to circulate here for days without finding the outlet. From various points of the cliffs above this is curiously hidden. The rush of the river into the whirlpool is obvious enough; and though you can imagine the outlet must be visible if one existed, you cannot find it. Turning, however, round the bend of the precipice to the northeast, the outlet comes to view. To be continued). CANADIAN MISSION IN LONDON. April 25, 1919 to offer British manufacturers, for she is a large buyer. Canada, too, feels that she can supply to this country many of the materials and manufactures which formerly were bought by Britain from the Central Powers. The offices of the Mission are at 1, Regent Street, S.W. 1, and its personnel includes, besides Mr. Lloyd Harris, several other prominent Canadian business men who are well acquainted with the present industrial and economic position in Canada. They will at all times be willing to advise persons in the United Kingdom desirous of obtaining information with regard to Canadian Trade. It may be of interest to our readers to have some infor- ORDERS OF THE MINISTRY OF MUNITIONS. Government. The Mission was constituted by an Order of the Oanadian Privy Council in November, 1918, and Mr. Lloyd Harris was appointed Chairman of the Mission. Mr. Harris is a Canadian business man who has a wide knowledge of the New Industrial Canada, which is one of the products of the Great War. He rendered invaluable service to the Dominion and to the Allied cause as head of the Canadian War Mission in Washington, and it was at the personal request of Sir Robert Borden, the Canadian Premier, that he consented to undertake his present duties. : The objects of the Mission are briefly : (a). The serious tonnage position arising out of the war coupled with the numerous restrictions put in force, both in the United Kingdom and in Canada, on import and export trade, tended to sever numerous old connections which had existed for generations between the Mother Country and the Dominion. It is one of the duties of the Mission to study the question at first-hand and to devise the means of re-establishing the traditional trade. (b) A great work of reconstruction and re-organisation must be undertaken in Europe during the next few years in order to repair the devastating effects of the war. Raw materials, &c., will be necessary for this work, and many articles required can be obtained from Canada. The Mission hopes, by means of negotiations with the Governments of the countries concerned, to make arrangements for the supply of such goods to the advantage of all inte rests involved. It is further considering how by a system of credits to assist the Governments in purchasing the materials. (c). The Mission is convinced that the resettlement of Europe is largely dependent on sufficient supplies of food being available and distribution being properly organised. The food can only be obtained in two ways:-(1) By imports from countries having margins for export; (2) By increased production in Europe itself. Canada has large supplies which she is willing to place at the disposal of Europe, and, moreover, by reason of the fact that she has always specialised in the manufacture of agricultural machinery and implements, she is in a position to come to the assistance of the nations of Europe in their endeavours to produce supplies within their own borders. In addition to foodstuffs of every description, Canada has available for export the following goods:-Paper and Paper Manufactures; Lumber; Wood Manufactures, including wood Pulp; Automobiles and other vehicles; Gasoline Launches; Drugs and medicinal chemicals; Leather and Leather Manufactures; Hides; Aluminium; Calcium Carbide; Asbestos; Iron and Steel Manufactures; Copper; Gold Quartz; Silver; Flaxseed; Nickel; Coal; Clothing; Furs; Agricultural Implements. Canada seeks above all things to develop a larger interchange of trade with the Mother Country and, indeed, with all parts of the Empire. Canada has large markets COPPER SULPHATE. WITH reference to the Copper Sulphate Order, 1918, dated February 15, 1918, the Minister of Munitions hereby 1. The operation of the said O.der is hereby suspended on and after April 15, 1919, until further notice. orders as follows: 2. Such suspension shall not affect the previous operation of the said Order or the validity of any action taken thereunder, or the liability to any penalty or punishment in respect of any contravention or failure to comply with the said Order prior to such suspension or any proceeding or remedy in respect of such penalty or punishment. 3. This Order may be cited as the Copper Sulphate (Suspension) Order, 1919. BLAST-FURNAce Dust. dated August 7, 1917, the Minister of Munitions hereby orders as follows: In reference to the Blast-furnace Dust Order, 1917, 1. The operation of the said Order is hereby suspended on and after April 30, 1919, until further notice. 