CHEMICAL NEWS, Chemical Notices from Foreign Sources. 23 CHEMICAL NOTICES FROM FOREIGN | matters analogous to malachite green. The results of SOURCES. NoTs. All degrees of temperature are Centigrade unless otherwise expressed. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences. Vol. cxlix., No. 19, November 8, 1909. Phosphorescence and Oxidation of Arsenic.-L. Bloch. The phosphorescence of arsenic which occurs at about 200° is accompanied by the formation of arsenious anhydride. No ozone is produced as in the case of phos phorus and sulphur, and no ionisation occurs. It is thus a new example of combustion with luminescence, but without any conductivity of the medium. Some arsenic anhydride is always formed. Metallic Iridodisulphates.-Marcel Delépine.-Two series of metallic iridodisulphates exist, the green and the red-brown salts. The former appear to be derived from a ·(H2O)OH· dibasic acid of formula Ir-SO4 analysis agree with the formulæ C23H27ON3, C23H26ON3X, C23H25ON3X2, of paraoxyorthoamino-malachite green. No. 20, November 15, 1909. Alkaline Acid Carbonates.-M. de Forcrand.-When dilute solutions of the carbonates of potassium, rubidium, and cæsium are left exposed to the air for some weeks they all absorb carbon dioxide, and the author has subjected this phenomenon to a thorough study, determining from time to time the index of the acidity, which finally closely approximates to unity. At the end of a month the values obtained are fixed and correspond to the following formula: 8K2CO3+2KHCO3, 3Rb2CO3+2RbHCO3, 4Cs2CO3 + 2CSHCO3, 2.5Cs2CO3 + 2CsHCO3. Starting with dilute solutions of the bicarbonate and heating on the water-bath with the addition of water from time to time, it is found that the potassium salt behaves differently from the other two. It loses carbon dioxide, but never gives the neutral carbonate, the product after a week's treatment being a liquid of index 106 (the same as before), and crystals which have the composition 5(K2CO3 + 1·5H2O) + 4KHCO3. The bicarbonates of rubidium and cæsium in the first few hours lose all the acid carbon dioxide, and then if the experiment is continued they begin to absorb carbon from the air, until finally the following crystals are obtained :-3(Rb2CO3 • 1·5H2O) + 2RbHCO3, 5(Cs2CO3 + 3*5H2O) + 2CsHCO3. The last carbonate may lose 7.5H2O, its formula then becoming 5(C$2CO3 + 2H2O) + 2CsHCO3. while the SO4H2, red-brown salts are derivatives of the tribasic acid, (OH2)The latter are obtained from the dioxide SO4 H3. former by the action of an excess of base, and the former from the latter by an excess of acid. This change of -(H2O)OH into (OH)2H is a genuine mineral tautomerism comparable with the transformations well known in organic chemistry. New Generai Methods of Synthesising Aromatic Aldehydes.-A. Guyot. The a- 8 diketonic esters, x-co-co-CO2R, can fix a molecule of a phenol, carbide, or tertiary aromatic amine to the "-ketonic carbon atom, giving as condensation products acidylphenylglycolic X-CO OH esters, Y-C6H4 These esters are decomCO2R* posed quantitatively by certain reagents giving the corresponding aldehydes. Thus excess of concentrated sulphuric acid below 100° induces the following reactions :X-CO OH Y-C6H4 •CO2R >c< +2H2 = Action of Heat and Light upon Silver Sulphite and its Double Alkaline Sulphites. H. Baubigny.-When silver sulphite is decomposed by the action of heat 89.84 per cent of the decomposed substance yields dithionate and 10 16 per cent sulphate. In a sealed tube the action of heat must not be continued too long, for then the dithionic acid is decomposed and the amount of sulphuric acid is increased. With the double sulphites 97.5 per cent yields dithionate. Light has the same effect as heat, but its action is less rapid. Mixed Stannic Halogen Compounds.