562 ་་་ 4TH JUNE, 1831. D 563 Part of the rents and tithes ought to be kept in Ireland, to be sure, for the relief of the people; and though this money when raised is not to be put into the hands of the parson and the landowner, it is raised for the purpose of being given to the poor, to keep them quiet, while the landlords and parsons bring away from the country the means of paying them the rents and the tithes. Ireland has endured beyond further endurance. The working people there have suffered themselves to be brought down to live upon potatoes at the best, till, at last, their cruel oppressors are driving them from the potatoes to the stinking muscles and the sea-weed. slueod vlanid 3789 791890 od 16 vad blot me I doid dog "still continue, the peace of the would certainly take place a new dis"whole kingdom be thereby in-tribution of property would be the in"cessantly disturbed, its resources evitable consequence, but even that diminished, and its powers would be preferable to the state of "weakened be it therefore things which now exists. as However, "enacted, that, from and after the there could be no danger of a failure: "25th day of September next, the upright magistrates, supported by the "Act of the 43d year of the reign Government and the people too, would "of Queen Elizabeth, entitled an speedily put the thing to rights. At "Act for the relief of the poor, this meeting there was one gentleman, "shall be in full and entire force it appears, though his name is not given, "in every part of that part of the who said, "This seems only to be a "kingdom called Ireland." manoeuvre to raise money to pay the That's all That is every-thing that "landlords' rents and the clergymen's is necessary. We should then hear of" tithes." The goodly company silenced no more famines; no more eatings of him very quickly. Yes this was in sea-weed; no more midnight murders reality the business of the meeting. and seizures of arms, and transportings without judge or jury. "The landowners would not execute the law," some people say. If they would not, I would find somebody that should. I would send a dozen Magistrates from England into every county of Ireland; pay them a salary for performing the duty; and their duty should be, each for a certain number of parishes, to be ready to hear complaints, and make orders for relief; and if their orders were not obeyed, the Act would give them authority to cause seizures to be made upon those who should disobey them; and thus the Squirearchy would soon cease to be absentees, I believe; they would soon hasten home; for The labourers of England were they would find very little sent to them brought down nearly to potatoes, espeout of the country. The thing is not cially in the counties which the Kentish to be done by leaving the execution to people call "the shires." They were the Irish parsons and Squirearchy: it got down to potatoes in Wiltshire, and is to be done by the sending over of the curse was creeping on Eastward, men as magistrates, such as the police till a straggling fibre of it here-andmagistrates of London. They would there found its way even into Kent. need no soldiers; no police; the peo-There the people would not stand it, ple they would have at their back; the there they proclaimed that they would millions would be with them; and the not live upon potatoes! This was their intolerable infamy of the present hor-resolve and their signal, aud away went rible state of things would be put an the sound from one end of England to end to. This is what I would do, if I the other. As the Barons in the reign of were Minister I cannot conceive the KING JOHN took for their motto, We Possibility of, a failure; but if this will not change the laws of England," so t failed, I would, withdraw every soldier the men of Kent, took for their motto from Ireland, and let the Squirearchy the not less wise motto, We will and the parsons keep the peace of the not live upon potatoes." If they had Ja country as they could take care of submitted to live upon potatoes, they themselves as they could. A scramble would very soon have been driven to 66 live upon sea-weed or stinking muscles. served contempt of the speeches made We see that the Irish are too the French call it, if they Py, as at this meeting. There was a fellow get a by the name of BEAMISH, who has paunch-full of that accursed root. Thus Reverend put before his name, who goes on oppression always if it remain ascribed the distress in Ireland to a without check. However, men do not want of the Protestant religion. There suffer for ever: they break out at last. was a Captain B. HARCOURT, who said There has been no want of spirit in the that "Scriptural knowledge alone would Irish; they have often enough endea be the only cure." There was an Hovoured to rescue themselves from their nourable and Reverend Gerard Noel, state of horrible degradation; and if who looked upon popery as one of the Ireland had been a country not de- causes of the distress. There was a pendent upon any other, it would never Reverend Mr. ARMSTRONG, who