30.-KING CHARLES I, MARTYR.' *30. 1661.-SOLEMN FAST. 'This, says Mr. Evelyn, in his Memoirs,' (vol. i, p. 330) was the first solemn fast and day of humiliation to deplore ye sinns which so long had provoked God against this afflicted church and people, ordered by Parliament to be annually celebrated to expiate the guilt of y' execrable murder of the late King. "This day (O the stupendious and inscrutable judgments of God!) were the carcasses of those arch rebells Cromwell, Bradshaw the Judge who condemned his Majestie, and Ireton, sonn-in-law to ye Usurper, dragg'd out of their superb tombs in Westminster among the Kings, to Tyburne, and hanged on the gallows there from 9 in ye morning till 6 at night, and then buried under that fatal and ignominious monument in a deepe pitt; thousands of people who had seene them in all their pride being spectators, Looke back at Nov. 22, 1658, [Oliver's funeral,] and be astonished! and feare God and honor ye King; but meddle not with them who are given to change!' *JAN. 1815.-GOTTFRIED MIND DIED. This artist resided at Berne in Switzerland, and was so notorious for his extraordinary delineations of Bears and Cats, that he obtained the name of the Cat's Raphael. Mind, it is said, was worthy of this epithet, not only on account of the correctness of his drawings of those animals, but more especially for the life and spirit which he transfused into them in his pictures. His affection for the feline race 'For an account of the character and manners of King Charles, we refer to T. T. for 1815, p. 16, and our last vol. p. 12-13; some particulars of his trial will be found in T. T. for 1815, p. 18, and in the subsequent volume, p. 6. See also T. T. for 1814, p. 8, for a description of the finding of the king's body in St. George's Chapel, Windsor. might be termed fraternal. When he was at work, a favourite cat generally sat by his side; and he was often seen employed at his table with an old cat on his lap, and two or three kittens on both shoulders, or even in the hollow formed at the back of his neck by the inclination of his head. Thus encumbered, he would sit for hours together at his work, and abstain from every motion that could in the least incommode his beloved favourites. In winter evenings, Mind used to amuse himself with carving bears, cats, and other animals in miniature, out of chesnut-wood, with such accuracy and skill that they had a rapid sale, and were bought up by many people as ornaments for their chimney pieces. It is to be regretted that insects attacked the wood, and soon destroyed these pretty little figures. No Mind passed many of his happiest hours at the Bears' Den, in Berne, where, from remote antiquity, two live bears have been continually kept. sooner did Friedli (for by that name he was known at Berne) make his appearance, than the bears hastened to him with a friendly kind of growl, and were invariably rewarded with a piece of bread, or an apple, from the pocket of their benefactor and friend. Lugete, O feles, ursique lugete, Mortuus est vobis amicus. Mourn, all ye Cats! Ye Bears, in sorrow bend, Astronomical Occurrences In JANUARY 1820. Obliquity of the Ecliptic. HAVING, in the preceding volumes of Time's Telescope, explained the nature and variation of this obliquity, we must refer the youthful reader to C these for information on the subject, and, in this place, merely state the magnitude of the ecliptic angle at various epochs during the present year; which are contained in the following The equation of the equinoctial points at the same epochs of the present year are also as follow; viz. The Sun enters Aquarius at 28 m. after 1 in the morning of the 21st of this month. The following table will also shew the time of his rising and setting at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, on certain days during the same period; and the times for any intermediate days may be readily found by simple proportion, in the manner already explained. TABLE Of the Sun's Rising and Setting for every fifth Day. January 1, Sun rises 5 m. after 8. Sets 55 m. after 3 8 7 7 7 7 Equation of Time. As the time, as shown by a good sun-dial, is sometimes before, and at others after, that shown by a well regulated clock or time-piece, which goes at a uniform rate, when only one of these times is known, it requires a slight reduction to find the other; and the following table shows what is to be added to solar time, or that shown by the dial, to obtain mean time, as it ought to be indicated by the clock at the same moment, for certain days, during the present month: the corresponding correction for any other day must be found by proportion, as in the above instance for the Sun's rising and setting. 1st, to the time by the dial add 3 33 Saturday · Moon's Passage over the Meridian. The centre of the Moon will pass the meridian of the Royal Observatory at the following times during this month, and which will therefore be convenient opportunities for observing her in that situation, if the weather prove favourable. Her passage during the other parts of the month are not well adapted for observation, on account of the light with which they are accompanied. TABLE Of the Moon's Passage over the Meridian. January 7th, at 50 m. past 4 in the morning. 8th, 56 Our astronomical readers will recollect, that, in the volume of Time's Telescope for last year, we gave a simple rule for finding the phase of this beautiful and interesting planet at any given period, as well as illustrated the problem relative to its greatest brilliancy. We must therefore refer to that volume for these subjects, and particularly as affording good exercises for our youthful students in the simpler species of astronomical calculations; but we shall insert the result for each month, in its proper place. January. 1st Enlightened part Dark part - 11.5806 0.4194 Eclipses of Jupiter's Satellites. The following are the only two of the eclipses of Jupiter's first and second satellites that will be visible at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, this month, viz. Emersions. 1st Satellite, 7th day, at 12 m. after 5 afternoon. 53 4 Form of Saturn's Ring. For the variations which this ring experiences, the causes from which they arise, and the method of |