2. Such suspension shall not affect the previous opera tion of the said Order, or the validity of any action taken thereunder, or the liability to any penalty or punishment in respect of any contravention or failure to comply with the said Order prior to such suspension, or any proceeding or remedy in respect of such penalty or punishment. 3. This Order may be cited as the Blast-furnace Dust (Suspension), Order, 1919. GAS WORKS RETORT CAEBON. In reference to the Gas Works Retort Carbon, &c., Control Order, 1918, dated April 19, 1918, the Minister of Munitions hereby orders as follows: 1. The operation of the said Order is hereby suspended on and after the date hereof until further notice. 2. Such suspension shall not affect the previous operation of the said Order or the validity of any action taken thereunder, or the liability to any penalty or punishment in respect of any contravention or failure to comply with the said Order prior to such suspension or any proceeding or remedy in respect of such penalty or punishment. 5. This Order may be cited as the Gas Works Retort Carbon, &c., Control (Suspension) Order, 1919. NITRATE OF Soda. The Minister of Munitions announces that the control of Nitrate of Soda will be suspended as on and from May 15, 1919. Transactions will be governed_by_the present licensing system until May 15, 1919. General licences will, however, be issued on application from now till May 15, 1919, authorising the holders of such licences to deal in Nitrate of Soda, but such licences will not authorise the holders to enter into any transaction which involves the actual movement of Nitrate except within the British Isles before May 15, 1919. All applications for licences should be addressed to the Ministry of Munitions (Department of Explosives Supply), Storey's Gate, S.W. I. CHEMICAL NEWS, Application of Electrolysis in Chemical Industry. The Applications of Electrolysis in Chemical Industry. Cast Iron in the Light of Recent Research. By WILLIAM cast iron. The author's accounts and criticisms of all the and is a valuable addition to the book. I Fenomeni Elettro Atomici sotto l'Azione del Magnetismo. ("Electro-atomic Phenomena under the Action of Mag. netism.") By AUGUSTE RIGHI. Bologna: Nicola Zani. chelli. Pp. xvi+435. Price 17.50 lire. 201 potential necessary to start the discharge are discussed, and a full account is given of the author's theory put forward to account for the observed facts. The study of luminous phenomena, and of the production of ionomagnetic rotations are treated in the following chapters. Many new and interesting facts are described, and an able exposition is given of the author's own theories, though the views of other workers are somewhat inadequately treated. The last chapter is devoted to the phenomena due to the action of a magnetic field upon currents in gases, in electrolytes, and in metals. The book is intended more particularly for readers who have made no special study of physics, and hence the use of mathematics is avoided as far as possible, although for those who wish to follow some of the necessary calculations they are dis cussed in a series of appendices. Catalogue of Lewis's Medical and Scientific Circulating THIS extensive catalogue of books in Lewis's Circulating NOTES. ROYAL INSTITUTION.-Next Tuesday, April 29, at 3 o'clock, Pref. A. Keith will give the first of a Course of tour Lectures on "British Ethnology-The People of Wales and Ireland." On Thursday, May 1, Dr. H. S. Hele-Shaw will give the first of two Lectures on "Clutches." The Friday Evening Discourse, on May 2, at 5.30 p.m., will be delivered by Prof. J. W. Nicholson on "Energy Distribution in Spectra "; on May 9, Sir Present." On Saturday, May 3, at 3 o'clock, Prof. H. S. George Macartney on "Chinese Turkestan-Past and Foxwell will give the first of two Lectures on "Chapters in the Psychology of Industry." WE have received a copy of the "Directory of Paper Makers" for 1919, giving an alphabetical list of all the paper makers in England, Scotland, and Ireland, together with the names of paper makers' representatives, paper agents, &c. Much useful information on various subjects, such as watermarks, trade customs, sizes of papers, and paper trade publications, are given. The price of the catalogue is 2s. 6d. net post free in U.K., 28. 