-V. Auger.Any compound of formula SnBra14-a when fused behaves like a mixture. When the temperature is slightly lowered crystals are deposited, having a composition different from =X-CO2H+R.OH+Y-C6H4-CHOH-CO2H, that of the fused mass. Hence it must be concluded that Y–C6H4–CHOH–CO,H - Y–CH-CHO+H2O+CO >C Y-C6H4 *CO2R+2KOH = = X-CO2K+R.OH+ Y-C6H4-CHOH-CO2K, and may readiy be transformed into aldehyde by alkaline oxidation, Y-C6H4-CHOH-CO2H+0= CO2 + H2O+Y-C6H4-CHO, The mesoxalic esters, RCO2-CO-CO2R, give the same reactions. in a molecule in which tetravalent tin is combined with these two halogens the latter are perfectly mobile, at any rate in the fused product, and yield a series of crystalline products, the variable composition of which is a function of that of the fused liquid from which they have separated. Dehydration of Oxycyclohexyldimethylcarbinol.P. J. Tarbouriech.-Methyl magnesium iodide reacts with the methyl ether of hexahydrooxybenzoic acid, giving a CH3 bitertiary glycol of formula C6H10OH-COH< This CH3 product, which is a true pinacone, is dehydrated by acids, giving two compounds, the first a ketone, C,H160, formed by the elimination of one molecule of water, and the second a hydrocarbon, C9H14, formed by the subtraction of a second molecule of water. MISCELLANEOUS. Liquid Mixtures for Maximum and Minimum Thermometers.-Robert E. Bradley.-A homogeneous liquid mixture may, by a change of temperature or by certain additions, become separated into two layers. For example, a mixture of 15 cc. amyl alcohol, 20 cc. ethyl alcohol, and 32'9 cc. water is homogeneous above 20° C.; but the least lowering of temperature below this, even by one-tenth of one degree, causes the division of the liquid into two nearly equal layers. This phenomenon can be made use of in the construction of an exceedingly delicate minimum thermometer. Convenient volumes of amyl and ethyl alcohols are mixed together, brought to the required temperature, and water gradually added, drop by drop, until a slight turbidity results. The liquid is then sealed in a tube, being first coloured with carmine; whenever the temperature falls below that at which it was prepared, the WEDNESDAY, two layers separate, and are of different shades. If methyl and ethyl alcohols be used in the same way a maximum thermometer can be prepared.-Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, December, 1909. Electro-deposition of Metals," by F. M. Perkin and Exhibition, 1910," by Count Hirokichi Mutsu. Microscopical, 8. Annual Address by the President, Sir E. Ray Lankester, K.C.B., F.R.S. THURSDAY, 20th.-Royal Institution, 3. "Assyriology," by the Rev. C. H. W. Johns, M.A. International Congress of Mining, Metallurgy, Applied Mechanics, and Practical Geology, Düsseldorf, 1910. In accordance with the resolutions of the last International Congress of Mining, &c., held at Liege in 1905, the next Congress is convened by the RhenishWestphalian Mining Industry at Düsseldorf, the last week of June, 1910, having been fixed as the date. The exact date will be definitely fixed before March, 1910. Participants in the Congress may be :-(a) Honorary Members. (b) Patrons of the Congress; that is, contributors of not less than 100 marks (5) to the funds. (c) Ordinary members, who pay a subscription of 20 marks (1) for membership of any one of the four Sections. These may participate in the proceedings of any other Sections by making a further payment of 5 marks (5s.) for each section. The condition of membership named under (c) is the scientific or practical occupation in one of the four working branches. The organisation Committee is charged with the work of arranging for visits and social entertainments. This Committee will be responsible for the conduct of the business of the Congress, and for the printing of the reports, and it will continue in office until the winding-up of all matters connected with the Congress. The Committee of Organisation will select the subjects to be presented for discussion. Those members who desire to offer papers or communications to the Congress must submit these, at least three months before the opening date, to the Committee of Organisation. The Committee of Organisation reserves to itself the right to limit the time taken in reading papers and communications. All papers must, as far as possible, be available beforehand for those