Grammar and Meaning: A Semantic Approach to English GrammarRoutledge, 11 cze 2014 - 312 Grammar and Meaning is an introduction to the study of grammar of contemporary English. It provides an impressive survey of all the main areas of English grammar, from words through to sentences and texts. It introduces and explains the linguistic terms needed to talk about the ways in which language works, from simple terms like adjective to more complex terms like non-finite clause. To meet the needs of both students and scholars, Howard Jackson has produced an innovative approach to the study of English grammar. Instead of concentrating on the formal and theoretical discussion of grammar, as many introductions do, this original analysis examines the 'meanings' we want to express when we use language. Beginning with the question, "What do we talk about?", it goes on to investigate how these meanings are structured in the grammar of English. These notions are closer to our ordinary understanding of what language is doing, and therefore the forms and structures of grammar are more easily grasped. The book is extensively illustrated with examples from real English. With analytical exercises in each chapter and a comprehensive glossary of terms, the book will prove and invaluable aid to students of English language, linguistics and English as a Foreign Language, whilst also being accessible to anyone who studies English grammar as part of their course. |
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Strona 27
... represented grammatically by verbs; in Chapter 2, the participants in these states, events and actions, which are represented grammatically by nouns; and in Chapter 3, the circumstances (e.g. of place or time) attendant on the state ...
... represented grammatically by verbs; in Chapter 2, the participants in these states, events and actions, which are represented grammatically by nouns; and in Chapter 3, the circumstances (e.g. of place or time) attendant on the state ...
Strona 31
... represent the general content of the messages that we communicate by means of language : STATES , EVENTS and ACTIONS ( we will use capitals for semantic labels ) . Although the whole utterance ( e.g. ' She sent you a message ' ) may be ...
... represent the general content of the messages that we communicate by means of language : STATES , EVENTS and ACTIONS ( we will use capitals for semantic labels ) . Although the whole utterance ( e.g. ' She sent you a message ' ) may be ...
Strona 36
... represent the most specific situation types . We may regard these terms as representing fifteen semantic subclasses of verb , since we have identified the word - class of verbs especially with situation types . We should note that a ...
... represent the most specific situation types . We may regard these terms as representing fifteen semantic subclasses of verb , since we have identified the word - class of verbs especially with situation types . We should note that a ...
Strona 37
... represented grammatically by the word-class of verbs. Verbs referring to states include: be, seem, have, believe, like, hear, ache. Verbs referring to events (in at least some of their uses) include: breathe, fall, become, arrive, float ...
... represented grammatically by the word-class of verbs. Verbs referring to states include: be, seem, have, believe, like, hear, ache. Verbs referring to events (in at least some of their uses) include: breathe, fall, become, arrive, float ...
Strona 44
... represent non-essential or gratuitous information about the scene, such as when it happened (yesterday, last week), how it happened (by post, intentionally), why it happened (because of your behaviour), and so on. We may refer to this ...
... represent non-essential or gratuitous information about the scene, such as when it happened (yesterday, last week), how it happened (by post, intentionally), why it happened (because of your behaviour), and so on. We may refer to this ...
Spis treści
22 | |
31 | |
44 | |
Adverbs and prepositions | 84 |
Tense aspect and modality | 107 |
Determinatives and modifiers | 132 |
Sentences | 154 |
Embedded clauses | 75 |
Exercises | 95 |
Coordination and conjunction | 113 |
senders choices | 128 |
Envoi | 142 |
Exercises | 144 |
Glossary of Terms | 162 |
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adjective Adjunct adverbial clauses AFFECTED participant associated base form Chapter circumstantial co-ordinating cohesive combination Complement condition conjoiner conjunctive adverbs Consider contains context Contingency countable nouns defart definite article dew-pond discussed elements ellipsis embedded clause English Exercise expressed finite following examples following sentences future genitive identified illustrated included proposition indefinite quantifier infinitive clause inflection ing-clause introduced language LOCATIVE circumstance main clause main proposition main verb mass nouns means modal modal auxiliary verb modifiers non-finite non-finite clause noun phrase Object obligatory occur organisation paragraph participant role past participle past tense periphrastic plural pond position possessive Predicator present participle pro-adverbs progressive pron question reader realised RECIPIENT reference relating relationship relative clause relative pronoun represent result semantic role separate written unit situation type slot speaker specified structure subclass Subject subordinator talk TEMPORAL circumstance text grammar that-clause things typically usually verb forms verb word wh-clause Whitlock's article word-class writing