said have been brought into its present state; that the way to cure the evil was to but there always has been this great propagate the Gospel in Ireland, and country to overlay it with; and the who regarded the Catholic religion as people of this country have been con- the great curse of the country, and stantly deceived with regard to that cause of the distress. Then came Mr. country: the infernal policy of making HENRY DRUMMOND; 'and with regard to the two people hate one another, has his speech, I must make a most honourbeen pursued for so many years, that it able exception. I have only to insert is hard to make an Englishman believe it. The reader will pronounce upon its that any thing is tyranny, that anything character:-"It was far from him to is oppression, that any-thing is wrong deny the wrongs which Ireland had which is done for the purpose of inflict-" suffered from England; it was far ing injury upon Ireland, and this has " from him to deny the injustice of the been particularly the case since the "church of Ireland, which received the Union of 18OO." "money of the people without being Never shall I forget when the pro- "able so much as to instruct them in position was made for an interchange "their own language. (Hear,_hear.) of the militias. An Act of Parliament "It was also far from him to offer any was passed to authorize the bringing of "apology for the errors of popery. But Irish militia regiments to serve in Eng- "when the Rev. Gentleman spoke of land, and the sending of English militia" moral influence, surely he must know regiments to serve in Ireland. How "that they could not enact laws to enthe sweet House chuckled! How those "force moral influence; and what they who did not laugh out, sniggered, when" had that day to think of was a remedy they heard the mild and gentle CASTLE-" for a tangible and pressing evil. REAGH state, as a reason for this, that " (Applause.) But it might easily be it would introduce the two people to" shown, that let every one subscribe each other; make them more friendly; "his thousands, the evil would still be promote good fellowship and brother-a recurrent one: and it was, therehood among them! Only think of "fore, the duty of the Government to sending a parcel of Englishmen, with "take care of the poorer part of the bayonets upon the top of muskets, to" population, the rich being able to scrape acquaintance with the Irish, and take care of themselves. He meant bringing a parcel of Irishmen here," to say that it was the imperative duty furnished in the same way, to scrape of the Governinent to enact » poorfriendly acquaintance with the English!" laws in Ireland; and it was the duty However, CASTLEREAGH cut his own" of those who supplicated the Castle throat afterwards, at North Cray, in “at Dublin for arms to protect them, Kent; so that he did not dive to see all" to supplicate also for a law by which the happy results of his benevolent " every one who was willing to work wave work tough pło 29 was so scheme. I have spoken with great and de- that he might able to live. lamentable to hear of provisions being “exported from Ireland, when the people there were starving; but this arose from their being sent out of the "country to raise revenues for the ab“sentee landlords who spend their pro"duce here," y 11 9 66 THIMBLE, recorded in the Comedy published in last week's Register, and also in. Twopenny-Trash for June, which closes the first volume of that work, embracing the period from July, 1830, to June, 1831, and now bound up, with Title and Table of Contents, and sold } Now, who is to expect any good from for 2s. 6d. Yes: the nasty feelosofers Irishmen; from Irish landowners, as far are stung to the quick by this mode of as relates to the wretched people of Ire- exposing their impudence, stupidity, land? Here is an English gentleman and beastliness; and one of them has, who has the proper feeling upon the under the sham name of "EDWARD subject. Let me hope that the present LUDLOW," discovered the rage of the Ministry will at once give notice of their nasty crew by sending me the following intention, at any rate, to introduce the letter, which he says I shall take good poor-laws into Ireland, and to enforce care not to publish;" but which I do them for a time, at least, by English publish, not because I am dared to do magistrates paid for their services. If it, but because it will give my readers a the Ministry do not propose a measure good specimen of the "elementary" of this sort, such a measure must be principles, as this nasty beast calls them, proposed, and will be proposed and car- of their " beautiful science." I beg my ried, by a reformed Parliament. It is readers to peruse it with attention, for impossible that the thing can go on as here they will find the grand argument it does now. Poor-laws for Ireland is of the nasty feelosofers. one of the pledges to be insisted upon from Members of a reformed ParliaLondon, May 30, 1831. ment. For the want of those poor-laws the editor of a public paper to deprecate' the SIR, It is usual for a writer