law of May 29, 1901. (See Justices' Digest and Guide p. 463 par. 58.)

The act of June 5, 1913, amends the act of May 31, 1911, in regard to State Highways so as to make the taxpayers of counties, townships and boroughs liable for their proportion of repairs necessary on state highways, but the state alone shall have the control of the same.

The act of June 5, 1913, requires prothonotaries to enter judgments of the United States Courts on their dockets.

The manner of taking and entering exceptions on the trial of any case, civil or criminal, is by act of June 5, 1913, given another twist, so as to wipe out the arbitrary rule established some years ago by the State Supreme Court. Now it is not necessary for the trial judge even to "allow an exception," to any ruling. "Immediately succeeding such ruling, the official stenographer shall note such exception.'

The act of May 15, 1895, in relation to hand-writing experts, was amended by act of June 6, 1913, so as to make the opinion of such experts "relevant," "where there is a question as to any writing."

The act of June 7, 1913, appropriates $35,000, to make up a deficiency in the automobile division of the State Highway department.

The act of June 7, 1913, gives Magistrates, Aldermen and Justices of the Peace power to inquire into the condition of any diseased or injured animal and order its destruction.

The act of June 11, 1913, provides for the manner of execution against a husband's estate for the support of his wife or children, or both. This relates to act of April 13, 1867, P. L. 78. (See Justices' Digest and Guide p. 530, par. 10); but does not alter the practice under sec. 29 of the act of June 13, 1836, P. L. 547, in the case of a deserting wife. (See Justices' Digest and Guide, p. 530, par. 9; for forms of procedure see p. 531 Justices' Digest and Guide.)

The act of June 12, 1913, is one of first importance to every inn or hotel keeper, who is required to post not less than ten copies of the act conspicuously in his inn or hotel. It relates to his liability to the guest for baggage and valuables; his lien for board and lodging; and provides a penalty for false pretences in obtaining credit. (See Justices' Digest and Guide p. 633, pars. 119, 120.)

This act does not include a boarding house keeper, as does the act of April 20, 1876, P. L. 45, which still stands, as to boarding houses. The act is No. 318.

The act of June 12, 1913, further penalizes a husband and father who deserts his wife or children and provides for his imprisonment. It is cumulative upon the Act of 1903, construed in Comth. v. Mills, 26 Supr. C. 549. (See Justices' Digest and Guide, p. 532.)

The act of June 13, 1913, makes an appropriation of $1,000,000, to pay to townships a portion of the sum due them under the act of June 14, 1911, on account of Cash road tax, whereas the sum due them, as stated by Representative Rockwell of Tioga County, was $2,500,000, on that account.

The act of June 17, 1913, contains 19 sections relating to state, city and county taxation and its features should be carefully scrutinized, as it repeals a number of laws, which it is supposed to supply.

The act of June 19, 1913, provides that a deputy constable may be appointed solely by the constable concerned, with the approval of the Court of Quarter Sessions. Such deputy must be a bona fide resident of the ward, borough or township for which appointed.

The act of June 19, 1913, amends the act of June 8, 1911, so as to put borough police under the direction of the Burgess instead of the Council.

The act to pay constables for services in visiting liquor venderies once a month supplies a hiatus in the law. It is not

in conflict with the constitution which is a common sense document and does not require an officer to work without pay.

APPEAL FROM SUMMARY CONVICTION

A question has been propounded as to the proper practice, where a defendant has been convicted summarily of an offense and gives notice that he will appeal to the Court of Quarter Sessions. The law allows him five days in which to procure an allowance of an appeal and to perfect it. What shall be done with the defendant, meantime? May he be committed, and if so, how can he perfect his appeal!

Our view is that the law is humane and, in these offenses not mala in se, a notice of appeal given the magistrate, should be entered thus: "Same day, defendant gives notice of intention to appeal," and that this suspends execution for five days. To take the other view is to assume that defendant is a criminal.

THE NEW PRIMARY LAW.

The points of the new political primary law are:

1. To be a political party in the State it must have polled at least 2 per cent. of the highest vote for any State office; in a county, at least 5 per cent.

2. The spring primaries shall be held on the third Tuesday of May, in even numbered years; the fall primaries on the third Tuesday of September, in odd numbered years. Next primaries, September 16, 1913; May 19, 1914.

3. State Committeemen, unless already elected, must be elected September 16 next.

4. Nomination petitions can be signed only by voters of the party petitioning, and each signer must give his resi

dence, occupation and date of signature, signing only for as many persons as he can vote for at the election. No petition can be circulated prior to 60 days before the last day for filing. Every petition must be sworn to in detail; not only that, but each sheet of it must be proved by the oath of some person knowing and verifying its contents. (Petitions are now in order.) For the spring primary next, the first date is February 21 for State officers, and February 28 for county officers. The last day for petitions for Superior Court Judges, this year, is August 19; for county officers, August 26; for State officers, next year, April 28, 1914. The number of legal signers for Congress, District Delegate to National Convention, Judges of County or District Courts and Senators, is 200, of the district comprehended and concerned; for Legislature or State Committeemen, 100 of the county or district; for inspectors of election, 5 of the division; for other offices, 10 of the district.

5. Petitions can be set aside only for material errors in the same or the affidavit; but invalidity of one sheet shall not vitiate the remainder, if the number is still sufficient. The last day for filing objections to petitions in 1913 is August 25; 1914, April 27.

6. A plurality vote decides; in case of a tie, the twain Ishall draw lots.

7. Each candidate may have two watchers.

8. Withdrawals must be made this year before the County Commissioners on or before August 29; next year, on or before May 1.

9. Primary election officers draw the same pay as general election officers.

10. The hours of election are from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.

11.

Liquor dispensaries must close on primary election days from 6 a.m. until 8 p.m.

12. No ballot shall be wholly rejected unless it is impossible to ascertain any particular intent. If a mistake is made as to any part, only that part shall be rejected.

13. On sworn petition of five electors of the election division, the Court of Common Pleas may order a recount.

14. A voter shall not be assisted, except affidavit be made that he cannot read or is unable from physical cause to mark his ballot.

15. When a voter is challenged politically, he is required to swear that he voted for a majority of the candidates of the party, at the last election.

16. The added penalties of this act are a fine of $100, for presenting names falsely and fraudulently on a nomination paper; $500 and one year imprisonment for a policeman who goes within 100 feet of the polling place, except to vote or preserve the public peace. Presumably, the penalties of the former primary laws, going back to the original one of 1881, are preserved. However, this and other points may appear when the act is published, as approved July 12.

(See Sec. 14, Act of February 17, 1906, P. L. 43—Jus tices' Digest and Guide, P. 606.)