of Sir Philip of Powderham, M.P. 1427 (q.v.); fought on the Yorkist side at Tewkesbury 1471; created Knight Banneret.

1483. January. No returns found.

RICHARD III.

(One parliament, no returns extant.)

Summary:-53 parliaments, 39 returns for Devon, 78 names, and about 46 separate individuals.

III. INDEX OF NAMES.

The number of times elected for Devon is prefixed to each name, and the date of the first election is appended. (1) Archdeacon, Thomas, of Dartington (?) (1420).

(1) Arundell, John, of Bideford (1414).

(1) Austell, John, of Monkokehampton (?) (1449). (1) Bamfield, John, of Poltimore (1429). (1) Beaumont, Philip, of Gittisham (1467). *(13) Bonville, Sir William I., of Shute (1371). (3) Bonville, Sir William II., of Shute (1422). (1) Carminow, Thomas, of Ashwater (1442). (1) Cary, Sir Philip, of Cockington (1433). (12) Cary, Sir Robert, of Cockington (1407).

(1) Challons, Sir Robert, of Plympton St. Mary (1420).. (2) Champernowne, Sir Roger, of Bere Ferrers (1433). (3) Chudleigh, James, of Ashton (1429).

(2) Cole, Sir John, of Brixham (1417). (2) Copleston, John, of Colebrook (1421). *(3) Courtenay, Sir Hugh, of Haccombe (1395). (1) Courtenay, Sir John, of Powderham (?) (1477). *(8) Courtenay, Sir Philip I., of Powderham (1383). (2) Courtenay, Sir Philip II., of Powderham (1427). (1) Courtenay, Sir Philip III., of Molland (1472). (1) Dowrish, Thomas, of Sandford (1467). (1) Dynham, Charles, of Lympstone (?) (1477). *(2) Esturmy, Sir William, of Braunton (1391). (1) Fortescue, Sir Henry, of Woodleigh (1421). *(4) Grenville, Sir John, of Bideford (1388). (1) Hatch, John, of Beaford (1449).

* Also indexed in Part II. (Trans. XLV., p. 266).

(3) Hankford, Sir Richard, of Monkleigh (1414).
(1) Hill, Sir Robert, of Modbury (1442).

(1) Holland, Richard, of St. Thomas (1430).
(1) Huddesfield, Sir William, of Shillingford (1472).
(4) Hingeston, William, of Kingston (1447).
(2) Luttrell, Sir Hugh, of Dunster (1406).
(1) Mules, Sir John, of Swimbridge (1432).
(1) Pomeroy, Edward, of Berry Pomeroy (1419).
(4) Pomeroy, Sir Thomas, of Berry Pomeroy (1403).
(2) Pyne, Edmund, of Upton Pyne (1403).

(1) Radford, Nicholas, of Cheriton Fitzpayne (1435).
(1) Ralegh, Walter, of Axminster (1453).
(1) Reynell, Walter I., of Sherford (1404).
(1) Reynell, Walter II., of Sherford (1453).

(1) St. Aubyn, Sir John, of Combe Raleigh (1414).
(1) Speke, Sir John, of Bramford Speke (1436).
(1) Stretch, John, of Kentisbeare (?) (1399).
(1) Vere, Sir Robert, of Haccombe (1455).
(1) Wadham, Sir John, of Branscombe (1400).
(3) Wyse, Thomas, of Marystow (1432).

Of the forty-six members in this list five (Bonville I., H. Courtenay, P. Courtenay I., Esturmy, and Grenville) achieved between them twenty-four elections in parliaments preceding 1399. Adding these twenty-four to the seventyeight individual returns in the Schedule, we get the total of the numbers in the brackets, one hundred and two.

NOTE A.-Trans. XLV., p. 251. The statute of 1372, excluding lawyers in practice, was not observed in the Devon election of 1421, when Henry Fortescue was returned. If "John Fortescu, jun.", M.P. for Tavistock in 1419, and three times subsequently, was Henry's brother, the lawyer, the statute was also infringed there. Vivian, who uses Lord Clermont's History of the Fortescue Family, states that the Tavistock M.P. was John of Wimpston in Modbury, Henry's cousin; but the Lincoln's Inn entry of the great lawyer also describes him as John Fortescu, jun.", and this description is consistent with his being the son of Sir John, Captain of Meaux; whereas John of Wimpston was the son of William. Altogether the election for Tavistock and subsequently for Totnes and Plympton, of John the lawyer, can be fairly fitted in with the other facts in his career. It is also doubtful whether John of Wimpston was born before 1400; John the lawyer certainly was.

