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versed in the Oriental tongues," celebrated the virtues of his second wife, Carola Harsnett, in Hebrew and in Greek; and of his third, Ann Feilding, in Hebrew and in Ethiopic. See Stanley's Westminster Abbey, p. 348; Coombe, II, 38-39; the latter has (Plate 18, opp. p. 37, vol. II) a picture of the monument.

79 24-25 Poets who had no Monuments: Of such Ben Jonson would be a conspicuous example.

79 27 Uninhabited monuments, etc.: "These monuments were chiefly in the northern aisle of the Nave —to General Killigrew, killed in the Battle of Almanza; to Colonel Bingfield, aide-de-camp to the Duke of Marlborough, killed at the Battle of Ramillies, . . ...; to Lieutenant Heneage Twysden, killed at the Battle of Blaregnies, and his two brothers, John and Josiah, of whom the first was lieutenant under Sir Cloudesley Shovel, and perished with him, and the second was killed at the siege of Agremont in Flanders.

66

In the southern aisle was the cenotaph to Major Creed, who fell in his third charge at Blenheim, and was buried on the spot." (Stanley, Historical Memorials of Westminster Abbey, pp. 263–264.)

80 3-4 Sir Cloudesly Shovel's monument: Admiral Sir Cloudesley Shovel (1650-1707) was cast on the shore of the Scilly Islands, after the wreck of his fleet. His monument is in the south aisle of the nave, just before one reaches the south transept. Addison's description is misleading: the figure on the tomb has indeed the "long periwig," but is otherwise attired like a Roman commander. See Coombe's History of Westminster Abbey, Plate 22, vol. II, opp. p. 58.

80 22 Another day: Spect. 329.

81 Motto: Juvenal, Sat., xv, 159:

From spotted skins the leopard does refrain.

TATE.

82 5-9 Liberties with the Opera, etc.: On the opera and the puppet show, see Nos. 5 and 17; on the dress and equipage of persons of quality, Nos. 8 (on masquerades), 16 (on various articles of dress), and 29 (on dress at the opera).

83 7-8 You mention Fox-hunters with . . . little respect: see Tat. 37, of which the authorship is uncertain.

83 15 The good man, etc.: a very old fable. See Pantschatantra, ed. Benfey, I, 602, II, 552; Æsop, ed. Jacobs, I, 258, II, 213–214; Phædrus, Fab., ii, 2; Diodorus Siculus, xxxiii, 10; Jacques de Vitry, Exempla, ccii (ed. Crane, London, 1890, p. 84); Allan Ramsay, Fab. 18 ("In ancient times there is a story"); Clouston, Popular Tales and Fictions, I, 16.

84 20 The Roman Triumvirate: Plutarch's Life of Antony, xix; "for an English version see Skeat's Shakespeare's Plutarch, pp. 168–169. Cf. Julius Cæsar, iv, I.

84 30 Punch: the puppet stage, here sharply opposed to serious drama; cf. Steele in Tatler 115. The standard history of the puppet stage is Charles Magnin's Histoire des marionettes, etc., 2d edition, Paris, 1862; for a short note see the Encycl. Brit., s.v. Punchinello. 85 Motto: Virgil, Æn., vii, 805-806:

Unbred to spinning, in the loom unskill'd. — Dryden.

85 11 Leonora: According to the edition of 1797, Leonora is supposed to have been a Miss Shephe(a)rd, who became Mrs. Perry. She is likewise the Leonora of Spect. 92. The Leonora of No. 163 and the Parthenia of No. 140 are supposed to refer to another Miss Shepherd, a sister of the one named above. Both were descended from Sir Fleetwood Shepheard.

86 12-13 Fagots in the muster of a Regiment: Fagots are dummies, usually either military or political.

86 23 Ogleby's Virgil: John Ogilby (1600-1676) did The Works of Publius Virgilius Maro. Translated by J. Ogilby, two parts, London, 1649; also The Works of Publius Virgilius Maro. Translated, adorn'd with sculpture, and illustrated with annotations, by J. Ogilby, London, 1654. The latter, which the translator entitles his "second English Virgil," is an entirely different work from the edition of 1649.

86 24 Dryden's Juvenal: The Satires Of Decimus Junius Juvenalis Translated into English Verse. By Mr. Dryden, And Several other Eminent Hands. Together with the Satires Of Aulus Persius Flaccus. Made English by Mr. Dryden ... London, MDCXCIII.