9d. abroad. IN the Journal of the Board of Agriculture for February, 1919, it is pointed out that on account of the extreme wetness of the winter months it will be necessary to apply nitrate or sulphate of ammonia to the crops to make up for the nitrates that have been washed out of the soil. In experiments with the wheat crop at Rothamsted last year it was found that the yield of grain in bushels per acre on undressed soil was 339; that produced where a dressing was given of superphosphates and sulphate of ammonia gave 41'3. THE chief results of Prof. Righi's experimental work on THE difficulty in obtaining tin-plate during the war has the effect of a magnetic field upon the electric discharge are developed an important industry for the production of fully described in this treatise. An introductory chapter, waterproofed cardboard. Containers for foodstuffs and which might perhaps be regarded as somewhat unnecessary, other purposes that have hitherto been made from tinis provided for the general reader, and deals with elemen- plate are now made of cardboard rendered waterproof by tary facts regarding the ether and electric phenomena, the impregnation with paraffin wax and other like.materials, electric discharge in rarefied gases, the ionisation of but the process most used is a varnish made from bakelite, gases, &c. Then the effects of a magnetic field upon the | an ammonia condensation product of carbolic acid with formalin, invented by Dr. L. H. Bakeland. The card vessels are coated with this material and stoved, and are thus found to be excellent substitutes for tin as well as being both lighter and cheaper. This manufacture will probably largely replace the familiar tin can. MR. WILLIAM RUDDERHAM, for many years general manager, and since 1915 a director of Coleman and Co., Ltd., Norwich, has been appointed managing director in place of the late Mr. W. C. Snelling. AT the Extraordinary General Meeting of the Chemical Society on May 8 the following resolutions will be proposed: (1) That women should be admitted to the Society on the same terms as men. (2) That in the election of Officers and Council a postal vote of Fellows resident in the United Kingdom should be taken. (3) That every alteration of the by-laws should require for its adoption a two-thirds majority of those voting. (4) That no alteration of the by-laws should become effective until one month after its adoption has elapsed, within which period it should be competent for not less than thirty Fellows to demand a poll of all Fellows resident in the United Kingdom. (5) That the number of ordinary members of Council should be raised to at least eighteen. (6) That the class of “Associates" should be abolished. (7) That the term "Honorary and Foreign Members" should be replaced by "Honorary Fellows." (8) That the limit placed by the Charter on the yearly value of the Society's premises should be raised. In the event of any or all of the foregoing resolutions being adopted, the following further resolution will be moved :-(9) That the Council be and hereby is empowered to take steps to secure a Supplementary Charter giving the necessary power to alter the by-laws in the sense of the foregoing resolutions. MR. W. S. BARCLAY, of the Federation of British Industries, sailed on Saturday last for South America to act as a Special Commissioner to conduct back to this country the Brazilian Delegates who have been appointed by the Brazilian Government to undertake a tour to this country as the guests of the Federation. Mr. Barclay was attached to the recent Mission to Brazil under Sir Maurice Bunsen, and has therefore had exceptional opportunities of appreciating the problems of Anglo-Brazilian Trade. At the end of the present tour of these Brazilian Delegates the Federation intends to send a permanent Commissioner to Brazil as part of its Overseas Com. missioner Service. It will be remembered that the Federation, last autumn, entertained a number of Greek Delegates under the leadership of the Greek Minister of Agriculture and conducted them over many of the largest manufactories in this country. As an outcome of this tour the Federation has arranged a British Industrial Exhibition at Athens in the near future which should prove most beneficial to British Manufacturers. The Federation intends to continue this policy of bringing delegates from abroad to this country and thus fostering in every way friendly relations between British manufacturers and potential customers from all over the world. THE Swiss Trades Exhibition will be held at Basle from April 24 until May 8. This Exhibition was first held at Basle in April, 1917, when the exhibitors numbered 831. In 1918 they increased to 990, and at the third exhibition this month there will be 1300 firms showing their products. In 1917 business to the amount of 20 to 25 million francs was done; last year that amount was doubled. Between two and three hundred thousand visitors attended the first and second exhibitions, and the number of buyers last year was 18,000. It is claimed that the Swiss Trade Exhibition in Basle is not a copy of any foreign exhibition; it enjoys in its present organisation and development a special Swiss character. It aims not only at an increase of the Swiss home trade, but also at an extending of the Swiss exporis. The goods offered are purely Swiss, and a strict control is stated to exclude all foreign products April 25. 