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NOTE B.-Trans. XLV., p. 264. According to the Devon peerage case of 1831, when the title was successfully claimed by the descendants of Sir Philip Courtenay of Powderham, the sons of Hugh, second Earl of Devon, should be placed in the following order (1) Hugh, who left no descendants; (2) Edward, from whom the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century earls were descended ; (3) William, Archbishop of Canterbury; (4) Humphrey; (5) Sir Peter, Constable of Windsor Castle; (6) Sir Philip, head of the Powderham branch. There were two other sons, John and Thomas, and ten daughters. The pedigrees in Burke, Dugdale, and Vivian each give the sons in an order differing from this and from each other.

NOTE C.-Trans. XLV., p. 268. The number of elections credited to Sir John Stretch should be " (3)" and not “(4).” In consequence of this alteration "Stretch" should be omitted in line 20, the "six" in line 19 should read “five,” “seven" in line 21 should read "six," "ten" in line 22 should read nine," and "sixty" in line 23 should read fifty-nine."

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NOTE D.-In addition to the returns obtained from the Blue Book 69, lists of members are given by Browne Willis in his Notitia Parliamentaria. These lists are not always trustworthy; some of Edward II.'s parliaments have been assigned to the reign of Edward III., and in one place the members for Derby are given under Devon; apart from these defects, obviously due to disarrangement of the author's notes, the information supplied is a valuable means of checking the Blue Book entries.

SOME BIRDS OF INTEREST ON DARTMOOR.

BY E. A. S. ELLIOT, M.R.C.S., M.B.O.U.

(Read at Tavistock, 23rd July, 1914.)

THE Sea Eagle, or Erne, used to breed regularly on more than one tor on the Moor-there are no less than seven Eagle rocks or tors on the moor-but the birds that breed there, or used to, are without doubt Buzzards, for to a moorman all large birds are Eagles; but there are one or two exceptions, one being the Dewerstone, where this species undoubtedly bred, and also on the outskirts of the Buckland Woods, where there was an aery also. Around this aery, or nest, will be found a veritable larder-game of all sorts, both flesh and fowl-and it is interesting to note the connection of the word "area," as given to the below-stairs portion of our town houses, with aery, and as a place where prey, or at any rate fodder, can always be obtained. The word too seems to denote size; as described by Johnson an enclosed place, as lists or a bowling-green.

"In areas vary'd with Mosaick art

Some whirl the disk, and some the jav'lin dart."-POPE.

The Moor seems to me to be the home of the Buzzard, although it is true our storm-swept cliffs seem equally so; but to certain places on the Moor the birds repair year after year to build their nest and rear their progeny. One such place occurs to me at the back of Three Barrows, where in a small clump of holly bushes not more than a few feet in height I found three nests, evidently of successive generations. Here indeed they find,

"Where the fox loves to kennel, the Buzzard to soar
All boundless and free o'er the rugged Dartmoor "

The Buzzard, in common with the Glead or Kite, was of some use to our forefathers in keeping the streets of their cities clean, whilst the bard of Avon records their presence there in King Richard III.:

"More pity that the eagle should be mew'd
While Kites and Buzzards are at liberty."

You will perhaps notice the word "mew'd," which literally means stabled, and is a term much in evidence in the metropolis even to the present day. There is little doubt the streets would have been in a much more filthy condition were it not for these scavengers.

The Peregrine Falcon, or Cliff Hawk, is stated to be seen only on the Moor, which is somewhat strange, as many of the tors would make ideal nesting sites; I expect the explanation is the question of food, the cliffs providing amply with gulls, whilst ground game would be difficult to detect amongst the heather and feathered prey scarce. The Peregrine was beloved of falconers, and no doubt many of you have seen those interesting cases of this bird hawking in full panoply of the chase with its prey, and which were flown regularly by an old-time resident of Chudleigh, and which are now in the Albert Memorial Museum at Exeter. In the language of Falconry the male is called a "tiercel" and the female a "falcon." Towards the end of April the Kingsbridge bird-stuffer had a male Hobby brought him, shot in South Milton parish, but as the farmer had kept it three weeks, he could do nothing with it, and the bird unfortunately was thrown away. It is a pity it was not brought to me, as by placing a bird in methylated spirit a short time it is possible to skin it, however tender, and the plumage will come up all right on drying. Perhaps any budding taxidermists present will take the hint; it is one not generally known. The name Hobby is a corruption of the French haubois, because of the fact that the birds frequent large woods. Like all birds of prey, it is shot on sight, which is a great pity, as the bird is beneficial to mankind, its food being wholly insectivorous.

About the same time a beautiful little male Merlin (a hawk which also occurs on Dartmoor) was brought in, shot in Slapton parish. I have little doubt the bird breeds on the Moor-it nests on the ground amongst heatheras I often see it in my perambulations during the summer months.