ABERCROMBY, Sir R., 57, 129 Absentee taxes, in Ireland, 23-30; in Australasia, 116
Absenteeism, in Ireland, 12, 51; in Prince Edward Island, 75-6; in Upper Canada, 80; in Lower Canada, 85; in Australia, 116
Acadia. See Maritime Provinces Act of Union, 1800, 60-4, 232-3 Administrators, in South Africa, 197 Agricultural Co-operation. See Irish Agricultural Organization Society, also 168, 177
Agricultural Grant, Ireland, 267 Agricultural Rates Act, 1896, 267 Agricultural Statistics, Ireland, 156, 306-8
Amendment of Constitution, Ireland, 225-7, 338; Colonies, 225-6, 338 American Colonies, colonization of, 8-9; land tenure in (see Land Tenure); mercantile system, 17-18, 30; govern- ment of, 22-3, 33; Revolution in, 30-5, 72, 74. See also United States Anglo-Normans, in Ireland, 6-7 Annuities, tenant's. See Land Purchase Armagh, Peep o' Day Boys in, 55 Army Act, 1881, 220 (footnote) Army and Navy, 218-9, 329 Arnold, Benedict, 40
Ashbourne Act, 1885, 309. See also Land Acts
Australian Colonies Act, 1850, 107, 225 Australian Colonies Customs Duties Act, 1873, 220, footnote Australian Colonies, history of. See Chapter VI., and under names of the various States; federation of, as Commonwealth of Australia. 119, 196, 198; finance in, 227-8, 245-6, 288, 295-8. See also Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act, 1900, Constitutions, Federal Systems, Cus- toms and Excise, Subsidies
Baldwin, Robert, in Upper Canada, 82, 103
Balfour, Arthur, 138, 152, 172, 212 Balfour, Gerald, 152, 158, 338
Baltimore, Lord, 21
Barbour, Sir David, on Anglo-Irish
Barry, Sir Redmond, 114 Belfast, 45, 146, 162, 170, 175 Belgium, cost of Government in, 253 Berkeley, G. F. H., 178
Bidwell, B., in Upper Canada, 82 Birrell, Augustine, his Land Act of 1909. See Land Acts, Land Tenure, Land Purchase
Bloemfontein, Convention of, 123 Boer War of 1880-1881, 125; of 1899- 1902, 128-9, 133, 216
Bonus to landlords, 310-12, 317. See also Land Purchase Boomplatz, battle of, 1848, 123 Botha, General, 143 Brand, President, 124 Bright, John, 69, 71, 213, 308
British Columbia, finances of, 246, 299; Upper Chamber in, 331
British North America Act, 1867, cita-
tions from, 219, 220 (footnote), 225, 299, 323, 325 (footnote), 327, 330 (footnote); 1891, 335. See also Canada
Buller, Charles, 87, 89, 94-5 Burgh, Hussey, 36
Burke, Edmund, 12, 27-9, 34, 59, 74, 77 Burke, Robert O'Hara, 114 Butt, Isaac, 71, 135, 171
Canada, Upper and Lower, history of (see Chapter V. and Introduction, viii, 340-1); relations of, with American Colonies, 72; with United States, 80, 87, 92, 101; Union of the two Provinces proposed, 76-8, carried out, 96-104, 106, 192, 194, 198, 200-1, 223, and Introduction, viii; comparison of history with that of Transvaal, 132-5; confederation of, as the Dominion of Canada, pro- posed, 82, 96, carried out (1867), 97, 193-6; finance in, 227-8, 298-9, 304. See also Constitutions, Federal Systems, Customs and Excise, Sub- sidies, Guaranteed Loans, British North America Acts, 1867, 1891 Carleton. Sir Guy, 73, 129 Carnarvon, Lord, 123-4
Carolina, plantation of, 9, 10, 23
Carson, Sir Edward, Introduction, x Casey, Judge, 115
Castlereagh, Lord, 62, 134, 135
Catholic Relief Act, 1778, 36; 1793, 52-3, 55
Chamberlain, Joseph, 1-4, 11, 103, 206, 257, 282
Channel Islands, finance, 288 Charlemont, Lord, 16, 46-7, 61 Charles II., King, 9
Chartist movement, S8
Chatham, Lord, 27, 29-31, 34, 74
