lic authority given unto them in the congregation, to call and send ministers into the Lord's vineyard.

Can. 36. No person shall be received into the ministry, nor admitted to any ecclesiastical living, nor suffered to preach, to catechize, or to be a lecturer or reader of divinity in either university, or in any cathedral or collegiate church, city, or market town, parish church, chapel, or any other place within this realm; except he be licensed either by the archbishop or by the bishop of the diocese where he is to be placed, under their hands and seals, or by one of the two universities under their seal likewise; and except he shall first subscribe to the three articles concerning the king's supremacy, the book of common prayer, and the thirty-nine articles: and if any bishop shall license any person without such subscription, he shall be suspended from giving licences to preach for the space of twelve months.

And by the 31 El. c. 6. If shall receive or take any any person money, fee, reward, or any other profit, directly or indirectly, or any promise thereof, either to himself or to any of his friends (all ordinary and lawful fees only excepted), to procure any licence to preach; he shall forfeit 401. § io.

After the preacher shall be licensed, then it is ordained as followeth :

Can. 45. Every beneficed man, allowed to be a preacher, and residing on his benefice, having no lawful impediment, shall in his own cure, or in some other church or chapel (where he may conveniently) near adjoining, where no preacher is, preach one sermon every Sunday of the year; wherein he shall soberly and sincerely divide the word of truth to the glory of God, and to the best edification of the people.

Can. 47. Every beneficed man, licensed by the laws of this [270] realm (upon urgent occasions of other service) not to reside upon his benefice, shall cause his cure to be supplied by a curate that is a sufficient and licensed preacher, if the worth of the benefice will bear it. But whosoever hath two benefices, shall maintain a preacher licensed, in the benefice where he doth not reside, except he preach himself at both of them usually.

By Can. 50. Neither the minister, churchwardens, nor any other officers of the church, shall suffer any man to preach within their churches or chapels, but such as by shewing their licence to preach shall appear unto them to be sufficiently authorised thereunto, as is aforesaid.

Can. 51. The deans, presidents, and residentiaries of any cathedral or collegiate church, shall suffer no stranger to preach unto the people in their churches; except they be allowed by the archbishop of the province, or by the bishop of the same diocese, or by either of the universities: and if any in his sermon shall publish any doctrine either strange or disagreeing

from the word of God, or from any of the thirty-nine articles, or from the book of common prayer: the dean or residents shall by their letters, subscribed with some of their hands that heard him, so soon as may be, give notice of the same to the bishop of the diocese, that he may determine the matter, and take such order therein as he shall think convenient.

Can. 52. That the bishop may understand (if occasion so require (what sermons are made in every church of his diocese, and who presume to preach without licence; the churchwardens and sidemen shall see, that the names of all preachers which come to their church from any other place, be noted in a book, which they shall have ready for that purpose; wherein every preacher shall subscribe his name, the day when he preached, and the name of the bishop of whom he had licence to preach.

Can. 53. If any preacher shall in the pulpit particularly or namely, of purpose impugn or confute any doctrine delivered by any other preacher in the same church, or in any church near adjoining, before he hath acquainted the bishop of the diocese therewith, and received order from him what to do in that case, because upon such public dissenting and contradicting there may grow much offence and disquietness unto the people; the churchwardens or party grieved shall forthwith signify the same to the said bishop, and not suffer the said preacher any more to occupy that place which he hath once abused, except he faith[271] fully promise to forbear all such matter of contention in the church, until the bishop hath taken further order therein: who shall with all convenient speed so proceed therein, that public satisfaction may be made in the congregation where the offence was given. Provided, that if either of the parties offending do appeal, he shall not be suffered to preach pendente lite.

in

Can. 55. Before all sermons, lectures, and homilies, the preachers and ministers shall move the people, to join with them prayer, in this form, or to this effect, as briefly as conveniently they may: "Ye shall pray for Christ's holy catholic church, "that is, for the whole congregation of christian people dis"persed throughout the whole world, and especially for the "churches of England, Scotland, and Ireland. And herein I

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require you most especially, to pray for the king's most ex"cellent majesty, our sovereign lord James, king of England, "Scotland, France, and Ireland, defender of the faith, and supreme governor in these his realms, and all other his dominions and countries, over all persons, in all causes, as well "ecclesiastical as temporal. Ye shall also pray for our gracious "queen Anne, the noble prince Henry, and the rest of the king "and queen's royal issue. Ye shall also pray for the ministers "of God's holy word and sacraments, as well archbishops and "bishops, as other pastors and curates. Ye shall also pray for

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"the king's most honourable council, and for all the nobility " and magistrates of this realm, that all and every of these in "their several callings, may serve truly and painfully to the glory of God, and the edifying and well governing of his "people, remembering the account that they must make. Also 66 ye shall pray for the whole commons of this realm, that they may live in the true faith and fear of God, in humble obe"dience to the king, and brotherly charity one to another. "Finally, let us praise God for all those which are departed out "of this life in the faith of Christ, and pray unto God that we 26 may have grace to direct our lives after their good example; "that this life ended, we may be made partakers with them of "the glorious resurrection in the life everlasting: always con"cluding with the Lord's prayer."

The like form was injoined by the injunctions of queen Elizabeth in the year 1559; and a form of bidding was likewise prescribed (but of a different tenor from these two) by the injunctions of Edward the sixth; and also before this (and before the [272] Reformation) we find the like bidding form in English, in a festival printed in the year 1509, which is much longer than these, and is reprinted at length by Dr. Burnet in his History of the Reformation. Vol. 2. Append. p. 104.

