during the last four years. Having been pastor at Laramie, where the State University is located, I have had occasion to investigate drinking among the students at the university; and one student reported that at the fraternity house, located near the Methodist Church, after a celebration there the drunken students were lying all over the floor of the lower story, and that this student knew this, for he was leaving town on the midnight train and came back to the fraternity for some of his things, and noticed this condition at that time. That complaint was made and a hearing was had, but the matter was hushed up to prevent publicity disparaging to the university. By ROBERT W. SKINNER, principal of Sheridan High School: Conditions in the high school are not bad. However, there are sporadic cases of instances in which intoxicating liquor is a factor. He says that these cases are so rare as to amount to very little. Conditions are infinitely so much better than they have been for more than 20 years. The talk of young children or high-school students using more booze than under the old saloon conditions are not based on the facts; the trouble is now that people take particular instances, and from them draw conclusions as to the children as a whole, when such particular instances are not typical of the entire body of children. There are 900 high-school pupils in this high school, and during this year we have had occasion to discipline but one case for infraction of the rules in which intoxicating liquor was involved. Where intoxicating liquor is contacted by the children is at outside places, in public dances or other places of amusement. It is not a factor in our disciplinary control. COMMENTS AND SUGGESTIONS Search warrants.-The majority of enforcement officers said that one of the most serious obstacles to overcome in enforcement was the narrow rule which the courts were applying in the admission of testimony secured through searches or on open violations. They expressed the wish that the laws regulating searches and seizures might be made uniform in State and Federal jurisprudence, and that such laws should be so enlarged in the Federal statute, so as to allow searches of all places, including homes, on probable cause, for sale, manufacture, or where stored with intent to sell, or to manufacture, or where a still is in operation or in such home. Attitude of juries.-The Federal grand jury will uniformly indict in cases where there is evidence sufficient to warrant the same and petit jurors will convict where cases are properly made and presented to them. This applies also to State juries. Adequate penalties.-The statement made in all quarters that the failure of the United States judge to impose adequate penalties was one of the greatest obstacles to adequate enforcement: that this attitude was reflected in the State courts, and State courts were loath to inflict heavy penalties, when for similar offenses in the United States court very light penalties for similar offenses were being imposed. This fact also makes trading possible, as defendants arrested under State laws will plead guilty if taken before the Federal judge, and will stand trial in the State court. Padlocking. The attitude of the Federal judge on this important matter is again reflected in the State courts and in the hampering of effective enforcement in the Federal court. The padlock provisions of the State law are being invoked in many district courts with good results. Where adequate penalties are imposed there is no congestion or delay in trials, and enforcement is normal; on the other hand, where there is a tendency to impose slight punishment, congestion and delay are the rule, and trading is made possible. United States commissioners' courts.-There was no expression on this matter, it not having been given attention by courts or lawyers, except as noted in the comments of Mr. Walton and Judge Kennedy. Drinking among young people.-Uniformly school authorities did not consider this any problem, and inquiry at the enforcement agencies disclosed no situation indicating that it was any problem in this State. That there were isolated cases of use of liquor by a student was admitted, but there was not any indication of its being a problem anywhere to the extent it was before prohibition. Jones law. Outside of expressions by Mr. Walton and the United States judge, no one ventured an opinion as to its effect on enforcement in this State. Educational work. There was quite a unanimous expression that the Government should carry on educational work among the people, giving facts and figures which might be relied upon, and stimulating the creation of public sentiment favorable to enforcement. Such work is now being done by other departments of the Government. Civil service. It was also quite generally urged that the civil service method of selecting enforcement officers and agents was best adapted to secure properly qualified men for the service, and provided reasonable freedom from political influence. Effect of Mullan, Idaho, conspiracy conviction of public officials.The conviction of the public officers of Mullan, Idaho, for conspiracy to violate the eighteenth amendment, has caused public officials in the entire Northwest to become active in enforcement, and there are pending in this State two cases based upon the same principle, in which 40 people from Rock Springs will be presented for the grand jury and 15 from Thermopolis. Libraries.-Inquiry at libraries in the State indicated considerable interest among people in reading up on prohibition, and most of the libraries examined have standard works on the subject. Newspapers.-Attitude generally favorable to enforcement, although there are some who are favorable only because it is the law, but who do not favor it as a governmental policy. Report of work performed by the prohibition administrator's force__ 33 33 Police courts.. State cases in Federal courts and Federal cases in State courts_ State judiciary- Justice of the peace. Superior courts 38 30 29 30 30 30 Summary of various cases disposed of by circuit court for period 49 Page Colorado, prohibition survey of__ Arrests and seizures by prohibition administrators.. Buyer Seller --- 65 70 76 Colorado Springs. Conditions in_. Cooperation by and with Federal and State officers- Denver and vicinity. Conditions in___ General prohibition conditions_ Drinking-increasing or decreasing-generally and by young people-- Effect of Jones Act... Federal judiciary. Foreign element-- Leadville. Narcotic addicts-liquor relevancy. Negro violations___ Nuisance padlocks-under State law. Population of State. Preliminary statement. Prohibition administrative district_ Pueblo and vicinity. Negroes in Pueblo... Referendums Report of civil cases.. Report of criminal cases_ Search and seizures_ Second offenses.. Sentences, heavy and light-effect of or deterrent of crime.. State cases in Federal courts and Federal cases in State courts. Comparative table of felony convictions in Florida for 28-year period- Exhibits A and B. Federal judiciary- Fruit-fly quarantine stations.- 73 67 76 86 68 68 66 67 67 76 91 97 98 95 97 95 97 96 97 93 91 96 105 112 115 125 114 120 118 120 111 109 Outline of training course of the first class of the customs border patrol State enforcement.. State judiciary. State prohibition act. State prohibition legislation_. Statement Florida, prohibition survey of-Continued. Table indicating achievements of customs patrols in comparison to Georgia, prohibition survey of------ Page 108 105 118 133 Commentary on prohibition enforcement throughout Georgia, article 147 Comments of public officials in Georgia with respect to prohibition 150 Deaths and death rate from alcoholism and cirrhosis of the liver in 150 Prohibition cases disposed of in Federal courts of Georgia during 140 Croner, Frank, prosecuting attorney of Camas County. 197 |