Chief Secretary, 64, 160; compared with Canadian Governor, 102
Childers, Hugh, in Prince Edward Island, 76 (footnote); as Chairman of Royal Commission on finance, 239- 57
Church Funds, Irish, 271-2
Civil List, 328
Civil servants, Ireland, 336; Transvaal, 336
Clare, Earl of. See Fitzgibbon
Clergy Reserves, Upper Canada, 82; Lower Canada, 84-85 Cockburn, Sir John, 85
Coinage, colonial and Irish powers over, 219, 220 (footnote); Act of 1853, 220 (footnote)
Collins, Francis, in Upper Canada, 82 Colonial Attorneys Relief Act, 1857, 222 (footnote)
Colonial Courts of Admiralty Act, 1890, 220 (footnote), 336 (and footnote) Colonial Defence forces, 215-9 (and footnote)
Colonial Laws Validity Act, 222
Colonial Marriages Act, 1866, 222 (foot- note)
Colonial Naval Defence Act, 1865, 220 (footnote)
Colonial Prisoners' Removal Act, 1869, 222 (footnote)
Colonial Probates Act, 1892, 222 (foot- note)
Commercial Propositions of 1785, 43, 232 Commercial Restrictions, Ireland, 17-9, 30, 37, 236, 294; American Colonies, 17-8, 30; Canada, 78 Commonwealth of Australia Constitu-
tion Act, 1900, citations from, 219, 220 (footnote), 296, 324-5 (footnote), 338 (footnote), 332 Conferences, Imperial, 205, 215, 337; suggestions for, with Ireland under Home Rule, 205, 215, 337 Congested Districts Board, 152. 176-7; in Land Purchase, 310, 314; under Home Rule, 176-7, 317, 319 Connecticut, 8-9, 23
Constitutional Act, 1791, Canada, 76-9, 80
Constitutional Doubts, settlement of, 335
Constitution, Irish, summary of pro-
posed, Chapter XV.
Constitutions: Transvaal, of 1905, 130-7; of 1906, 137-39, 223-4, 323-4, 325 (footnote); United States, 191, 193-7, 224-5, 227; Dominion of Canada, 219, 220, 227, 327, 328, 330, 331, 334; Australian States, 107-8, 325 (footnote); Commonwealth of Australia, 196, 213, 219, 220, 227, 332; South African Union, 197, 224. See also Federal Systems and individual Colonies
Continental Congress, 1774, 35
Contract finance, 300, 303-6 Contribution of Ireland to Imperial services; in the eighteenth century, 26, 231; during the Union, 216, 234, 237-9, 247, 253-4, 282; under Home Rule, 216, 282, 286-7, 302-3,337 Convict system, Australia, 74 Copyright, 219-20 (footnote); Imperial Conference on, 337
Corn Laws, Repeal of, 236 Cornwallis, Lord, 35, 62 Courtney, Lord, 333 Cromwell, Oliver, 9
Crown Colony, features of, in Irish Government, 1-2, 64, 144, 157, 179, 188, 213, 284, 306
Crown Lands, revenue from, 275 Currie, B. W., 249, 252
Customs and Excise, Ireland, control of, under Home Rule, 227-9, 231-4, 275-9, 287-94, 300-1; Australia, 227-8, 245-6, 288, 295-9, ; Canada, 227-8; United States, 227-8; in Colonies generally, 254, 288. See also Finance, Federal Systems
Debt, Irish public, until 1816, 230-3 Danish invasions, 6
Declaration of Independence, Irish, 38; American, 35
Declaratory Acts for America and Ireland, 23-4, 31, 34, 45 Defender Society, 55-6
Deficit, in Irish Revenue, amount of, 259-60, 277, 279; method of dealing with, 281-6, 337
Denmark, agricultural policy in, 237, 290 Department of Agriculture and Tech- nical Instruction, 152; founding of, 155-62; allusions to, 234, 274, 291, 332 Derby, Lord, 123
Derry, Bishop of, 47
Development Commissioners, grants to Ireland, 274
Devolution movement, 152 Devon Commission, 1845, 69 Dillon, John, 146
Disagreement between two Chambers of Irish Legislature, 334
Disestablishment of Irish Church, 70, 103, 154