1919 | from participation in the Swiss Trade Exhibition. The general public are admitted two days in the week, according to the principle: "The Exhibition is a means of communication to connect buyers and exhibitors." The goods offered are divided into the following nineteen groups :Articles of food and luxuries; Drugs and Chemicals; House and Kitchen utensils, Household goods, Glass and China; Fittings for apartments, Furniture and Basket goods; Heating, Light, and Sanitary fittings; Technical articles in metal, wood, glass, cork, leatber, india-rubber, &c.; Office and Shop fittings, Office articles, Drawing and Painting utensils; Paper manufactures and Graphic arts; Musical instruments and Music; Articles of sport and toys; Artistic industrial articles; Clocks, Watches, and Jewellery; Textile Goods, Clothing and Outfitting (boots, leather and celluloid articles, fancy goods, drapery); Machinery and Tools; Fine mechanical instruments, Instruments and Apparatus; Electrical industry; Raw materials and Building materials; Agriculture and Horticulture; Sundries. For the Exhibition of 1919 twice as much ground as last year is required. All buyers, after sending in a written notification for the visit, receive a buyer's card with their name, which is available for two days, but can be renewed if necessary. The buyers' cards are only issued for those genuinely interested. The list of the buyers was closed on April 5, 1919. Prospective visitors who hold credentials from a British Authority, or their Chamber of Commerce, can receive all necessary information by addressing M. Henri Marten, First Secretary of Legation and Commercial Adviser, the Swiss Legation, 32, Queen Anne Street, Cavendish Square, London, W. 1. IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE.-Annual Meeting, 1919.— The Annual Meeting of the Institute will be held, by kind permission, in the House of the Institution of Civil Engi neers, Great George Street, Westminster, on Thursday and Friday, May 8 and 9, 1919, commencing on Thursday at 10.30 a.m., and on Friday at 10 a.m. The following is the programme of the proceedings : Thursday, May 8 (at 10.30 a.m.). General Meeting of Members. The Council will present their Report for the year 1918. The Hon. Treasurer will present the Statement of Accounts for 1918. Scrutineers will be appointed for the examination of voting papers for the election of new Members and Associates of the Institute. Award of the Bessemer Medal for 1919 to Prof. Cav. Federico Giolitti, Ph.D. of Turin. Papers Nos. 6, 8, 3, 16, 17, will be read and discussed. The Meeting will be adjourned. Joint Session (bv invitation of the Institution of Electrical Engineers) to discuss papers on Electric Steel Furnaces. The following is a list of the papers likely to be submitted : "Developments in Iron and Steel Electric Furnaces," by J. Bibby; "The Booth Hall Electric Furnace," by W. K. Booth; "The Development of the Electric Melting Furnace," by D. F. Campbell; "The Control of Electric Arc Furnaces," by H. Coates; New Type of Electric Furnace," by Axel Sahlin ; ་་ Large Electric Furnaces," by Victor Stobie. Members who desire to take part in the discussion can obtain copies in advance on application to the Iron and Steel Institute. Friday, May 9 (at 10 a.m.). General Meeting of Members. The award of grants from the Andrew Carnegie Research Fund in aid of research work will be announced. Papers Nos. 11, 10, 1, 2, will be read and discussed. Afternoon Session to read and discuss papers 15, 7, and 12. CHENLOAL NEWS, April 25, 1919 Notes from Foreign Sources. Those papers for which time cannot be found will be taken as read and discussed by correspondence. The following is a list of Papers that are expected to be submitted: 1. J. H. Andrew: "Manufacture and Working of HighSpeed Steel." 2. J. Ö. Arnold and F. Ibbotson: "Molecular Consti- 3. C. H. F. Bagley: "Modern Steel Metallurgy." 5. G. Watson Gray: "Estimation of Phosphorus in the 6. L. Greiner: "Report on the Condition of Belgian Iron and Steel Work after the German occupation." 7. D. Hanson and J. E. Hurst: "Improvements in the Case-Hardening Process." 8. L. C. Harvey: "Use of Powdered Coal." 9. K. Honda: "On the Non-Allotropic Nature of the A2 Transformation in Iron." 10. J. C. W. Humfrey: "Macro Etching and Printing." 11. H. M. Howe: "A Review of Work of United States National Research Council." 12. A. McCance: "Carburisation of Iron at Low 13. A. M. Portevin and M. Garvin: "An Experimental Files." 16. J. H. Whiteley and A. F. Hallimond: "The Acid Hearth and Slag." 17. B. Yaneske: "Deoxidation, and the Influence of Lime on Equilibrium in the Acid Open-Hearth Furnace." NOTES FROM FOREIGN SOURCES Margarines and their Richness in Butter.