The occasion of this kind of bidding prayer (as it is called) was, that in the ancient church silence was commanded to be kept for a time, for the people's secret prayers; and in this or such like form the minister directed the people what to pray for. A remainder of which usage is still preserved in the office of ordination of priests. 1 Warn. 28.

In the year 1661, there is an entry in the journal of the upper house of convocation, that the bishops unanimously voted for one form of prayer, to be used by all ministers, as well before as after sermon: and that this order was pursued in the convocation (although not brought to effect), appears from the minutes of the lower house, where on January 31. we find a committee appointed for this (among other purposes) to compile a prayer before sermon. Gibs. 311.

Peccham. Every priest shall explain to the people, four times a year, the fourteen articles of faith, the ten commandments, the two evangelical precepts, the seven works of mercy, the seven deadly sins with their consequences, the seven principal virtues, and the seven sacraments of grace. The fourteen articles of faith (whereof seven belong to the mystery of the Trinity, and seven to Christ's humanity) are, 1. The unity of the divine essence in the three persons of the undivided Trinity. 2. That the Father is God. 3. That the Son is God. 4. That the Holy Ghost, proceeding from the Father and the Son, is God. 5. The creation of heaven and earth by the whole and undivided

Trinity. 6. The sanctification of the church by the Holy Ghost; the sacraments of grace; and all other things wherein the christian church communicateth. 7. The consummation of the church in eternal glory, to be truly raised again in flesh and spirit; and opposite thereunto the eternal damnation of the reprobate. 8. The incarnation of Christ. 9. His being born of the Blessed Virgin. 10. His suffering and death upon the cross. 11. His descent into hell. 12. His resurrection from the dead. 13. His ascension into heaven. 14. His future coming to judge the world. The ten commandments are the precepts of the Old Testament. To these the gospel addeth two others, to wit, the [273] love of God, and of our neighbour. Of the seven works of mercy, six are collected out of the gospel of St. Matthew; to feed the hungry, to give drink to the thirsty, to entertain the stranger, to clothe the naked, to visit the sick, and to comfort those that are in prison: and the seventh is gathered out of Tobias, to wit, to bury the dead. The seven deadly sins are, pride, envy, anger or hatred, slothfulness, covetousness, gluttony and drunkenness, luxury. The seven principal virtues are, faith, hope, charity, which respect God; prudence, temperance, justice, fortitude, with regard unto men. The seven sacraments of grace are, baptism, confirmation, orders, penance, matrimony, the eucharist, and extreme unction. Lind. 1. 43. 54.

Homilies.

12. Rubric after the Nicene creed. Then shall follow the sermon, or one of the homilies already set forth or hereafter to be set forth by authority.

Form of ordaining deacons. It appertaineth to the office of a deacon, to read holy scriptures and homilies in the church.

Art. 35. The second book of homilies, the several titles whereof we have joined unto this article, doth contain a godly and wholesome doctrine, and necessary for these times, as doth the former book of homilies, which were set forth in the time of Edward the sixth; and therefore we judge them to be read in churches by the ministers diligently and distinctly, that they may be understanded of the people.

Can. 49. No person whatsoever not examined and approved by the bishop of the diocese, or not licensed as is aforesaid for a sufficient or convenient preacher, shall take upon him to expound in his own cure or elsewhere, any scripture or matter of doctrine; but shall study to read plainly and aptly (without glossing or adding) the homilies already set forth, or hereafter to be published by lawful authority, for the confirmation of the true faith, and for the good instruction and edification of the people.

Can. 46. Every beneficed man, not allowed to be a preacher, shall procure sermons to be preached in his cure, once in every month at the least, by preachers lawfully licensed; if his living, in the judgment of the ordinary, will be able to bear it. And

upon every Sunday, when there shall not be a sermon preached in his cure; he or his curate shall read some one of the homilies prescribed or to be prescribed by authority, to the intents aforesaid.

13. Besides the publication of things merely ecclesiastical, there [274] are divers acts of parliament, and other matters temporal, re- Publication quired to be published in the churches. Such are these which of acts of follow:

The act of uniformity of the 5 & 6 Ed. 6. is required to be read in the church by the minister once every year.

The act against swearing of the 19 G. 2. to be read in the church by the minister four times every year.

The act of the 12 An. st. 2. c. 18. concerning ships in distress, to be read in the church four times a year in all the sea-port towns, and on the coast, immediately after prayers and before the sermon.

The act for the observation of the fifth of November, to be read by the minister on that day, after the morning prayer or preaching.

The act for the commemoration of king Charles the second's restoration, to be read after the Nicene creed on the Lord's day next before the twenty-ninth day of May yearly.

By the 17 G. 2. c. 3. The churchwardens and overseers of the poor shall cause public notice to be given in the church, of every rate for relief of the poor allowed by the justices of the peace, the next Sunday after such allowance; and no rate shall be reputed sufficient to be collected, till after such notice given. § 1.

By the yearly land-tax acts, and by the acts for laying duties upon houses and windows, the collectors of the said tax and duties respectively shall, within ten days after their receipt of the duplicates of the assessment, cause public notice to be given in the church or chapel immediately after divine service on the Lord's day (if any such divine service shall be performed therein within that time) of the time and place appointed by the commissioners, for hearing and determining appeals against the said

assessment.

Pulpit. See Church.

parliament, and other

temporal

matters in the church.

BY

Purgation.

Y a provincial constitution of archbishop Langton; ecclesias- Purgation tical judges shall not compel any to come to purgation at in general.