86 25 ff. The influence of these huge French romances of the seventeenth century upon English readers cannot easily be overestimated. The excessive love for them on the part of fashionable women is satirized by Steele in Tatler 75 and 139, and in The Tender Husband, i, 1; also by Pope in the Dunciad, ii, 38, and in The Rape of the Lock, ii, 37-38, where the altar to Love has for its foundation "twelve vast French Romances neatly gilt." For more serious discussion of their influence in England, see Jusserand's English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare, chap. 7; on their position in French literature, Petit de Julleville, Histoire de la langue et de la littérature française, IV, chap. 7, § 2, pp. 435 ff., and the bibliography on pp. 460 ff.; Körting, Geschichte des französischen Romans im XVII. Jahrhundert, I, ii, 2, 7, 9; F. Brunetière, Études critiques sur l'histoire de la littérature française, chap. 2.

86 25 Cassandra: Cassandre, 1642, by La Calprenède, was translated by Charles Cotterell, London, 1661, and "By Several Hands," London, 1703. Jusserand (English Novel in the Time of Shakespeare, p. 364) mentions a translation in 1652 ff. Cassandra is a misnomer: the romance is about Cassander, king of Macedon.

86 26 Cleopatra: Cleopatre by La Calprenède, published in twelve volumes between 1647 and 1663, was translated under the title of Hymen's Præludia; or, Love's Masterpiece, etc., 1652-60; there was another edition in 1674.

86 27 Astræa: Astrée, 1610-27, by Honoré D'Urfé, was translated in three folio volumes by a "Person of Quality," 1657-58. The preface is signed J. D. (probably John Davies).

86 28 Sir Isaac Newton's works: No collected edition of the works of Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727) appeared until long after Addison's death; Leonora may be supposed to have had the Principia, 1687, among her folios "finely bound and gilt,” and perhaps with the quartos the English edition of the Opticks, 1704.

86 29 Grand Cyrus: Artamène ou le Grand Cyrus, by Mme. de Scudéry, published 1649-53 in ten volumes under the name of her brother George, was translated into English by F. G., 1653–55.

86 30 Pembroke's Arcadia: The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia, 1590, by Sir Philip Sidney.

86 31 Lock of human understanding: John Locke's (1632-1704) An Essay concerning Humane Understanding, London, 1690. A fifth edition, “with many large additions," was published in 1706.

86 34 Sherlock upon Death: William Sherlock (circ. 1641-1707), Dean of St. Paul's, published his A Practical Discourse concerning Death at London in 1689. It reached a twelfth edition in 1703. It is mentioned in Spect. 289. The third part of Dryden's Miscellany (1693) contains (p. 444) some verses by Prior" To the Reverend Dr. Sherlock, Dean of St. Paul's, on his Practical Discourse concerning Death."

871 Fifteen Comforts of Matrimony: The Fifteen Comforts of Matrimony, an anonymous translation of the popular fifteenth-century French work Quinze joyes de mariage, attributed to A. de la Sale, was published in 1682; The Fifteen Real Comforts of Matrimony, being in requital of the late fifteen Sham-Comforts ... Written by a person of quality of the female sex, in 1683, The Fifteen Comforts of Rash and Inconsiderate Marriage... Done out of French, Fourth edition, with the addition of three Comforts, in 1694.

87 2 Sir William Temple's Essays: The essays of Sir William Temple (1628-1699) were first published in 1680 as Miscellanea. By a Person

of Honour. These were gradually augmented until in a third edition, 1691-92, they appeared in two parts. Miscellanea. The Third Part .. By the late Sir William Temple, Bar. Published by Jonathan Swift, appeared at London in 1701.

87 3 Father Malbranche's search after Truth, translated into English: Two translations were printed in 1694: Malebranch's Search after Truth ... Done out of French from the last Edition [By Richard Sault], London, 1694; and Father Malebranche's treatise concerning the Search after Truth. The whole work compleat . . . all translated by T. Taylor, Oxford, 1694. Addison seems to refer to the latter.

sentences

...

875 The Academy of Compliments: The British Museum has The Academy of Compliments: or, a new way of wooing, etc., London, 1685; and The compleat Academy of Compliments: containing . . . choice together with a collection of the newest songs, etc., London, 1705. There must have been an earlier edition, however, or an earlier book with the same title, for The Academy of Compliments stands first in the library of the Town Gallant (Character of a Town Gallant, 1675, in the Old Book Collector's Miscellany, vol. II, No. 19, p. 5).

