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ACTIONS AND SUITS- continued.
II. Particular varieties of, considered
continued.
Transitory actions-continued.
Why so called
363
Trespass on the case,
Nature of,
Grounds of
365
Trover,
Nature of,
Ground of
366
See also title WRITS.
III, Defences to suits in Equity :
Acquiescence,
Its nature,
Its effect in abridging the Stat.
of Limitations,
Its effect as an estoppel,
Its effect upon a breach of
covenant
10-11
Caveat Emptor,
In absence of warranty
54
Champerty
56
Collusion
68
Drunkenness
125
Duress
125
Insanity
190
Laches
205
See also title EQUITY.
IV. Defences to actions at Law :
Actio non accrevit infra sex
annos
11
Amends, tender of,
Cases in which this defence
available
24
Apology,
In cases of libel
26
Breach of promise of marriage,
Unchastity of female,
Having had a bastard
50
Caveat emptor,
In absence of warranty
54
Champerty
Collusion
68
Condonation.
77
De son tort demesne,
When pleaded,
Traversing command, as to 117
Drunkenness
125
Duress,
(a.) To the person,
(6.) To the goods
125
Indebitatus assumpsit,
Under C. L. P. Act, 1852 185
Insanity.
190
Justification
204
Molliter manus imposuit
242
Nihil debet
250
Nihil habuit in tenementis . 250
Non assumpsit
251
Non assumpsit infra sex annos 251
Non cepit
251
Non damnificatus
251
Non detinet
251
Non est factum
251
Comparative disuse, reason
for,
Under rules H. T. 1853, Under C. L. P. Act, 1854, Rule absolute in first instance
39-40 Campbell's (Lord) Act, Proceedings under
51
Cross action,
What is,
Necessity for
105
Cross bill,
What is,
Necessity for,
Abolition of, Judicature Act,
1873
105
- Detinue,
Case for, Option under C. L. P. Act,
1854,
Jurisdiction in equity
118
Devastavit,
Action for, against executors 118 Devisavit vel non
118 In personam,
Distinguished from in rem 189 Interpleader,
Occasion for,
Under C. L. P. Act, 1860 193
Local action,
As distinguished from tran-
sitory,
Under Judicature Act, 1873 221 Mixed actions
241
Personal,
What actions are
276
Popular actions,
Why so called
281
Possessory action
282
Quare clausum fregit,
Nature of,
Ground of
298
Quare impedit,
Case for,
Under C. L. P. Act, 1860 298
Qui tam actions
Replevin,
Nature of,
Case for
311
Suit at Law
318
Suit in Equity
319
Transitory actions,
ACTIONS AND SUITS_continued.
IV. Defences to actions at Law-contd.
Not guilty,
(1.) In criminal cases,
(2.) In civil cases
252
Nol tiel record
257
Privileged communication,
Grounds of
290
Riens arrear
316
Riens per descent
316
Se defendendo
323
Solvit ad diem
335
Son assault demesne
335
V. Incidents of actions and suits :
Adjournment
12
Attachment,
Its operation,
Its uses, either
(1.) To compel appearance,
or (2.) To punish for con-
tempt
Attendance of witnesses,
Mode of compelling
37
Bail,
(A.) In civil cases,
Varieties of,
(1.) Bail below,-what
PAGE
ACTIONS AND SUITs-continued.
V. Incidents of actions and suits-con.
Confession
77
Cross demands,
What are
105
Defence.
113
Dispauper
120 Double costs, Abolition of
124
Formâ pauperis,
What it is to sue in,
Order of Court for so suing,
Time for obtaining order 160
Imparlance,
Utility of,
Abolition of
181
In formâ pauperis
Non est inventus
· 251 Notice of action . Repleviable
· 311 Replevy:
311
See also tits. JUDGMENT ;
JURIES; PROCEDURE;
WRITS.
VI. Remedies otherwise than by action
or suit :
Abatement of nuisance
Abjuration of realm,
Manner of it,
Abolition of it
3-4
Adverse claim,
Ground for summons to inter-
plead
16
Attachment, debts,
Mode of proceeding under 17
& 18 Vict. c. 125,
No attachment of wages, 33
& 34 Vict. c. 30
36
Attachment, foreigo,
Places where admissible,
Mode of proceeding,
Lord Mayor's Court .
36
Distress,
Power of, what is, and how
given,
Requisites to, Things liable to, Things not liable to, Things conditionally exempt, Place for distraining,
General rule with exceptions 121
Distress infinite,
What is
121-122
Foreign attachment
159
Fresh disseisin
170
Fresh force
170
Fresh suit
170
Garnishee
171
Impound,
What it is,
Duties of impounder.
182
Levant and couchant
216
Mandamus,
(1.) At Common Law,
(2.) Under C. L. P. Act, 1854 225
(4.) Common bail,--what
it is
40-41
(B.) In criminal cases,
(1.) In cases of felony,
(2.) In cases of misdemea-
nour
41
Calling the plaintiff,
Amounts to a non-suit
51
Carrying costs,
Meaning of,
Where damages under 40s.,
certificate
53
Certiorari,
Writ of,
Occasions for .
