leifure for the farther proof and illuftration of what I first wrote. I have alfo taken the liberty to change fome words and expreffions in the written Copy, not to alter the fenfe in any place, but because I thought the words and expreffions I have put in the printed Copy, more proper and fignificant of it, than thofe in the written Anfwer were. I wrote down all thofe alterations with a design to print them in this Preface, and I am forry that I am disappointed by the lofs of them; but if my Adverfary thinks I have done him any wrong, or taken any unjust advantage against him by them, he hath free liberty to print them, if he thinks they will expofe me and do him any fervice.

I have alfo added an APPENDIx of Papers, because I thought them all very ufeful and ferviceable to our Religion, and fome of them of fuch a nature, as ought never to be out of Print. The firft is a Paper of Mr. Herbert Thorndike to fhew that the Church of Rome may err in matters of Salvation. They were his last Thoughts of Popery, which he fent to a Lady a little before his death; and I was the more willing to reprint them, because many mifapply'd and wrefted paffages have of late been cited out of his Works in the late Essay towards a propofal for Catholick Communion, which with all its Arts, Contrivances, and Fallacies is one of the best Evidences I know, of a neceffity of Reformation in the Doctrine, Worship, and Government of the Church of Rome. The II Paper is a Letter of Mr. Chillingworth, about the Infallibility of the Church of Rome. I have publish'd it again from a printed Copy, because I think it worthy to be read of all Men, efpecially by Proteftants; who when they happen to be affaulted publickly or privately by Popish Priests, may make this use of it, to defire them

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to answer that Letter, and in the mean tine to forbear. The III Paper is the Creed of Pope Pius IV. In publishing of which I have follow'd the Example of Sir Humphrey Lynde, becaufe I would have all Proteftants to know it, and the prodigious Impofitions of the Church of Rome in matters of Faith by the knowledge of it. The Miffioners conceal it, as much as they can, from the knowledge of those they go about to pervert. I have known fome of their Profelytes, who never heard of it; and the Author of the Efay above cited, hath no other way of accounting for the additions in it, but by faying that the profeffion of Faith in the clofe of it, This true Catholick Faith, out of which NO MAN CAN BE SAVED, which at this time I profefs willingly, and truly hold, I promife, vow, and fwear, I will take care, as much as in me lies, that the fame Shall be moft conftantly kept and confessed (with God's help) whole and inviolable to the laft gafp, and be holden, taught, and preached by thofe who are under me, or Such as by my Office I am to take care of. I the Said N. promife, vow, and fwear (this) as God fhall help me, and thefe Gofpels of God; I fay that Author had no way to bring off their Church from impofing those additions, but by affirming that the Nicene Creed in the beginning of that Creed are the Contents; I fuppofe he would have us underftand the Object of this profeffion, and that a Man may make a profeffion of that Faith out of which none can be faved, if he confents to the Nicene Creed, tho he doth not approve of the other Articles that follow. Dares he teach this at Rome, or in any Popish Country? Will he get the Pope to make this declaration ex Cathedra? Will the Apoflolical Vicars among us admit us upon fuch a declaration, when we are reconciled? When he fhall

obtain the Pope's licence to print this at Rome, or publish it by his Authority among us, it will then be time enough for us to make Proposals for what he calls Catholick Communion, but before it is too foon. In the mean time I pray this Reconciler to confider, what he would think of a Man, who after he had folemnly before witnefs figned and fealed a Covenant containing XXIV Articles, and alfo vowed and fworn faithfully to perform them, fhould afterwards when he was call'd upon to perform them, pretend that he only obliged himself to the performance of the first twelve.