who desire to receive a copy. No paper may be read at the SATURDAY, Meetings the contents and conclusions of which have not been submitted to the Committee of Organisation at least a month before the opening of the Congress, and by them placed upon the Agenda. To facilitate the careful compilation of the reports, every speaker is requested to hand in to the Secretary of the Section, within two hours of the close of the Meeting, a short draft of his remarks. The papers, notes, and reports will be published by the Committee of Organisation as far as the funds of the Congress suffice. The Committee also has power to sanction the publication of the papers in the technical press. Every author will receive 50 complimentary copies of his paper, and can order further copies if he pleases, at his own expense, provided he gives timely notice to the Committee before the advance copies are printed off. All inquiries and communications relating to the Congress should be addressed to the "Arbeitsausschuss des Internationalen Kongresses, Düsseldorf 1910 (Committee of Organisation of the International Congress), Jacobistrasse 3/5, Düsseldorf, Germany." MEETINGS FOR THE WEEK. MONDAY, 17th.-Royal Society of Arts, 8. (Cantor Lectures). "Textile Ornamentation," by Alan S. Cole, C.B. Society of Chemical Industry, 8. "Direct Separation of Emulsions by Filtration and Ultrafiltration," by E. Hatschek. "Significance of the Abel Heat Test of Guncotton and Nitroglycerin," by R. Robertson and B. J. Smart. "Estimation of Iron in Ferric Solution," by A. F. Joseph. TUESDAY, 18th.-Royal Institution, 3. "The Cultivation of the Sea," by Prof. W. A. Herdman, F.R.S., &c. Faraday Society, 8. "Conditions which Determine the Composition of Electro-deposited Alloys - Part II., Silver-copper," by S. Field. "Studies in the Chemical, 8.30. "Alkaloids of Ergot," by G. Barger and A. J. Ewins. "Constituents of Colocynth," by F. B. Power and C. W. Moore. "The Triazo Group-Part XI., Substituted Triazomalonic and Phenyltriazoacetic Acids," by M. O. Forster and R. Müller. "Iodobenzenemonosulphonic AcidsPart II., Esters and Salts of Di- and Tri-iodobenzenesulphonic Acids," by Miss M. Boyle. "Organic Derivatives of Silicon-Part XII., Dibenzylethylpropylsilicane and Sulphonic Acids derived from it," by F. Challenger and F. S. Kipping. "Absorption Spectra of Naphthalene and of Tetramethylnaphthalene," by Miss A. Homer and J. E. Purvis. "Influence of various Substituents on the Optical Activity of Tartramide Part III., Halogen-substituted Anilides," by P. F. Frankland and D. F. Twiss. "Formation of Heterocyclic Compounds Part II., Action of Bases on the aa'-Dibromo-derivatives of certain Dicarboxylic Acids," by H. R. Le Sueur and P. Haas. "Action of Water of Crystallisation on Calcium Carbide," by 1. Masson. "Decomposition of Dimercurammonium Nitrite under Heat," by P. C. Ray and A. C. Ghosh. "Adsorption of Uranium X by Barium Sulphate," by A. J. Berry. "Experiments on the Walden Inversion-Part III., Optically Active B-Hydroxy-6-phenylpropionic Acids and the corresponding 8-Bromo-B-phenylpropionic Acids," by A. McKenzie and H. B. P. Humphries. "The Double Nitrites of Mercury and the Metals of the Alkaline Earths," by P. C. Ray. "Resin Acids of the Coniferæ - Part II., Matai Resinol," by T. H. Easterfield and J. Bee. FRIDAY, 21st.-Royal Institution, 9. "Light Reactions at Low Temperatures," by Prof. Sir James Dewar, F.R.S. Physical, 5. "Saturation Specific Heats, &c., with Van der Waals' and Clausius' Characteristics," by R. E. Baynes. "Polarisation of Dielectrics in a Steady Field of Force," by W. M. Thornton. of Mutual Inductometers," by A. Campbell. 22nd.-Royal Institution, 3. "Music in Relation to other Arts" (with Musical Illustrations), by H. Walford Davies, Mus. Doc., &c. NOTICES. "Use All Literary communications, and Books, Chemical Apparatus, &c., for review or notice to be addressed to the EDITOR. SUBSCRIPTIONS, £1 per annum, payable in advance, should be addressed to the PUBLISHER. ADVERTISEMENTS-SCALE OF CHARGES. 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