54
Challenge,
Varieties of,
(1.) Against persons,
(a.) To the array,—what
is, and grounds of,
(6.) To the polls,—what
is, and grounds of,
(2.) Against things
55
Chambers,
Proceedings at
55
Cognovit actionem,
What it is,
Requisites to execution of,
Filing of
67
Compromise of suit
72
Conduct-money,
What is,
Mode of estimating
77
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ACTIONS AND SUITS—continued.
VI. Remedies otherwise than by action
or suit-continued.
Peremptory mandamus,
When granted
273
Prohibition,
Nature of,
Early uses of,
Time for issuing :
292
Recaption
302
Re-entry
306
Sanctuary
320
Seisin of heriots
324
Suit of the King's peace
349
ADMIRALTY LAW, Admiralty, Court of,
Jurisdiction of, County Court jurisdiction, Peculiarities of procedure,
Effect of judgments in Admiralty 14-15
Collision
68
Flotsam
158
Fanus nauticum
158
General ship,
What is,
Two varieties of
172
Harbours
175
Jetsam,
How distinguished from flotsam,
How distinguished from lagan 196
Navigation,
Right of public,
In public river, Public right extinguished, Public easemel
247
Pilotage,
Necessity for,
Statutes regarding,
Charges for.
277
Port,
Requisites to,
What it includes
Primage
287
Prize,
Jurisdiction in
290
Salvage,
What is,
What services entitle to, Success of services, Forfeiture of, Persons entitled to, Amount of
319
See also title CONTRACTS; sub-
title MERCANTILE; and title
INTERNATIONAL Law.
BANKRUPTCY LAW,
Absconding debtor,
Under Debtors Act, 1869,
Under Absconding Debtors Act,
1870
Absenting oneself (see next title) 4
Act of bankruptcy,
What it is,
Varieties of it under Bankruptcy
Act, 1869
11
BANKRUPTCY LAW—continued.
Assignees, now called trustees,
Take subject to all equities
35
Bankruptcy,
Persons liable to be made bankrupts,
Six grounds for making bankrupt,
Time for presenting petition,
Jurisdiction in bankruptcy,
(1.) London district,
(2.) Country district,
Powers of Chief Judge of London
district,
Effects of adjudication in,
(1.) As to vesting of property,
(2.) As to duties and powers of
trustee,
Close of the,
(1.) Order of discharge,
(2.) Undischarged bankrupt,
(a.) Three years' immunity,
(6.) Unpaid balance after
42-43
Commission of bankrupt,
The appointment of,
The duties of,
Their disuse
69
Composition with creditors,
What it is,
Mode of carrying out,
Validity of, reason for,
Under Bankruptcy Act, 1869 72
Fiat,
What was,
Its disuse.
156
Fraudulent gifts,
(1.) By the Common Law (see
Common Law, Heads of),
(2.) By Equity Law (see Equity
Law, Heads of),
(a.) Under 13 Eliz. c. 5, and
27 Eliz. c 4,
(6.) Under Bills of Sale Act,
1854,
(3.) Under Bankruptcy Act, 1869,
(a.) Fraudulent conveyance,
&c., 6 months before
order of adjudication,
s. 6,
(6.) Order and disposition
clause, s. 15,
(c.) Executions levied fewer
than 14 days before notice of act of bank-
ruptcy, s. 87,
(d.) Post-nuptial settlements,
(aa.) Made within 2 years
of bankruptcy,
(65.) Made between 2 and
10 years of bank-
ruptcy,
(cc.) Made beyond 10
PAGE
BANKRUPTCY LAW-continued.
Bankruptcy-continued.
Fraudulent gifts—continued.
What acts are not fraudulent,
(a.) Contracts made bonâ fide and
for value,
(6.) Executions executed by
seizure in case of land,
Executions executed
by
seizure and sale in case of
gouds, Executions in either case be-
fore order of adjudica- tion
166-169
Insolvency,
Courts for, origin of,
Abolition of,
Operation of
190
Letter of licence,
What was
215
Liquidation,
(1.) Distinguished from bankruptcy,
(2.) Distinguished from composition 220
Petitioning creditor
277 Privileged debts
290
Provisional assignee,
Modern substitute for
295
Wain, wainage, Protected in bankruptcy
382
COMnox Law,
1. General sources of,
Custom,
What is,
Varieties of,
(a.) General,
(6.) Particular,
Requisites to validity of parti-
cular
107
Customs of London,
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COMMON LAW-continued.
II. Heads of Common Law Jurisdic.
tion-continued.
Fraud, Remedies for--continued.
