Paths of Innovation: Technological Change in 20th-Century AmericaCambridge University Press, 28 paź 1999 - 214 In 1903 the Wright brothers' airplane travelled a couple of hundred yards. Today fleets of streamlined jets transport millions of people each day to cities worldwide. Between discovery and application, between invention and widespread use, there is a world of innovation, of tinkering, improvement and adaptation. This is the world David Mowery and Nathan Rosenberg map out in Paths of Innovation, a tour of the intersecting routes of technological change. Throughout their book, Mowery and Rosenberg demonstrate that the simultaneous emergence of new engineering and applied science disciplines in the universities, in tandem with growth in the Research and Development industry and scientific research, has been a primary factor in the rapid rate of technological change. Innovation and incentives to develop new, viable processes have led to the creation of new economic resources - which will determine the future of technological innovation and economic growth. |
Spis treści
Introduction | 1 |
The Institutionalization of Innovation 190090 | 11 |
The Internal Combustion Engine | 47 |
Chemicals | 71 |
Electric Power | 103 |
The Electronics Revolution 194790 | 123 |
Concluding Observations | 167 |
| 181 | |
| 201 | |
Inne wydania - Wyświetl wszystko
Paths of Innovation: Technological Change in 20th-Century America David C. Mowery,Nathan Rosenberg Podgląd niedostępny - 1998 |
Kluczowe wyrazy i wyrażenia
20th century American antitrust antitrust policy applications AT&T automobile industry basic research biotechnology chemical engineering chemistry commercial aircraft complex components contributed costs declined Defense demand desktop computer domestic dominant Du Pont dustries early economic growth electric furnace electric power electronics ENIAC exploitation federal R&D funding Haber-Bosch process hardware Hounshell and Smith important improvements increased industrial research innovation inputs Institute integrated circuit internal combustion engine investments jet engine laboratories machines mainframe mainframe computers ment military million minicomputer Mowery National nology operating organization output packaged software patent petroleum pharmaceutical polymer Pont postwar period R&D spending rapid resource role Rosenberg scientific sector semiconductor significant software industry sources spillovers structure synthetic fibers tech technological change tion transistor U.S. automobile U.S. computer U.S. Department U.S. economy U.S. firms U.S. industry U.S. manufacturing U.S. R&D system U.S. universities United university research wartime World World War II