10.-PROMISCUOUS EXERCISES.

Analyze-He above the rest stood like a tower. Thee I revisit now with bolder wing. See golden days, fruitful of golden deeds. Evil, be thou my good. They need from head to foot well understand. At once the four spread out their starry wings. Solitude sometimes is best society. He bid his angels turn askance the poles. The morn begins her rosy progress, smiling. His tongue could make the worse appear the better reason. A cloud was drawn round about him like a radiant shrine. The scout obtains the brow of yon high climbing hill. The shrill lark carols clear from her ærial tower. She seems cold, not cordial. I can make my audit up. How old art thou? Not so young, sir, to love one for trifling. I have years on my back, forty-eight. He sunk the vessel many fathoms deep. He made ready his chariot. Pride, like an eagle, builds among the stars. Haste away, we must measure twenty miles to-day. Not know me yet? cold-hearted towards me. Friends am I with you all. Pity melts the soul to love. Thanks to you all at once, and to each one.

My young remembrance cannot parallel

A fellow to it. The innocent sleep.

Sleep that knits up the ravell'd skein of care. Better Macbeth,
Than such a one to reign. I take my leave of you,
Shall not be long but I'll be here again.

La loi, lex. Beau, bellus. Raro, rarement. Venire, venir. Paratus ad aperiendum, prêt à ouvrir. Video illum venire, le vois venir, or qui vient. Illam videndi laetitia facta est, il eut le plaisir de la voir. Faciendum est nobis, il nous faut faire. Pax facta est, la paix est faite. Timeo ut pax facta sit, ne soit pas faite. Etre riche n'est rien. Je la vis en venant. Videre est credere, voir c'est croire. Je puis le voir. Errare est humanum, errer est humain. Cupio ut vos videam, je desire de vous voir. Voulez-vous aller? Irez-vous?

DETERMINATIVES.

Sapiens est felix, le sage est heureux. Postpono illi hoc vinum, je préfère ce vin-là à celui-ci. Pes frigore dolet, j' ai froid aux pieds. Noster liber est, le livre est à nous. Quaeque aetas, chaque âge. Omnes, tout le monde. Alter veniet, l'un ou l'autre. Alii alii, les uns, les autres. Aliquos amicos, quelques amis. Quinque equi, cinq chevaux, caballi. Quinta pars, la cinquième. Talis homo, un tel homme.

SIMPLE SENTENCE-THE NOUN,

Johannis equo le cheval de Jean. Poculum, un verre à vin. Occasio videndi, une occasion de voir; evKaipia Tov ideiv. Ejus est liber, le livre est à elle. Negotiator est, il est négociant. Vanitas putandi, de le penser. Te facit regem, te fait roi. Illi potestatem do, lui, puissance. Diem totum, tout le jour, calne daeg. Mille passus ivi, un mille." Decem assibus, vingt sous un franc. Domum veniendo, en venant à la maison. Cette maison est à louer.

Tempus discedendi, il est temps de partir. Domum redìê runt, ils retournèrent chez eux. Je lui ai donnè un bouquet, illi florum fasciculum dedi. Aurea mala nummo aureo (viginti et uno solidis) valent, les oranges coûtent (se vendent) une guinée le cent. Il faut l'aider. Tempus studendi, temps d'étudier, tima to lærenne xaipos тou μáleiv. Adjuvandum est.

THE ADJECTIVE.

Viam facit rectam, il fait le chemin droit. Similis illi, semblable à lui. Plures annos, plusieurs années. Sex annos natus, j'ai six ans. Murus decem pedes altus, haut de dix pieds. Quinque solidis, cinq schelings.

L'exercice rend le corps sain, Exercitatio corpus facit sanum. Le malheur l'e rendu sage. C'est une femme charmante. Je fais toutes choses nouvelles. L'oiseau vole haut, avis volat alta. J'ai vingt-six ans. Je suis âgé de vingt-six ans. Un appartement de dix pieds de longueur, longum decem pedes conclave. Animum dubium fecisti. Domum reddidi inanem. Denarii denos aeris valebant. Trium iter dierum patet. Retro cedas.

Rapidissime, fort rapidement.

ADVERB.

Ce pain paraît bon. Il me traite bien, benè me habet. Je viens d'arriver, modo jam veni. Il pensa être tué. Vous avez pensé tomber, tantum non cecidisti.

PARTICLES.

Je ne l'aime pas, or point. Ne donné-je pas? N'ai-je pas blâmé? Num expectas? Nonne animadvertis? Laissez-le aller, sine ut eat. O! si je pouvais le voir. Ejus memini, je me souviens de cela. Id quaerite cherchez le. Mihi auscultate, écoutez moi. Je ne l'ai pas vu depuis un mois. Ils se battirent pendant deux jours. Ils ont des provisions pour un an. Sub terra habitat. Sub muros missus est. C'est son fils. C'est moi. Je le suis. Cecidit, cecidit Babylon, urbs magna; elle est tombée, tombée, Babylone, cette grande ville.

II. COMPOUND SENTENCE.

A Compound Sentence has a sentence as subject of the principal assertion, and, at least, one dependent sentence as modification.

I know that you believe. I know, the principal sentence; you believe, the dependent or subordinate one; that, a conjunction, and a determinative adjective, connects the sentences, and performs before the dependent proposition, the functions it performs before a noun; as, Give me that book.

