Grammar and Meaning: A Semantic Approach to English GrammarGrammar and Meaning is an introduction to the study of grammar of contemporary English. It provides an impressive survey of all the main areas of English grammar, from words through to sentences and texts. It introduces and explains the linguistic terms needed to talk about the ways in which language works, from simple terms like adjective to more complex terms like non-finite clause. To meet the needs of both students and scholars, Howard Jackson has produced an innovative approach to the study of English grammar. Instead of concentrating on the formal and theoretical discussion of grammar, as many introductions do, this original analysis examines the 'meanings' we want to express when we use language. Beginning with the question, "What do we talk about?", it goes on to investigate how these meanings are structured in the grammar of English. These notions are closer to our ordinary understanding of what language is doing, and therefore the forms and structures of grammar are more easily grasped. The book is extensively illustrated with examples from real English. With analytical exercises in each chapter and a comprehensive glossary of terms, the book will prove and invaluable aid to students of English language, linguistics and English as a Foreign Language, whilst also being accessible to anyone who studies English grammar as part of their course. |
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Strona 49
We noted that the example at [ 1 ] has two types of circumstance expressed : place ( on the bus ) and time ( last night ) . ... respectively , and they are the two most commonly occurring circumstances in propositions .
We noted that the example at [ 1 ] has two types of circumstance expressed : place ( on the bus ) and time ( last night ) . ... respectively , and they are the two most commonly occurring circumstances in propositions .
Strona 139
They are , respectively , a TEMPORAL circumstance , a MANNER circumstance , and a MEANS circumstance . These elements are clearly not obligatory , since they do not occur in the other examples ; nor could we say that they have been ...
They are , respectively , a TEMPORAL circumstance , a MANNER circumstance , and a MEANS circumstance . These elements are clearly not obligatory , since they do not occur in the other examples ; nor could we say that they have been ...
Strona 280
Condition Conjunct conjunction conjunction conjunction conjunctive adverb Contingency declarative definite 4 Degree a type of Contingency circumstance 3 , 8 a type of Adverbial 6 a class of words used for joining syntactic elements 9 ...
Condition Conjunct conjunction conjunction conjunction conjunctive adverb Contingency declarative definite 4 Degree a type of Contingency circumstance 3 , 8 a type of Adverbial 6 a class of words used for joining syntactic elements 9 ...
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action activity addition adjective Adjunct adverbs AFFECTED AGENTIVE associated ATTRIBUTE auxiliary beginning bring called Chapter circumstance combination communication Complement condition conjoiner conjunction Consider contains context CONTINGENCY definite determinatives direct discussed elements English event example Exercise expressed final function further future give given going grammatical identified illustrated implies included indefinite indicates infinitive clause introduced involving kind language LOCATIVE look marked means meeting modal modifiers noted noun Object occur paragraph participant particular past perfective person phrase plural pond position possessive possible Predicator present progressive pronoun proposition quantifier question reason RECIPIENT reference relating relative clause represent respect result role semantic role sentence simple singular situation type slot sometimes specified stance structure Subject subordinator talk TEMPORAL tense that-clause thing tion typically unit University usually verb viewed writing written