Disraeli, Benjamin, 109, 235
Dissenters, in Ireland, 9, 19-20, 24, 31; in American Colonies, 9, 20; in Canada, 80-2
Dublin, 170, 173, 186 Duffy, Sir C. Gavan, 114-6 Dunraven, Lord, 152, 178
Durban, Conference at, for Closer Union, 156-7, 192
Durham, Lord, Introduction, viii, 88-91, 94-99, 104, 126
Durham Report, 94-9, 104, 133 Dutch East India Company, 120
Emigration, from Ireland, 19-20, 31,
87, 111, 148, 156, 186 Emmett, Robert, 83, 86, 135, 171 Encumbered Estates Act, 1849, 69, 111 Equalization of taxes, in Ireland and Great Britain, 234-5, 246
Estate duties, assessment to, as test of taxable capacity, 240, 258; yield of, in Ireland, 275-6
Estates Commissioners. See Land Purchase
Eureka Stockade, 1854, 112-3 Evicted tenants, 177
Executive authority, in Colonies, 221-2, 323-8; in Ireland, under Home Rule, 221-2, 323-8
Executive Council, in Upper Canada, 79, 81, 100; in Lower Canada, 79, 84, 100
Extradition, Colonial powers over, 219 (and footnote); Irish powers over, 219, 329
Family Compact," in Upper Canada, 81; in the Maritime Provinces, 88 Famine, Irish, 1847, 69, 103, 236 Farrer, Lord, 249, 252-6
"Federal "Home Rule, 188, 192-206, 226-7, 294-300
Federal systems, in general, 192-7; Upper Chamber in, 212-3, 229, 300, 331-2; division of powers, as in Home Rule Bill, 223, 330; Amend- ment of Constitution, 225-7; finance, 227-9, 242-6, 294-300; judiciary, 334-6; settlement of constitutional questions, 335. See also Canada, Australian Colonies, South Africa, United States, Switzerland, Germany, Constitutions
Financial relations of Ireland and Great Britain (see Chapters XI., XII., XIII.); before the Union, 230-1, 290; from the Union to 1896, 232-57; Royal Commission on, 1894-1896, 239-57; present situation, 178-81, and Chapters XII. and XIII. Finance, of the Home Rule Bill, Chap- ter XIII., and summary, 337 Finance, Colonial. See Federal Sys- tems, and under names of Colonies Finance Act, 1894, 222 (footnote) Finance Act, 1909, 259, 301 Finlay, Father T. A., 165
Fiscal amalgamation, 1817, 233, 289 Fisher, J., author of "The End of the Irish Parliament," 13, 54
Fitzgibbon, Earl of Clare, Introduction, xi, and 49, 59-9, 60, 62, 65, 97, 126, 131, 134, 146 Fitzgibbon, James, 81 Fitzwilliam, Lord, 53-4 Flood, Henry, 46-7 Ford, Patrick, 149
Fortescue, Hon. J. W., 39-40 Foster's Corn Law, 51, 236 (footnote) Fox, Charles James, on Canada, 78-9; on Ireland, 91
France, Seven Years' War with, 26; in Canada, 72-3; in American War of Independence, 35; effect of, on Ireland, 35; effect of French Revolu- tion on Ireland, 54-5; invasions of Ireland, 56
Franklin, Benjamin, 31, 33-4
Free Trade, opinion in Ireland on, 170,
290; influence of, on Ireland, 235-7. See also Tariff Reform, Customs and Excise French-Canadians. See Chapter V., especially pages 72-8, 83-7, 96-7; also 121
Frere, Sir Bartle, 124
Gaelic League, 166-8 Geelong, 114 Georgia, 9, 21
Germany, 147; Federal Constitution of, 195, 228 (Zollverein)
Gladstone, W. E., Irish land reform, 68, 70, 99; on colonial liberty, 109- 11; his Transvaal and Irish policies, 125, 128; on representation of Ireland at Westminster, 203-11; taxation of Ireland, 234-5; on Irish expenditure, 282; financial schemes in the Home Rule Bills of 1886 and 1893, 300-3, and Appendix; for details of the Bills generally, see Appendix and in the text passim Gourlay, William, in Upper Canada,