-M. W. Arnold. When margarines were made only of fats and oils possessing a fairly low Reichert-Meissl index it was comparatively easy to deduce the proportion of butter they contained from the index. Now, however, when coco butter and palm nut oil are so largely used for making margarine it has become a much more difficult task. In order to obtain definite information as to the presence of butter in margarine it is necessary to determine-(a) the index of saponification, (b) the Reichert-Meissl index, (c) the Polenske index (of the original fats and the fats treated with alcohol), and (d) the molecular weight of the water-soluble fatty acids. Margarines can then be classed as follows:-(i.). Those containing neither butter nor palm oil. If both the Reichert-Meissl index and the Polenske index of the original fats do not exceed o'55 neither butter nor palm oil can be present. (ii.) Those containing butter. The absence of palm oil is shown by a low Polenske index, while the presence of butter may be The deduced from the high Reichert-Meissl index. molecular weight of the water-soluble fatty acids lies between 97 and 107 (benzoic acid, which increases the Reichert-Meissl index has a molecular weight of 122). (iii.). Those containing coco-butter. The presence of palm oil is indicated by a Polenske index above o 6 and mole. cular weights of the soluble fatty acids between 130 and 144. To decide whether coco-butter or palm oil is present it is important to take into account the relation existing between the Reichert-Meissl and Polenske indices. If a little of both is present the physical state of the Polenske acids must be taken into account. (iv.). Those probably containing palm oil. In this case the Polenske index is 203 above o 6, the molecular weight of the water-soluble acids is between 130 and 136, and the Polenske acids are, if the percentage of palm oil is pretty high, generally solid or semi-fluid, and not clear. (v.). Those containing butter and coco-butter. The Polenske index is higher than 0'55, and often higher than o'6. The Reichert-Meissl index is relatively higher than in the case of the absence of butter, and the molecular weight of the acids lies between 110 and 130. (vi.). Those containing butter and palm oil. These are characterised by the fact that the Polenske acids are solid, and by the fact that the Polenske index of the fats treated with alcohol is only 29. — Zeitschrift für Untersuchung der Nahrungs und Ġenussmittel, xxvii., 379. New Reagent for Bases and Acids. - Marc Chauvierre.-A decoction of red beetroot is an excellent reagent for bases and acids. It may be prepared by simply boiling pieces of beetroot in water and filtering, when a reddish violet very opalescent liquid is obtained. A drop of potash turns it dark yellow, while mineral acids and even the weakest organic acids turn it back to its original colour. The reagent is very sensitive, a solution of I grm. of boric acid in a litre of water reddening it very decidedly, after it had been decolorised by lime. The reagent cannot be used in the form of paper, as it is not readily fixed on paper. It does not appear to be a true solution but a colloidal bydrosol.- Bull. Soc. Chim.de France, 1919, xxv.-xxvi., 118. Diffusion of Light by Molecules of Air. - J. Cabannes.-In 1914 the author undertook an experimental study of the diffusion of light by molecules of gas, and showed that it was possible to observe light diffused by some cc. of air, freed from dust, in normal conditions of temperature and pressure. These researches, which were confirmed by Strutt, were interrupted by the war. Wood has recently thrown doubt upon these results, and suggests that the observed diffusion might be due to mist produced in the air by ultra-violet radiations. The author now points out the precautions that must be taken in order to do away with disturbing phenomena. It is clear that certain ultra-violet radiations may introduce complications in the study of light diffused by gases, and in order to verify Lord Rayleigh's theory experimentally it is best to exclude radiations of wave-length below 0.3u. By a photographic method, however, it is possible to study the diffusion of radiations of high frequency by molecules of air. It is necessary to illuminate only a small part of the gaseous mass contained in a closed vessel, and that only for very short periods (ten to thirty seconds) separated by fairly long intervals (ten to thirty minutes).