who addresses Ireland is a source of weakness instead severity of his censure, if not to conciliate his of strength to England; a constant favour, by some expressions of respect. I, drain upon her resources; a constant Sir, will not deign to falsify my opinion, seat of danger to the whole kingdom, besides the monstrous inhumanity of suffering any part of the kingdom to be in such a state of oppression and misery. Every day it is natural to expect some terrible convulsion in some part or other of that Island; and, which I deem no small part of the evil, the wretched state in which the working people have been brought down to there, serves as an encouragement for grinding tyrants to attempt the same here. The people here have showed them, indeed, that these attempts shall never be attended with success; but while the encouragement exists, the attempts may be made, and all the troubles, and all the other dismal consequences, will follow. SURPLUS POPULATION." THE doctors of the NASTY school are stung to the very quick by the adventures of their great master, SQUIRE whether it is right or wrong, by the affecta- and laughably ignorant enough not to know reference to its highest attainable state of that the Greek Church R -being. the days of the Apostles, by whom it You are at liberty to publish this letter, but was founded, until the present hour; that I guess you will take good care to do no such the Greek Church, of which the greatest emrithing. ) EDWARD in violent world to th pire is a ever been Latin Church, Now, ( 1576 EDWARD LUDLOW, 1963 670 32MR zen bas me to G 1 and that it is only by translation from the language of the former that the latter knows nasty feelosofer, I answer the any-thing of the Christian, Scriptures. A four first questions with a YES; but man, I say, may be so monstrously ignorant the fifth I answer with a NO. Here we as not to know those very simple aud notorious facts, and yet not be grossly stupid; have, then, the grand argument of the Here we but I do hold it to be quite impossible that shallow and nasty beasts! any man, not utterly and incurably stupid, have the basis of their momentous, could have been for many years writing, as complex, and beautiful science." The you have been, on the subject of population, nasty creatures, know, that nobody, can without ever attaining a knowledge of the very first and simplest rudiments of the deny the truth of their observations, as science. To show blunders in complex nu- they apply to stock, kept upon a farm; merical computations to a man ignorant of and not being able to discriminate be, the first rules of arithmetic, would be a sort tween that case and the case of a nation, of folly which I will not commit on the pre- they think that their conclusion is unsa sent occasion. I will, therefore, confine myself to a few elementary questions, the ob- answerable, and they rush on to it vious and true answers to which are in direct with all the eagerness and glee of a cons repugnance to your ludicrous opinions. ceited fool who imagines that he has discovered some hitherto-hidden idea: that he is bringing forth..: 11 14 1. Stock a farm of 1000 acres, of the richest pasture land, with one breeding pair of the ox, horse, and sheep tribes of animals; leave them to multiply, in obedience to the unrestrained instincts of nature, and will they not multiply until the said pasture is unable to maintain the augmented numbers otherwise than in a state of the most severe privation under which animal life can possibly exist? 2. Would not the same result inevitably occur if the whole island of Great Britain were of the richest pasture, and similarly stocked ? : 3. To keep down the mouths on his pasture to a level with its capacity to feed them, does not the grazier have recourse to various violent means such as slaughtering the animals of all ages, removing them away from his land, incapacitating them from breeding, by separating the sexes, and by other means? And if he were not so to do, would not his farm inevitably in time be overstocked? If the mind of this fellow were not as stupid as it is nasty, he would have perceived that there is no analogy in the two cases; that a nation, or people, have to provide for their own wants, have to create by their own skill, care, and toil, that which they eat, drink, wear, and are warmed and lodged with; whereas the stock upon as farm have e their wants provided for by others; they create nothing; they uses no skill, sno care; they labour not at all; but have... every-thing provided for them by the skill and labour of inau and the labour.. of those other animals that man calls inst to his assistance, ANM,DX Das sol It is curious to observe how this nasty-minded fellow, resting upon the propensities and tendencies of nature, 5. If the aforesaid violent means of physical flies off, at once, for an illustration, into t prevention, applied, as aforesaid, to the mul a state wholly artificiul, and talks of the tiplication of four-legged creatures, cannot be applied to that of two-legged creatures, multiplication