Governors, in American Colonies, 23, 33; in the Canadas, 79, 102; in the Dominion of Canada, 195, 199; in the Commonwealth of Australia, 195 (footnote), 196, 221
Grattan, Henry, 44, 45, 46, 50, 53 Grattan's Parliament, Chapter III. Greene, General, 40
Greville's" Memoirs," 94, 103
Grey, Sir George, in Australasia, 115-7; in South Africa, 123-4, 194 Grote, George, 89, 92
Guarantee Fund, 267. See also Land Purchase
Guaranteed Loans, to Ireland (see Land Purchase); to the Transvaal and Canada, 318; to Crown Colonies and Foreign Powers, 318-9
Habeas Corpus Act, 330 Hamilton, Sir Edward, 238 Hancock, John, 35
Henderson, Professor G. C., 116 Henry VIII., Ireland in the reign of, 8
Hewins, Professor W. A. S., 293-4 Holland, Bernard, 33
Home Rule Bills of 1886 and 1893. For details, see Appendix, allusions in text passim
Home Rule Problems," edited by Basil Williams, Introduction, xiv, and pp. 178, 203, 307, 333
House of Lords: under the Union, 64; after Home Rule, 212, 229, 300 Howe, Joseph, in Nova Scotia, 88 Hume, philosophy of, 59 Hume, Joseph, 89, 90, 109 Hyde, Dr. Douglas, 166
Imperial Federation, 204-5 "In and Out" Clause, 209 Income Tax, first imposition of, in Ireland, 234-5; assessment to, as test of taxable capacity, 240, 258; yield of, in Ireland, 275-6; errors in com- puting Irish yield, 278 (footnote) India, 12
Indians, in America, 10 Industrial Development Associations,
Insurance, National, 178, 274, 306 International Copyright Act, 1886, 220 (footnote)
Ireland Development Grant, 311 Irish Agricultural Organization Society, 162-5
Irish Council Bill, 1907, 192, 304 Irish Homestead, 165
Irish Members at Westminster. See
Representation at Westminster
Irish Universities Act, 1908, 153, 173 Isle of Man, finance of, 255, 288
Jamaica, 1, 284 James, Sir Henry, 330 Jebb, Richard, 117-8 Johannesburg, 131, 133
Judges, Irish, under Home Rule, 334-5; Exchequer Judges, 336
Judicial salaries, Ireland, 273
Kitchener, Lord, 129 Kruger, President Paul, 124 Kyte, Ambrose, 114
Labourers (Ireland) Act, 1906, 153, 320 Labour questions, in Ireland, 170, 178 Lafontaine, Sir Louis, 103 Laing's Nek, 125
Land Acts, Irish, of 1870, 16-7, 68, 70-1,
151, 309; 1881, 16-7, 70, 103, 151, 309; 1885, 309; 1887, 70, 151; 1891, 70, 152, 309-10; 1896, 70, 152, 309; 1903, 71, 103, 152-3, 155, 310-21; 1909, 153, 311-21. See also Land Tenure, Land Purchase
Land Commission, 70; cost and control of, 273, 303, 317-9 Land League, 70
Land Purchase in Ireland, Chapter XIV.,
71, 151, 152-3, 177, 243, 285, 337; in Prince Edward Island, 75, 318 Land Tenure, in Ireland, 11-17, 51, 55-7, 65, 66-70, 143, 151-2, 177, 236-7; in America, 10, 15; in Prince Edward Island, 13, 75-6, 115, 143; in Upper Canada, 80; in Lower Canada, 84-5; in Australia, 115-6; in New Zealand, 116. See also Land Acts, Land Purchase
Lanyon, Sir Owen, 124, 127 Law, Bonar, 293
Law Courts, Ireland, 334-5 Lecky, Professor W. H., Introduction, vi and ix, and 6, 13, 16, 19, 29, 49, 57, 183 Legislative Councils, in America, 23; in Upper Canada, 79, 81, 100-2; in Lower Canada, 79, 84, 100 Legislature, Irish, powers of, general, 213-29, 328-30; financial powers, Chapter XIII., and 317-21, 337; com- position of, 330-4. For restrictions on, see also Safeguards for Minorities Legislatures, Colonial, powers and limitations of, general, 215-29. See also Constitutions, Federal Systems, and under names of Colonies Leinster, plantations in, 9 Lieutenant-Governors, in Dominion of Canada, 195, 221
