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verty. Where are the hundred thousand heroes, my companions in arms, whom I " left covered with glory? What is become of "them? Alas! they are no more." Arms however stood on his part, for his military success soon changed the face of affairs. General Moreau was intrusted with the command of the army of the Rhine, and Buonaparte himself undertook the arduous task of leading an. army across the Alps into Italy. To effect this the greatest exertions were necessary, the cannon were dismounted, and placed on sledges formed for the purpose, which were drawn by five or six hundred men. One half of each regiment was employed in drawing cannon, while the other half bore the necessary baggage In this manner,

belonging to their corps. having accomplished the passage of the Alps on the 31st of May, 1800, he entered Milan. He obtained several advantages over the Austrians, and took possession of Pavia and Placentia, and on the 16th of June completely defeated their army in the decisive battle of Marengo. So that it is computed that the Austrians lost, during the few days that this campaign had lasted, above 60,000 men. This victory put the fate of Italy in the hands of Buonaparte. The next morning after the battle

an armistice was agreed to on both sides, and immediately after Buonaparte returned to Paris.

The operations of Moreau in Germany were equally successful; having crossed the Rhine he gained various advantages over the Austrians; and agreeably to the general plan of the campaign that had been concerted between him and Buonaparte, so occupied the attention of General Kray, that he prevented his sending any reinforcements into Italy; but when the armistice concluded in that country between Buonaparte and General Melas, left him more at liberty to act independently, and to advance and push his successes, he speedily reduced the Austrian army in Germany to the necessity of following the example of their army in Italy, and of soliciting an armistice; which was granted on the 15th July; and on the 28th of that month preliminaries of peace were signed at Paris by the ministers of both powers. These however the Emperor of Germany refused to ratify, and hostilities again commenced, which led to the decisive battle of Hohenlinden, fought on the 3d December. This was a battle "that seemed worthy to decide the "fate of an empire." The French took 80 pieces of cannon and 10,000 men, and the greatest part of the baggage of the Austrian

army. They still continued to advance towards the Austrian capital, were again twice victorious, and now approached within fifty miles of Vienna: that city was struck with terror; and the Emperor was constrained, by a succession of heavy losses, to declare " his readiness to detach himself from his "alliance with Great Britain, and to conclude

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a separate peace." An armistice was accordingly agreed upon on the 25th December, 1800, which terminated in the treaty of Luneville, signed on the 9th of February, 1801. Thus arms stood on his part; for "the (mili

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tary) successes of Buonaparte enabled him "to impose on Austria such terms of peace "as were calculated to consolidate the power "and authority of the victor, and to render "resistance to any of his future projects of "aggrandizement hopeless."

Ver. 31. "And they shall pollute the sanc"tuary of strength, and shall take away the

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daily sacrifice, and they shall place the abo"mination that maketh desolate." In order that we may ascertain the meaning of the terms here used, viz., the taking away the daily sacrifices, and placing the abomination that maketh desolate, we will refer to the eleventh verse of the last chapter of Daniel, where they again and we shall there find, that a certain

occur;

period of 1290 prophetic days, or natural years, is to be dated from the time when the daily sacrifice is taken away: and again, by a reference to the seventh verse of the same chapter, it appears that this period of 1290 years is a prolongation of that remarkable period of 1260 years, so repeatedly mentioned both by Daniel and Saint John, as that during which the Papacy should flourish. The abomination of desolation mentioned in the verse before us must necessarily therefore be the Papacy.

The Sanctuary of Strength is the Temple at Jerusalem, which would formerly have been considered to have been polluted by the introduction of the worship of idols, in the place of the morning and evening sacrifice of the Since Lamb, appointed by the Jewish law. the Jewish service has been abrogated, our Saviour has declared, that those who worship God must worship him in spirit and in truth. The polluting of the Sanctuary of Strength, the placing the abomination that maketh desolate, and the taking away the daily sacrifice, therefore, in these latter days, means the introduction of a false religion, and the causing acceptable and spiritual worship to cease; which was done in the Christian Church, when the mummeries, the idolatry, and the abominations of the Papacy, were introduced.

This being the meaning of the terms, the passage must refer to the re-establishment of the Papacy by Buonaparte, which took place at this time. The influence of the Pope had been entirely abolished in France at the period of the Revolution; and he was afterwards driven out of his dominions, and died in exile. In the year 1800, however, a new Pope was elected at Venice, under the auspices of the Emperor of Germany; and in the month of July following, the Austrians being in possession of Italy, delivered up the greater part of the Ecclesiastical States to his Holiness Pius VII., who accordingly took possession of the See of Rome, and began to exercise the functions of sovereignty.

"Immediately after the treaty of Luneville "had been disclosed, the French

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government, in their accustomed

Feb. 24, 1801.

manner, began to prepare the people for the "change that was intended to be effected, by publishing in a newspaper, that the Pope "would be recognized as Bishop of Rome, and "centre of the Catholic religion, with a mode

rate revenue, and that France would allow "his authority, and defray the charges of public worship, on condition that he should "sanction the sale of ecclesiastical property, "the marriage of priests, and the law respect