ARSENIATE OF NICKEL. Experiment 1. If arsenic acid be saturated with oxyd of nickel, the arseniate of nickel will be formed, which is a soluble salt, of an apple green colour. MOLYBDATE OF NICKEL. Experiment 1. If molybdate of potash be added to a solution of nitrate of nickel, a white precipitate will be formed, which is molybdate of nickel. See Nickel. Remark. The salts of nickel have the following general properties: 1. Fixed alkalies precipitate the metal in an oxyd of a greenish white. 2. Ammonia produces a precipitate, but an excess re-dissolves it; the solution being blue. 3. Prussiate of potash occasions a dull green precipitate. 4. Hydro-sulphuret of potash froms a black precipi tate. 5. Tincture of galls gives a grayish white precipi tate. SECTION XIV. SALTS OF ZINC. NITRATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. If nitric acid be added to zinc, a vio lent effervescence takes place, and the metal will be dissolved, which, on evaporation, will yield crystals of nitrate of zinc in flat four sided prisms, which deliquesces in the air, and is very soluble in water. Experiment 2. If the nitrate thus produced be melted in a strong heat, it will part with its acid, and leave an oxyd of zinc in the crucible. MURIATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. If zinc be dissolved in muriatic acid, the solution will yield on evaporation a gelatinous mass, which deliquesces in the air, called muriate of zinc. Experiment 2. If this mass be heated, it will sublime in small needles. SULPHATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. If zinc be dissolved in diluted sulphuric acid, the solution will afford, on evaporation, crystals in four flat sided prisms of sulphate of zinc, called also white vitriol, vitriol of zinc, and white copperas. See Zinc. Remark, This salt was discovered in Germany about the middle of the 16th century. It is very soluble, and is decomposed in a strong heat. It contains 28.2 oxyd, 25.6 acid, and 46 water. SULPHITE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. If zinc be dissolved in sulphurous acid, on evaporation crystals in four sided prisms of sulphuretted sulphite of zinc, which absorb oxygen very slowly when exposed to the air, and crystals of sulphite of zinc, which speedily absorbs oxygen will result. PHOSPHATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. Oxyd of zinc combined with phosphoric acid forms phosphate of zinc, which does not crystallize, but yields, when evaporated, a mass like gum arabic. CARBONATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. If sulphate of zinc be decomposed by D d carbonate of potash, a white precipitate will be obtained called carbonate of zinc. See Zinc. Remark. This compound occurs native, of a brown colour, and is known by the name of calamine. It is composed of one part acid, and two parts oxyd. FLUATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. Fluoric acid combined with zinc, forms fluate of zinc, which does not crystallize. BORATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. When boracic acid is united with zinc, the result is an insoluble compound called borate of zinc. ACETATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. If zinc or its oxyd be dissolved in acetic acid, acetate of zinc will be formed; or, Experiment 2. If sulphate of zinc be dissolved in water, and a solution of acetate of lead added until no further precipitate is formed; the mixture then filtered, and the clear fluid evaporated, the same product will be obtained. See Zinc. Remark. This salt crystallizes in rhomboidal or hexagonal plates of a talky appearance. Its taste is bitter and metallic. It is very soluble in water. It is this salt which is formed in mixtures of acetate of lead and sulphate of zinc, and to its presence is attributed their efficacy in certain diseases. SUCCINATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. If oxyd of zinc be dissolved in succinic acid, and the solution evaporated, foliated crystals of succinate of zinc will be formed. BENZOATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. When benzoic acid is saturated with oxyd of zinc, the result is benzoate of zinc, which form needle shaped crystals soluble in water and alcohol. OXALATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. When oxalate of potash is decomposed by sulphate of zinc, the result is sulphate of potash and oxalate of zinc; the latter being scarcely soluble in water will precipitate. CITRATE OF ZINC. Experiment 1. If oxyd of zinc be combined with citric acid, small brilliant crystals of citrate of zinc may be obtained. Remark. The arseniate, tungstate, molybdate and chromate of zinc are all insoluble in water, the first three are white, the last orange red. See Zinc. The salts of zinc possess the following properties: 1. Prussiate of potash occasions a white precipitate; 2. They are decomposed by alkalies; and, 3. Tincture of galls affords no precipitate. SECTION XV. SALTS OF BISMUTH. NITRATE OF BISMUTH. Experiment 1. If nitric acid be poured on bismuth, an effervescence will be produced, the metal will dissolve and form nitrate of bismuth, which will crystallize in four sided prisms. Experiment 2. If nitrate of bismuth be triturated with phosphorus, a violent detonation will take place. Experiment 3. If crystals of nitrate of bismuth be dissolved in water, oxy-nitrate of bismuth will be formed and remain in solution, and sub-nitrate of bismuth will be precipitated. See Bismuth. MURIATE OF BISMUTH. Experiment 1. If bismuth be dissolved in nitro-muriatic acid, and the solution evaporated, small prismatic crystals of muriate of bismuth will be formed. Experiment 2. If this salt be distilled, a white mass will be obtained, which easily melts, and is called butter of bismuth. SULPHATE OF BISMUTH. Experiment 1. If a mixture of sulphuric acid and bismuth be heated, a white mass remains, which is sulphate of bismuth. SULPHITE OF BISMUTH. Experiment 1. When sulphurous acid is saturated with bismuth, a white insoluble powder is obtained called sulphite of bismuth. PHOSPHATE OF BISMUTH. Experiment 1. Oxyd of bismuth dissolved in liquid phosphoric acid, forms phosphate of bismuth: if a portion of the acid be abstracted, sub-phosphate of bismuth will result, which is a white powder. ACETATE OF BISMUTH. Experiment 1. If the solutions of acetate of potash and nitrate of bismuth be mixed and heated, small talky |