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searcher after information and a guide to diagnosis and treatment should know of them and of the foundation upon which they rest.

The work is well prepared, copiously illustrated and has, what is of value in all works of this kind, a good index.

Neuropsychiatry and The War: A Bibliography with Abstracts. Prepared by MABEL WEBSTER BROWN, Librarian The National Committee for Mental Hygiene. Edited by FRANKWOOD E. WILLIAMS, M. D., Associate Medical Director The National Committee for Mental Hygiene. (New York: War Work Committee, The National Committee for Mental Hygiene, Inc., 1918.)

This book has been prepared and issued by the National Committee for Mental Hygiene "in order that psychiatrists and neurologists in the neuropsychiatric hospitals to the base and other military hospitals of the United States Government may have at hand the latest information upon special problems to be met in army camps."

It is difficult, indeed practically impossible, to review a book of this sort. The scope of the volume may be inferred when it is stated that the book comprises over 280 pages exclusive of an index of authors and a very full subject index. In addition to the abstracts of books and parts of books, there are abstracts of more than 300 articles from journals.

The abstracts are arranged under countries in whose language the original books or articles were published. Due to the fact that but few German books or periodical publications have been received since 1915, and that books and periodicals from other foreign countries have come with much irregularity, the omission of many important references has been unavoidable. About one-half of the book is made up from abstracts from material printed in the English language, the remainder being taken from the literature of France, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia and Germany.

One is reminded in reading here and there in this book of the order published early in the war in Germany forbidding the export of German medical and scientific books and periodicals lest the "enemy gain something of advantage from their contents."

One rather illuminating extract (page 271), in view of the light it throws upon what kind of material Germany has taken into her army, refers to the advice contained in the annual report of a German asylum against conscripting any more of its inmates for military service. The report states that the "Asylums are proud that their inmates are allowed to serve the Fatherland, but the results have not been satisfactory." The same report states that "owing to underfeeding, the death rate in the institution has greatly increased."

The War Work Committee and Miss Brown and Dr. Williams are to be congratulated upon contributing a book of real value to the literature of the war neuroses and psychoses, and have done a very material service to the medical officers of the army by placing this volume in their hands.

The National Committee for Mental Hygiene is daily demonstrating its great usefulness to the country.

Statistical Manual for the Use of Institutions for the Insane. (New York: The National Committee for Mental Hygiene, Bureau of Statistics, 1918.)

This pamphlet is virtually a republication of the classification forms recommended by the Committee on Statistics of The American MedicoPsychological Association and published with the report of this committee in this JOURNAL for October, 1917, with directions and forms.

The National Committee for Mental Hygiene has established a Bureau of Uniform Statistics and has received a special gift to defray the initial expenses of the work of collecting statistics from institutions for the insane. This manual is prepared to assist institutions in preparing and keeping accurate and uniform statistical tables.

The manual and duplicate forms will be furnished by the National Committee free to all cooperating institutions. We trust that this laudable attempt on the part of the National Committee to promote and establish a national system of statistics upon mental diseases will receive the cordial support and ready cooperation of all institutions in the country.

"

Carry On." A Magazine on the Reconstruction of Disabled Soldiers and Sailors. Edited by the Office of The Surgeon-General, U. S. Army. (Washington: Published for The Surgeon-General by The American Red Cross.)

This little magazine which has now reached its third number (September, 1918) is intended to awaken interest in the reconstruction of disabled soldiers and sailors. The term "reconstruction" has by common consent of those informed in this department of the medical work of the army come to mean the reconstruction or retraining of the soldier or sailor handicapped by injuries which would tend to interfere with his following his usual or indeed any occupation. His working ability is reconstructed by training. Work is found for him suited to his limited capacity, limited by reason of disabilities received in line of service. Artificial limbs of special types adapted to the work to be done are constructed and their use taught to the soldier. Work not demanding mere manual dexterity or physical strength is found for many, and in these ways the lives of the disabled are reconstructed, their outlook brightened and they are enabled to "carry on." Not only is physical training carried on, but also mental, the two often of necessity going hand in hand.

In providing vocational reeducation and reconstruction for disabled soldiers and sailors, not only will the future happiness and welfare of these men be made more certain, but the whole country will benefit.

We are unable to refer in detail to the many interesting articles in the numbers of "Carry On" already published, but we commend them to those who are interested in the subject of reeducation of those disabled by war, or handicapped by any other means.

Obituary.

HENRY MAUDSLEY, M. D., F. R. C. P., Lond.,
LL. D., EDIN. (HON.)

BORN FEB. 5, 1835; DIED JAN. 24, 1918.