Limited availability of these
remedies,
Mode of pleading,
Cases in which Law has juris-
diction, and Equity not 161-165
Fraud, legal apart from moral,
Meaning of phrase,
Not actionable, Cornfoot v.
Fouke
165
Frauds, Statute of,
Contracts requiring to be in
writing under s. 4,
Contracts comprised in, s. 17
165-166
Fraudulent gifts,
Varieties of,
(1.) At Common Law,-cri-
terion of,
(2.) Under stats. of Eliza-
beth,
(a.) 13 Eliz. c. 5,-crite-
rion of,
(6.) 27 Eliz. c. 4,-crite-
rion of,
(3.) Under Bills of Sale Act,
1854-criterion of, (4.) Under Bankruptcy Act, 1869-acriterion of
166-169
Husband and wife,
(1.) Rights of husband,
(a.) Real estate of wife,
(6.) Personal estate of wife,
(2.) Rights of' wife,
(a.) Real estate of husband,
(6.) Personal estate of hus-
band,
(3.) Liabilities of husband,
(4.) Liabilities of wife 179-80
Lien,
What it is,
Varieties of,
(1.) General,
(2.) Particular,
On personal property, depends
on what,
On real property, depends on
what
218
Penalty of a bond
272
Principal and agent,
Principle underlying law of,
Rules regarding.
288
Set-off,
Leases for,
(1.) At Law,
(2.) In Equity
328
And see titles CONTRACTS; CRI-
MINAL LAW; EQUITY LAW;
RCAL PROPERTY LAW; TORTS.
COMPANY Law,
Allotment, letters of
22
How certified
107 Custom of merchants, Reason for acceptance of
107 Declaratory act
112
Law-merchant,
Obligations of,
Reason for same
209
Les mercatoria
217
Usage.
374
And see title COURTS; sub-title
SOURCES OF Law. II. Heads of Common Law jurisdic-
tion, Contracts
81-82
Crime.
104
Delicto, actions ex,
Relation of, to other actions 114
Fraud,
Various definitions of,
Remedies for,
(1.) Action on the case, -
place for, and not,
(2.) Common indebitatus
count,-place for, and
not,
Comparison with partnerships,
Under Private Acts of Parliament,
Under Public Acts of Parliament,
(1.) Banking companies,
(2.) Non-banking companies,
(a.) Under 7 & 8 Vict. c. 110,
(6.) Under 25 & 26 Vict. c. 89,
Registration of, effects of,
Non-registration of, effects of .197-198
Limited liability,
What companies with,
Two varieties of,
(1.) By shares,
(2.) By guarantee,
Mode of registering,
Calls .
219
Liquidator
220
Lloyd's bonds,
COMPANY LAW-continued.
Amalgamate,
Requisites to,
Power to,
Corporations unable to . . . . 23
Apportionment,
Under Lands Clauses Consolidation
Act, 1845.
28
Banks, joint stock, Law prior to 1826, number limited
to six, Law since that year, sixty-five
miles beyond London, Under letters patent, 7 & 8 Vict.
c. 113,
Under Joint Stock Banking Com-
pany Act, 1857, and Companies
Act, 1862
42
Building society,
How constituted,
Subject to Companies Act, 1862,
Now subject to Friendly Societies
Acts
50
Burials,
Constitution of Board .
51
Bye-laws,
What are,
When valid,
When void
51
Calls (see title JOINT STOCK COMPANY) 51
Canals, shares in,
Regulation of carriage and traffic on,
Rights of public over
51
Clubs,
Not within Winding-up Acts,
Right of exclusion
66
Company
72
Compensation,
Lauds Clauses Consolidation Act,
1845
72
Corporation,
What is,
Mode of contracting,
(a.) In ordinary matters,
(6.) In extraordinary matters,
Distinction between executed and
executory contracts,
Case of corporation sole,
under statute . 93
Counties corporate,
What are
95
Debenture,
What is,
Whether within Statute of Frauds,
Mortmain Act,
Interest on
110
Debenture stock,
What is,
Interest on,
No right to vote,
Effect on borrowing power . . . 110 Friendly societies, Regulated by statutes 13 & 14 Vict.
c. 115, and 18 & 19 Vict. c. 63, Individual members not liable,
Their uses and abuses
221 Municipal corporation
246
Public company
296
Railway companies
301
Savings bank
321
Schools
321
Sole corporation
335
Spiritual corporations .
338
Winding-up,
What is,
Mode of,
Statutes regarding
388
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW,
1. The relation of sovereign and subject:
Abdication
Abjuration,
Nature of,
Oath of, its origin,
21 & 22 Vict. c. 48. 3
Present form of 3-4
Alien (see next title).
20
Allegiance,
Definition of,
Four varieties of, namely,
(1.) Natural-definition of,
(2.) Acquired-
(3.) Local-
(4.) Legal -
Decision in Calvin's Case,
Permanency of allegiance,
Prior to Naturalization Act,
1870,
Since that Act, Allegiance to sovereign de facto,
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