(See Latin and French, p. 51.)

Sentence modifications may be formed as verbal, into three classes :-Substantive, Adjective, and Adverbial.

1.-SUBSTANTIVE MODIFICATIONS.

These modifications are similar to the verbal of simple sentences :

Apposition. The promise, that he would be heir was made. To live with friends is agreeable.

Subject.
Object.
Purpose..

I see that he is coming.

I have come to sacrifice.

The sentence, that he would be heir, describes the subject of the leading proposition. What promise was made?

It is agreeable that one should live with friends. It, or that, serves as a substitute-subject to the principal sentence.

I see that he is coming. What do I see? him coming, the object.

I have come to sacrifice, in order to sacrifice. What have I come to do?

ANALYSIS.

It is said that the town has been taken. The town has been taken, the subject; said, the predicate; is, the copula; it, that, represent the subject.

Analyze-He eats to live. I see him playing. I am sorry that I have done it. Make thy face to shine. He went to see you. I saw them walking. It is not fit that he live. Is it proper to say to a king that he is wicked? He will not give it me. I will hinder him from playing. I doubt not that he will come. fear that I may not find you such as I could wish. They fear that they may fall into the quicksands.

I

In English, the clause succeeding the verb to fear expresses the issue disliked; but in Greek, Latin, French, and Italian, the issue desired.

(See Latin and French, p.

It is a tidings to wash the eyes of kings. The senate have concluded

To give this day a crown to mighty Cæsar.

I fear our purpose is discovered. Rushing out of doors to be resolved,

If Brutus so unkindly knocked or no.
That you do love me I am nothing jealous.
We are blest that Rome is rid of him.

2.-ADJECTIVE MODIFICATIONS.

There are two classes of Adjective sentencesExplicative and Determinative.

EXPLICATIVE.-Man, who is born of woman, is full of trouble. It is of the species, that full of trouble is predicated. Who are full of trouble ? All men.

DETERMINATIVE.-The man that endureth temptation is blessed. Who is blessed? not all men, but the man, (men who,) modified by the descriptive sentence, that endureth temptation.

He sends, who warn of meditated guile. Why is one sent? In order to warn. The relative clause is not attributive, it introduces the aim of the principal clause.

Relative pronouns perform the functions of nouns and conjunctions, representing nouns in the dependent sentence, and indicating their connexion with the word modified in the principal sentence.

I who advise you, the subject; am, the copula; a friend, the predicate. When the relative clause is attributive, it is in the subject of the sentence.

I am a friend who advises you, in advising you; I, the subject; am, the copula; a friend in advising you, the predicate. I am such a friend as advises you.

When the relative clause expresses purpose, or cause, it is in the predicate.

I do not know what, that which, you say; that the object of know, and which of say.

Whose, the genitive whoes; which, hwile; whosoever, any one without exception.

Are the following sentences Explicative or Determinative? Is the dependent Attributive, or does it express the aim, purpose, or cause of the principal ?

The dolphin, which is viviparous, gambols. Happy is the man who finds wisdom. He who is honest is esteemed. That of which I speak is certain. He whose happiness depends on others, cannot be happy. I know whom you love. I know what has happened. I repeat what I have heard. The age in which we live. The study to which he applies himself is useful. You have seen the ships. Whoever has done that, shall repent of it. Whatever happens, let me know. He stops every one he meets. It has rained all night, which prevented our going out this morning. His is the reward, who saves the prince. I know whom you mean. Mindful of thy tears, I am anxious to see thee. I am seeking for a clerk who writes well. I, who speak to thee, am he. Man is not whom to warn. Him, I accuse, the city gates by this has entered. Go then, who tell of worse than Egypt's woes.

D

When is the relative pronoun attributive to the antecedent? When does it introduce the reason, or purpose, of the leading proposition ?

They seek a guide who may lead, will lead, to lead them.

Why is there an affinity between contingency and futurity?

3.-ADVERBIAL SENTENCES

may be divided like Adverbs, into three classes, some modifying Adjectives, some Verbs, others Adverbs.

Equal degree.
Greater.
Less.

Equally varying.
Effect.

You are as rich as he.

You are more generous than I.
I am less than the least.

The more I love, the less I am loved.
I am not so foolish as to believe you.

You are rich, the principal proposition; he is rich, the dependent; the former as, in the degree, modifying the adjective rich; the latter as, in which, a conjunctive adverb, connecting the dependent sentence with the principal, and performing its usual function. You are rich in the degree, in which he is.

The more I love, the less I am loved. I am less loved, in the degree in which I love more. The former the is a determinative adjective, the latter a conjunctive adverb.

I am not so foolish as to believe you. My folly is not so great as to make me believe you.

He is so kind that all love him. He is so kind as to be loved by all.

Analyze-He is richer than he was. You have as much money as they. The more one has, the more one wishes to have. He is older than I. He speaks otherwise than he acts. The longer the day is, the shorter is the night. He is better informed than you. I shall be whiter than the snow.

DEPENDENT SENTENCES, MODIFYING VERBS.

The dependent indicates Manner, Place, Time.

MANNER.

Comparison. As the stars, so shall thy seed be.

Similarity.
Effect.

I have done to them as they did to me.
He shouted so as to be heard.