87 6 Culpepper's Midwifery: Nicholas Culpepper (1616–1654) published The Compleat Midwife's Practice enlarged . . . 1663, and A Directory for Midwives, 1651.

87 7 Ladies Calling: Of The Ladies Calling, By the Author of the Whole Duty of Man, the British Museum has the second edition, Oxford, 1673; third, 1675; fifth, 1677; seventh, 1700. The Whole Duty of Man has been attributed to a half dozen different people: see Lowndes, Bibliographer's Manual, V2, 2912; Boswell's Life of Johnson, ed. G. B. Hill, II, 239; C. E. Doble in The Academy, Nov., 1882.

87 8 Tales in verse by Mr. Durfey: Thomas D'Urfey (1653–1723), poet and playwright, wrote Tales tragical and comical ... Done into several sorts of English verse... London, 1704. D'Urfey is mentioned in Guardian 29, 67, 82; Tatler 1, 11, 43; Lover 40. Cf. Dunciad, iii, 146, and Essay on Criticism, 616–617:

All books he reads, and all he reads assails,

From Dryden's Fables down to Durfey's Tales.

87 10 Classick Authors in wood: that is, dummy books.

87 12 Clelia Clélie (1654–1661, 10 vols.) by Mme. de Scudéry was translated in five parts, 1656–1661, by John Davies (Parts 1-3) and George Havers (Parts 4-5).

87 14 Baker's Chronicle: A Chronicle of the Kings of England from the Time of the Romans Government unto the Raigne of our Soveraigne

Lord King Charles, etc., London, 1643. Sir Roger's principal authority for English history. It reached a ninth edition in 1696.

87 15 Advice to a Daughter: The Lady's New-Years Gift; or, Advice to a Daughter, by George Savile (1633–1695), Marquis of Halifax. See his Miscellanies, ed. 1704, pp. 1-84.

87 16 New Atalantis: Secret Memoirs and Manners of Several Persons of Quality, of Both Sexes, From the New Atalantis, an Island in the Mediterranean, London, 1709, by Mrs. Mary de la Rivière Manley (1672?-1724). See her life in the Dict. Nat. Biog. See also Tatler 210, 224; Guardian 53, 63, 107; Theatre 26; Steele's Letters, ed. John Nichols, 1787, I, 274, II, 455.

87 17 Mr. Steele's Christian Heroe: The Christian Hero: an Argument proving that No Principles but those of Religion are sufficient to make a Great Man, London, 1701.

...

87 18 Prayer book . . . Hungary water: cf. Spect. 79, especially the couplet, which Dr. Johnson says is anonymous:

Together lye her Prayer-Book and Paint,

At once t' improve the Sinner and the Saint.

Cf. also Pope's Rape of the Lock, i, 138: “Puffs, Powders, Patches, Bibles, Billet-doux."

...

87 20 Dr. Sacheverell's Speech: The Speech of Henry Sacheverell, D.D., upon his Impeachment at the bar of the House of Lords. March 7, 1710, London, 1710. The Sacheverell literature is very large (see Madan's Sacheverell Bibliography, Oxford, 1887, and the note at the end of the article in the Dict. Nat. Biog.), but the point for us to note is simply that during his trial for "malicious, scandalous, and seditious libels" he was eagerly supported by Tory ladies. Lady Wentworth writes (6 March, 1710): “Sacheverell will make all the Ladys turn good huswivs, they goe att seven every mornin." (Wentworth Papers, p. 113.) Cf. Tat. 142; Spect. 57.

87 21 Fielding's Tryal: The Arraignment, Tryal, and Conviction of R. Fielding,. London, 1708. Robert ("Beau") Fielding was tried for bigamy. See Tat. 50, 51; Wentworth Papers, 14 Dec., 1705; 29 July, 1706; Luttrell's Brief Relation, etc., 29 June, 2 July, 25 July, 1706; Jesse, Memoirs of the Court of England from ... 1688 to the Death of George the Second, II, 255 ff. The case is reported at length in State Trials, ed. 1730, vol. V.

87 22 Seneca's Morals: Inasmuch as Leonora had her classic authors "in wood," this Seneca was very likely the translation by Sir Roger L'Estrange, which reached its tenth edition in 1711.

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