trained-bands of Nottinghamshire, at Newark, July 13, 1641.”

• Wood's Fasti, vol. ii. p. 22.

3

[Dr. Lort says he left his library to this college, containing a remarkably good collection of civil law books; the catalogue of which has been published. Wood calls him the pride and glory of the college.]

4

"Letter to John Lord Roos, February 25, 1659."

This lord was son-in-law of the marquis, and was then prosecuting a divorce from his wife for adultery. Wood says, that this lord Roos. (afterwards duke of Rutland), assisted by Samuel Butler, returned a buffoon answer, to which the marquis replied with another paper entitled

"The Reasons why the Marquis of Dorchester printed his Letter; together with his Answer to a printed Paper, called A true and perfect Copy of the Lord Roos his Answer to the Marquis of Dorchester's Letter."

Wood adds, "He, the said marquis, hath, as it is probable, other things extant, or at least fit to be printed, which I have not yet seen."

[Henry, eldest son of the first, and, as he was usually called," the good earl of Kingston 5," was born in 1606, had his education in Emanuel college, Cambridge, and afterwards, says Wood, was a hard student, and esteemed a learned man, as being well

⚫ [See a large account, touching the divorce between lord Roos and his lady, in the continuation of lord Clarendon's Life, vol. iii.]

• Collins's Peerage, vol. ii. p. 77.