In the death of Dr. Henry Maudsley on January 24, 1918, at the ripe age of 82, British psychiatry lost one of its most prominent representatives, one who was not only distinguished by his intellectual attainments, but also by his strong feeling of social responsibility, which showed itself most strikingly in his generous gift, which led to the establishment in London of a fully equipped hospital for the study and treatment of acute mental disorders. The contributions of Dr. Maudsley to medical literature have been especially distinguished by their philosophical tone, which is as striking in his early work on the "Physiology and Pathology of Mind," published in 1867, as in his " Organic to Human, Psychological and Sociological," which appeared in 1917. Even in 1918 one may with profit turn back to his "Physiology of Mind" and read his chapter on "The Emotions or Affections of Mind"; he will not find any mention of the data, which the more recent researches of Cannon have put at our disposal, but he will find a broad formulation of the whole problem so justly conceived, that the newly acquired data fit into it without necessitating the modification of the general outlines. As his life progressed the writings of Dr. Maudsley tended to embrace a wider scope, and he became still more the philosopher; in none of his writings do we find him discussing his subject from the usual standpoint of the mere clinician. His intellectual development was no doubt favored by the fact that at a comparatively early age he escaped from the restricted atmosphere of hospital administration, and went to London, where he soon became physician to the West London Hospital, and was appointed professor of medical jurisprudence in University College in 1867. From that time on as author, as joint editor of the Journal of Mental Science and as a member of various medical societies, he had an important influence on the

development of psychological medicine in Great Britain. Critical and perhaps even cynical in his views, widely read and with a vast store of information, childless and with a somewhat difficult temperament, Dr. Maudsley was not of the type which readily inspires affection, but he commanded the respect of all those with whom he came in contact either in a social or in a professional way. He leaves behind him the memory of a man of serious purpose and wide culture, who throughout a long life devoted himself with unusual success to raising the medical specialty which he had embraced to a level worthy of its importance.

PROFESSOR EMMANUEL RÉGIS.

BORN APRIL, 1855; DIED JUNE, 1918.

C.

It had been common knowledge among friends of Dr. Emmanuel Régis that the death of his aviator son on the field of honor, in October, 1917, had crushed the spirit of a father already suffering greatly under the stress and strain of war. The great clinical psychiatrist never fully rallied from the shock and himself made the supreme sacrifice towards the end of last June. In that death-it is no exaggeration to say-there passed on the most brilliant alienist of France and one of her noblest sons. For many years Bordeaux, thanks to Régis, had been a focus from which had radiated all that was characteristic and best of French mental medicine.

The chief landmarks of Dr. Régis' life history may be stated briefly. Son of Dr. Louis Régis, he was born at Auterive (HauteGaronne) April 29, 1855. He made his bachelier at the age of 16. Through Dr. Linas, his cousin, inspector of hospitals for the insane of the Seine, he began early, even when a medical student, to devote himself to mental medicine, and the doors of the asylums of Ville-Evrard and Sainte-Anne were opened to him. At the age of 23 he took the Esquirol prize for his memoir, "La Dynamie ou exaltation fonctionnelle au début de la paralysie générale progressive." His doctor's thesis in 1880 on "Folie à deux ou Folie simultanée " won the Baillarger prize. Next year he became, at the age of 26, chief of the mental clinic of the Paris Faculty of Medicine and assistant physician of the Asylum of

Sainte-Anne. In 1883 he became chief physician of the Maison de Santé de Castel d'Andorte, Bordeaux, and began his first course of lectures in 1884. In 1905 he was appointed assistant professor, and in 1913 full professor, of mental diseases.

The contribution of Dr. Régis to French psychiatry can hardly be overestimated. He was a pioneer in recognizing the relationship of cause and effect between mental confusion and autointoxication, in elaboration of a chapter opened by Georget and Ferrus, and made that discovery the basis of a new pathology and therapeusis. He threw fresh and strong light on obsessions and fixed ideas. He was a staunch, because convinced, supporter of the specific origin of general paresis when that doctrine was new and not popular. He modified conceptions of mental disease in all fields and clarified etiology everywhere. As a clinician, he was always among the hopeful exponents of his art and insisted that disorder of mind, instead of being the invariable and ineluctable consequence of a tyrannous atavism, might be the result, as in the case of other morbid phenomena, of accidental causes, such as intoxication and infection. His great "Précis," translated into several languages (including an English version by Bannister, of Chicago), and of which several editions have appeared, embodied all his careful studies and has well been called the "breviary of the physicians of France." Upon French psychiatry, indeed on that of the world, Régis has left the indelible impress of his genius and industry. He was French with his whole soul. It was natural that he, perhaps more than any other French alienist, should have challenged the conceptions of mental disease emanating from the other side of the Rhine. He was never more impatient than when German obscurity camouflaged itself as depth. The commonplaces and pretensions of rigid and pedantic formalism annoyed him, and while he lived to be on sentry-go, it required something more than a mere Teutonic password to gain access to the sacred precincts of which he was always the valiant defender. In addition to being a great scientist, Régis was a profound scholar and man of letters. Sophocles and Euripides were his favorite recreation. As a speaker he was always eloquent and everybody knows how lucidly and charmingly he wrote. No wonder all Bordeaux wept at his bier, for, greatest possession of all to win the hearts of men, he was thoroughly human and had a warm heart of his own.

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