Too Hot to Handle: The Race for Cold FusionPrinceton University Press, 14 lip 2014 - 388 Frank Close, a leading physicist and talented popular science writer, reveals the true story of the cold fusion controversy--a story ignored until now in spite of the glare of publicity surrounding Martin Fleischmann and Stanley Pons. On March 23, 1989, these two Utah scientists held an astonishing press conference, maintaining that they had succeeded, working in secret, in harnessing atomic fusion. What was the basis for their claims to have achieved cold fusion in a test tube in a basement laboratory, while other scientists--using magnets as big as houses and temperatures hotter than those in the center of the sun--were failing to produce as much power as they were using? Why did Fleischmann and Pons proclaim their "discovery" at a news conference, when first announcements of scientific results are almost always made within the scientific community? Why did the full-blown media event inspired by their initial report cause governments to reorient their research programs in hopes of cornering the "new technology"? And why did some scientists recklessly abandon their traditional painstaking methods in haste to be first to prove or discredit the experiment? Acquainted at first hand with investigations of cold fusion on two continents, Close is uniquely qualified to probe the motivations behind Fleischmann's and Pons's startling assertions and to explore the intellectual and political turmoil that surrounded the cold fusion debate. |
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... and this reinforced the vague idea : bring nuclei of light elements together and build the nuclei of heavy ones . Atoms consist of a densely packed positively charged nucleus encircled by negatively charged electrons all held in place by ...
... electrons encircle it . The simplest atom , hydrogen , consists of a single electron encircling the nucleus which has a single positive charge ; the positively charged particle that comprises the hydrogen nucleus is called the ' proton ...
... electron from their periphery ) . The hydrogen atom loses its electron , becomes positively charged and is attracted to the negatively charged electrode , called the cathode ; the oxygen gains an electron and migrates to the positive ...
... electrons among neighbouring atoms involves the transfer of ' chemical ' energy , taking in or releasing heat ( as when carbon and oxygen combine to produce heat in a fire ) . The rearrangement of protons and neutrons also involves ...
... electrons — are the seed that catalyses the fusion.3 Palmer did not discover the paper until 1986 , but he was lucky because in his department at Brigham Young University in Utah was Steven Jones who had spent the previous four years ...
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Too Hot to Handle: The Race for Cold Fusion F. E. Close,Professor Frank Close Podgląd niedostępny - 1991 |