Limerick, Treaty of, 12, 63
Local Government Board, cost of, 272 Local Government, working of, in Ireland, 103, 172-4
Local Government (Ireland) Act, 1898,
Local taxation, Ireland, 266; grants in aid of, 266-7, 311 Locker-Lampson, G., Introduction, vi, and 65
Londonderry, Lord, 61
Long, Walter, Introduction, x, xi, and 142, 152
Lord-Lieutenant, before the Union, 22- 3, 32-3; under the Union, 64; under Home Rule, 192, 199, 219, 221, 266, 324-7, 328, 335
Louisburg, capture of, 73 Lyttelton, Mr. Alfred, 131-2, 135
MacDonnell, Lord, 61, 152, 304
Mackenzie, W. L., in Upper Canada, 74, 82, 86-7, 94, 105
McKenna, Sir J., 238 McManus, T. B., 115
Maine, 8
Majuba, 125, 128 Malta, 1
Manitoba, 331
Maritime Provinces, 72, 75, 88, 95, and Chapter V. See also Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island Maryland, 8-9, 21
Massachusetts, 8, 10, 22-3 (and foot- note), 35
Meagher, T. F., 113-4 Melbourne, Lord, 94
Merchant Shipping Act, 1894, 220, 222 Mill, John Stuart, 67, 69, 89, 95 Milner, Lord, 129, 131, 138-9, 142 Miscellaneous revenue, Imperial, Ire- land's share of, 286-7 Mitchel, John, 113-4
Molesworth, Sir William, 89, 93-4, 109 Molyneux, on Irish liberty, 31 Montreal, 74-5, 103
Montgomery, General, 35, 75
Moore, W. Harrison, author of "The Commonwealth of Australia," 219 Morgan's Riflemen, 73
Morley, Lord, his "Life of Gladstone," Introduction, x, and 109, 125; on Irish Members at Westminster, 209; on Clause 7 of the Bill of 1886, 326 Municipal Technical Institute, Belfast, 162, 175
Municipal Reform Act, 1840, 103 Munster, plantations in, 9 Murray, Miss A. E., 17, 235, 293
Neilson, John, in Lower Canada, 85 Nelson, Wilfred, in Lower Canada, 85 Netherlands Government, 121 Neutrality, 219, 329
New Brunswick, Chapter V., and 72, 75-6, 88, 97, 194
New England, 9, 21, 120 Newfoundland, 73, 193-7, 288 New Haven, 8
New Netherlands, plantation of, 9 New South Wales, 106-7, 114, 117, 120, 194, 196; finance in, 297-8, 300 New Zealand, 106, 108, 115-7, 147, 193, 197, 217, 288
Ninety-two Resolutions, Lower Canada, 86
Nixon, Captain John, 35
North Carolina, 21 (footnote)
Nova Scotia, Chapter V., and 72, 76, 88, 97, 102, 194
Oak boys, in Ulster, 16 O'Brien, Barry, 178, 213 O'Brien, Murrough, 253
O'Brien, Smith, 83, 103, 114, 171 O'Brien, William, 177, 181,
O'Callaghan, Dr., in Lower Canada, 85 O'Connell, Daniel, 70-1, 85, 86, 89, 90, 91, 99, 123
O'Conor Don, the, 249 Octennial Act, 168, 357 O'Hara, James, 81
Old Age Pensions, 153, 178-9, 181, 273, 285, 291, 303
Oldham, Professor C. H., on Irish finance, 234, 262, 270
O'Loughlen, Sir Brian, in Victoria, 114 Omnes Omnia " Clause, 209
Ontario, Province of, prior to 1867, See Canada; after 1867, see Canada, Confederation of, and 194, 196, 331 Orange Free State, 120, 123-4, 126, 135, 196, 285
Orange Society, in Ireland, 55, 137, 155,
184, 187; in Canada, 87, 103, 184; in Australia, 114, 184
O'Shanassy, Sir John, in Victoria, 114
Paley, Dr., Philosophy of, 59 Papineau, Louis, in Lower Canada, 47, 85-7, 94, 105
Parliamentary parties, Irish, 181-2 Parliament, Irish (pre-Union), 24, 43, 50-8, 61, 62; finance under, 230-1, 290
Parnell, Charles Stewart, 135, 151, 171 Patents, 219
Peel, Sir Robert, on the Repeal of the Union, 91-2, 99, 236
Peep o' Day Boys, 55
Penal Code, 12-4, 26, 36, 55, 57, 65, 72, 156, 183, 308
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