Combined Heat & Power Generating Systems

amounts annual costs annual fixed back-pressure cycle back-pressure heat back-pressure outlet back-pressure turbine set back-pressure turbogenerator set calculated coefficient combined heat combined production index combined system condensing cycle condensing power plant corresponding cubature demand for heat district heating water electrical and heat electrical energy electrical power output energy characteristics extraction steam extraction-condensing turbine extraction-condensing turbogenerator sets fixed costs formula gas turbine gas-steam systems heat and power heat diagram heat energy delivered heat exchanger heat load heat output delivered high-pressure hot water boiler industrial heat inlet parameters kJ/kg live steam MJ/s optimum ordered diagram outlet steam peak-load heat output process heat rated relative increment specific costs specific fuel consumption specific heat demand specific investment costs steam boilers steam enthalpy steam flow steam turbine set substitute condensing power substitute heating plant thermodynamic turbine outlet variable costs