The IV Paper, concerning the differences in the chief points of Religion between the Church of Rome and the Church of England, was never before published. I printed it from the very Copy, which Dr. John Cofins, afterwards Bishop of Durham, gave to the late Countefs of Peterborough; and from the Popish Crted and this Paper, which is an extract out of the Council of Trent, Men may truly and rationally understand what Popery is, of which 1 cannot but with every Man had a juft and right Notion. But the mistakes that Men have made about it, have been of various and ill Confequences. Many who had been taught, that things were Popery which are not, finding themfelves mifled in fome matters, have fufpected they were deceived in all the reft, and fo became more eafy Profelytes to the Church of Rome. Others, who never found their mistakes, have been carried by them to most unchriftian practices, of which Hiftories give a moft tragical Account. And none more tragical and fcandalous to the Proteftant Name, than Prynne's Hiftory of the Charge, Tryal, and Condemnation of Archbishop Laud, entituled, Canterbury's Doom; a Book, which alone would convince any ferious Man of the ne

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ceffity and truth of a Judgment to come. There you thall find the daily ufe of the vii times of Devotion, commonly call'd the vii Hours; bowing at the name of Jefus; the wearing of Copes at divine Service; fetting of the holy Table Altarwife with steps to it, and rails about it, and a covering upon it; the purely ornamental and hiftorical ufe of the Pictures of Chrift upon the Cross and the Refurrection; the Arminian Doctrines about Free Will, Juftification, the Decrees of God, &c. in which the Divines of the Church of Rome differ among themselves; and laftly, the ancient Prayer of Oblation and Confecration of the holy Eucharift, by invocation of the holy Spirit, all arraigned for Popifh Errors and Innovations; and many Bishops and Divines, of whom the World was not worthy, particularly Dr. Cofins, Author of this Paper, branded for Papifts; fome of which lived to be great Ornaments of our Church after the happy Reftauration, as they had been Champions and Confeflors for it before. Other Books will shew you how the Surplice, the Sign of the Cross, the Ring in Marriage have been treated, as Popifh Ceremonies; nay, that the Liturgy, as fuch, hath been reprefented as Popifh, and Epifcopacy it felf branded as a Popifh Ufurpation. All which is owing to Mens ignorance of Popery, and the mistaken notions they have of it. And I cannot but with, that fome learned Man, after Dr. Cofin's Example, would more largely fhew the difference in Doctrine, Worfhip, and Government between the Church of England and the Church of Rome, not only out of the Council of Trent, but out of their Miffal, Ritual, Breviary, Pontifical, and otherOffices. Such a Book would be a rewardable Work of great Charity to the Souls of the People, of great Service to the Church of England, and alfo tend very much

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to the Honour and Benefit of the Clergy; the best part of which, who are more confcientious than to humour the People in their mistakes, have been, and ftill will be fufpected, if not flander'd for Papifts or popifhly affected, by those who do not truly know what Popery is. It would also contribute much to the publick Peace of Church and State, by obviating the Defigns of crafty and cruel Demagogues, who abufe the ignorance and credulity of the vulgar, by calling what things they please Popish, and making Papifts of whomfoever they have a mind to deftroy. Thus they wrought the destruction of the great and learned Prelate above-mentioned, and still in vain endeavour to murther him over again in his honour; and thus they have done, and thus they will do, as opportunity ferves, unto the end of the World.

The V Paper is a Form or prescribed Office of Worship for the daily Devotion of the vii Hours of Prayer, made in all appearance for the use of the Clergy, and more particularly for the use of Religious Houfes, in which, I believe, the Creed, the Lord's Prayer, the Pfalms, and the Hymns were alternately chanted or fung, according to the Pfalmody or plain fort of Church-Mufick in those times. Such Offices were anciently instituted in the Church; for we read of vi fet Hours of daily Prayer in the Conftitutions attributed to the Apofiles, lib. viii. cap. xxxiv. which begins thus: Make Prayers at the dawning of the day, at the third hour, the fixth, and the ninth, and at Evening, and at Cock-crowing, &c. So St. + Hierom fpeaking of the Monaftick Virgins in his Epiftle ad Euftochium, faith he, they fung the Pfalms at

See alfo his 7th and 8th Epift. and Caffian de Corob. Inftit. lib. 3. cap. 4.

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