of animals in this state,.. will not the latter inevitably overstock the instead of animals in a state of naturepai country, unless their excessive multiplica- where they have to provide for their s tion be prevented by some moral restraint thereon ?of own wants, and to seek for the means of # When you show that you clearly understand their own defence and preservations the preceding very simple questions, and the What! nasty, impudent, and stupidin pound some of hers may probably pro- beast, you want to show us how fastad which may lead to the elements of the momentous, complex, and animals would increase, if left to the ? beautiful science, that treats of the multi-unrestrained instinctsofɛnuture," zandɗ) plication of the human species, viewed with as a proof of it, you cites what would bɛəd 4. Is not the multiplication of all classes of animal nature, biped and quadruped, or man and beast, governed by the very same laws or principles ? proper answers I A the increase of a flock, guarded during time in watchings and in labour. Feed the day by the shepherd and his the magpies, and take care of them, 7 But folded at night, and pampered upon and they will be as plentiful and as insograss, clover, and turnips, created for lent as pensioners, and you must soon them and almost put into their mouths, begin to eat them (sweet morsels !),. by the labour of men and horses! You or to kill them at least, or they will fill are a pretty beast to reason upon ana- the air with their chattering. I found, logy! You are a pretty beast to show at Barn-Elm, a dove-house with about us what would be the effect of leaving fifty-pair of pigeons. I let them get animals to the unrestrained instinets their own living in the three years of nature !!' PIPESCUTC they did not give us fifty young ones, To make your argument of analogy and their population fell off, at last, to worth a straw, you ought to have gone about fifteen pair. I had a little pigeonfor any illustration, not to flocks and house at Kensington, set out with four herds, tended and fed and nursed and pair, that soon began to take enough physicked by the hand of man, but to young ones for a pigeon-pie›once‹3a' those untamed animals which acknow-week; and yet, in about two years, they ledge no owner, and which provide for increased to such numbers, that I was. their own wants and their own protec- compelled to slaughter the whole by tion. Of these the sparrow, the rook, shooting, and to begin again. the rabbit, the hare, the pheasant, the here they were fed three times a day wood-pigeon, the partridge, and some abundantly, and whenever they went others, are, in part, provided for by from home it was for diversion, and not man; yet it is not without great diffi- to seek food. Here was “surplus culty that some of them can be made population;" and here was the cause." to increase. But, the foxes, the badgers, These lazy devils at Kensington got all the otters, the weazles, the stoats, the the food and none of the work; and pole-cats; why do they not overrun therefore I was compelled to "check the country? They are killed by man their population," and finally, to destroy and other animals; aye, now-and-then them. one, but not in so great a proportion The blackbirds and thrushes someas men are killed in various strifes, and times rob man a little, but the tom-tits, ↑ by accidents arising out of their state goldfinches, nightingales, swallows, in civil society. And why do not these martens, hedge-sparrows, and peckers, animals (all great breeders) cover the and numerous other birds, live wholly land, then? They are left to the "un-on worms and buds and insects and restrained instincts of nature;" aye, seeds of weeds. There is never any but they are also left to get their own overstock of them, though nobody kills living/otos work for what they eat. them; but there would be an overstock Mice and rats, indeed, absolutely de-of all of them, if man were to feed mand cats and traps to check the them, and to provide them with nests population" of them; and, why? Be- and protection, and were never to de cause the food on which they live is stroy any of them. My little farmprovided for them by the hand of man. yard, at Kensington, contains, at preTake that artificial provision away, sent, two cows, a bull-calf, two old and there will be no need of rats and sows, five male pigs and seven females, traps to keep them down. And, mag-all these about three months old, two pies, now; why do not they fill the cocks, ten hens, and about seventeen woods and devour us? Who ever kills pigeons. Here, if I were to let them a magpie? The most artful of birds, the all remain in their natural state, to purmost vigilant, so nearly a match for the sue the "unrestrained instincts of narr hawk, that the latter never attacks him. ture," and to go on calving, pigging Seldom is this nest molested and yet, and hatching, there would be a goodly this is "rather a rare birds. And why assemblage in a short time there would because he is contipelled to pass bisbe "surplus population indeed & a Butylą |