Mrs. Markham, whose maiden name was Mary E. Gall, also born in Kansas, was a college classmate of her husband, and they were married in 1909. Mr. Markham's preference is for educational work, and the European Turkey Mission has already assigned him for the present at least to the Collegiate and Theological Institute at Samokov, which institution is greatly needing such re-enforcement.

Mr. Fowle comes of missionary stock, his parents being Rev. and Mrs. James L. Fowle, of Cesarea, and his grandparents Dr. and Mrs. W. A. Farnsworth,

for fifty years missionaries in Turkey. Mr. Fowle was born at Talas. On coming to this country his preparatory studies were pursued at Lawrenceville, N. J., and at the Newton High School. He was graduated from Williams Col

lege in 1908, and

MR. FOWLE

spent a year in Turkey visiting his native place and making observations in various parts of the empire. On returning to the United States he studied for a year and a half in Union Theological Seminary, and now goes back enthusiastically to take up the work to which his parents and grandparents have given their lives, though in the Central and not the Western Turkey Mission. Prior to going to Aintab, to which station he has been assigned, he will spend some weeks in the office of the Mission Treasurer at Constantinople, that he may become familiar with the work of that department, so closely related to the business administration of the four Turkey missions of the Board.

THE bronze tablet that was erected in the chapel of the Bangor Seminary last June to commemorate Cyrus Hamlin the one hundredth anniverMedallion sary of the birth of Cyrus Hamlin has set in it a medallion portrait. of Dr. Hamlin of unusual excellence both as a likeness and as a work of art. For the accommodation of those who wish copies of this medallion the makers of the tablet have promised to supply them at $10 each, if ten or more are taken. Those desiring to subscribe may send their names to Prof. A. D. F. Hamlin, of Columbia University, or to Prof. W. J. Moulton, of Bangor Seminary.

INTERING Spain from the north

E

at Irun, the border station, we pass from one train to another. The width of the railroad track also changes here, many Spaniards believing that this difference of gauge is a protection against an invading army. A short ride from Irun brings us to our first mission station, San Sebastian, and we take our way through the busy streets of the beautiful city to the rented house, occupied by our native pastor and his wife and which is also the center of the mission work. As we approach the house, we are glad to see over the door a large sign, which reads, in Spanish, "Evangelical School and Chapel." Until a few months ago, not the slightest indication of its use was allowed to be exhibited on the exterior of any Protestant church or allied building in Spain! Now we are working openly; all the world may know what we are doing; and this by authorization of the central government.

We found the station pastor and his wife jubilant and eager to tell us of the success of their daughter, educated in our Woman's Board school, now at Barcelona. This daughter had just taken a rigid examination in English for a lucrative and important government position, in competition with several men. The fact that a woman had shared in this examination created a sensation in San Sebastian, and much was said about it in the newspapers. Although several educated men were her competitors, she won over all the others and secured the desired position; whereupon the sensation was all the greater.

Arriving at night, we found the evening school in session. Several men, obliged to work during the day, were taking this opportunity to acquire an elementary education. The first floor of the house was divided into three small rooms, two of which were supplied with rude desks; one of these

rooms was used for the girls' school, another for the boys', and the third for a chapel. Although San Sebastian is one of the smaller mission stations, about sixty-five were in attendance at the Sunday morning service, many of the day school children being among the number. These children, even the youngest, listened attentively to the sermon and joined enthusiastically in the singing.

The Basque Provinces are of peculiar interest, and the railway journey from San Sebastian to Bilbao is delightful. The people here are strong, well-built, and more independent than in other parts of Spain, the land being divided into small holdings. The train made its way through the mountains, inland from the coast, by climbing up one mountain stream, crossing over to the next, and following that down to the coast again. The Gothic churches, built 500 and 600 years ago, were especially interesting.

Bilbao, the capital of the province of Vizcaya, has nearly 100,000 inhabitants, and is said to be the third richest city in Europe in proportion to its size. The river Nervion, which divides the

city, is navigable at high tide. It is the rich iron mines on its left bank and the steel manufactories surrounding the city that make Bilbao so prosperous. On one of the most populous streets, not far from the center of the town, is located the American Board property, consisting of a good six-story stone and brick building. The first floor is occupied by the school, which numbers about 120, and by the chapel; the second floor provides the pastor's residence; the upper floors are rented for apartments. Our work here is growing and bright with promise.

The native pastor, recently deceased, who for thirty years cared for this station, bore a striking resemblance to Mr. Dwight L. Moody. The current pictures of him might be taken for pictures of Mr. Moody; moreover, he is said to have had many of Mr. Moody's characteristics. He was considered the most eloquent preacher in Northern Spain, and was often sought by the authorities of the city and even by Roman Catholics to grace the platform of great public meetings. His son now acts as pastor and superintends this mission.

Seventy-four miles further on is Santander, capital of the province of the same name. The city is a little more than half the size of Bilbao, and is a flourishing seaport. Here we have a much larger undertaking than at either Bilbao or San Sebastian. The missionary building is upon a cross street, not so public as at Bilbao, yet in the midst of a dense population. It is five stories high; as the street slopes, the chapel is partly below the street level, but large and comfortable. The entrance is tiled and attractive, as is also the entrance to the house one door above. The entire floor above the chapel and half of the second floor are taken by the school, the preacher's family occupying the other half of the second floor. The school numbers nearly 250.

We should naturally look for larger things at Santander than at the other stations, for here Mr. and Mrs. Gulick began their work in Spain many years ago. The congregations on Sunday, both here and at Bilbao, are much larger than at San Sebastian, although it is true of all our stations in Spain that the emigration to the West Indies, Mexico, and the Argentine Republic is so large that about once in three years a new constituency is developed. These

emigrants, however, are establishing many strong Christian churches in the lands to which they go.

In the work of teaching, the pastors' wives are rendering most noble and efficient service. There is little persecution. Occasionally it manifests itself by the throwing of stones against the door; sometimes women come to the head of the street to watch the children leaving school and to follow them home, with the result that their parents, if employed by others, lose their positions; or if they are tenants, the landlords refuse to let them live any longer in their houses.

An impressive feature of the Protestant work in Madrid is that the Sunday services are held in what was once the headquarters of the Inquisition. Father Tornos is the pastor and preacher. He was formerly a Roman Catholic priest, and at one time was the most noted preacher and lecturer of that church in Spain. He decided to lecture upon Protestantism, and gave himself for two years to the study of the subject, with the result that he became a Protestant. Although now seventy-eight years of age, he seems to have lost none of his vigor as a preacher. It was pleasant to see among the young men