-Comptes Rendus, 1919, clxviii., 340. Influence of Light upon the Absorption of the Organic Matter of the Soil by Plants. - Dolorès Celian de Besteiro and M. Michel-Durand. In 1911 Cailletet pointed out that certain_plants live normally in light which appears to be too faint to enable them to assimilate carbon dioxide sufficiently from the air, and he suggested that these plants, being unable to obtain all the carbon they require from the air, might derive a considerable amount from the soil in the form of organic matter. The authors have taken up the question, experimenting for the purpose with a plant which is a heliophite, viz., Pisum sativum. They grew the plants in a culture consisting of Knop's liquid, containing 4 parts per thousand of glucose, and exposed them to varying intensities of illumiFrom determinations of the increase of dry nation. weight of the plants, the glucose absorbed by each plant, the glucose absorbed per grm. of dry weight of the root, and that absorbed per grm, of dry weight of the entire plant the following conclusions could be drawn :-(1.). The plants increased more in weight the more intense the illumination to which they were exposed. (ii.). The roots also were better developed in stronger illuminations. (iii.). The plants which grew in a more intense light absorbed more glucose, (iv.). The same weight of root absorbed decidedly more glucose in faint than in strong lights. (v.) The same weight of whole plant absorbed practically the same amount of glucose in illuminations of different intensities. This last conclusion shows that the plant is incapable of augmenting the absorbing power of its roots so that they can extract more organic carbon from the soil. Thus there is neither parallelism nor compensation between the absorption of carbon by the green leaves in the carbon dioxide of the air and the absorption of organic carbon from the soil by the roots.-Comptes Rendus, 1919, clxviii., 467. Discovery of a New Glucoside "Loroglossine."Em. Bourquelot and M. Bridel.-The authors have applied the biochemical method of investigation to various indige. nous kinds of orchids, .g., loroglossum, orchis, ophrys, &c. In one of these (L. hircinum) they have discovered a new glucoside, to which they have given the name "Loroglossine." The aqueous extract of the plant was exposed successively to the action of invertine (reagent for cane sugar) and emulsine (reagent for glucosides). They found that the plant, like all phanerogams, contains cane sugar. It also contains a glucoside hydrolysable by emulsine and a fairly large proportion of a dextrogyratory principle, which is not attacked by ferments, for after the action of the inver CH HEMIST.-Wanted for Factory Testing lars, to Manager, The Imperial Tobacco Co., Ltd., Dingley Road, City work, qualified Analytical Chemist.-Apply, giving full particuRoad, E C. 1. Situation in Discharged Soldier desires Analysis of Rare Metals.-Address, D. S., CHEMICAL NEWS Office, Chemical Laboratory. Specially qualified in Metallurgical 16, Newcastle Street, Farringdon Street, London, E.C. 4. nterprising Assistant Chemist (21) desires a Position in a Laboratory or Works. Formerly Assistant Chemist, Directorate of Chemical Inspection, and capable of undertaking any Inorganic Analyses. Would commence at moderate salary. -Address, Mr. W. G. Richards, 7, Sivell Place, Heavitree, Exeter. tine the liquid is still dextrorotatory, while the glucoside Junior Chemist (20), Inter. B.Sc. (Lond.), pre not yet hydrolysed is lævorotatory. Loroglossine crystallises in long colourless needles; it is odourless and very bitter; very soluble in water and alcohol, very slightly soluble in acetic ether and acetone. It is lævorotatory, does not reduce cupric liquid, and is hydrolysed by warm dilute sulphuric acid, as well as by emulsine.Comptes Rendus, 1919, clxviii., 701. experience, seeks Situation in London Laboratory or Works. Address, L. L., CHEMICAL NEWs Office, 16, Newcastle Street, Farringdon Street, London, E.C. 4. State Laboratory Attendant, having a fair knowledge Chemists are required for a Researches on Chemical Luminescence.-J. Lif Two AnalyticLaboratory, Commencing salary £200 per schitz. The study of the emission of light in chemical reactions, like that of the absorption and chemical effects of light, may lead to important results concerning the connection between radiant and chemical energy and the nature of chemical forces. The phenomenon of chemical luminescence has been observed in many reactions, and not by any means in oxidation processes annum. It is desired that applican s should have had at least two SHEFFIELD ASSAY OFFICE. Applications are invited for the Post of DEPUTY ASSAY MASTER, which will shortly become vacant. Candidates should have had experience in Assaying Gold and Silver Bullion, and should apply by letter only, stating their age, qualifications, and salary required. The salary will be fixed according to the qualifications and experience of the Candidate appointed. B. W. WATSON, Assay Master Assay Office, Sheffield. MICA Telephone only. For example, a beautiful luminescence appears when hydrobenzamide is distilled in a current of hydrogen, lophin being the product, while various decompositions of unknown nature occur simultaneously. Thus the reaction is essentially an intramolecular transposition. Other reactions show that the appearance of chemical lumi nescence is not dependent either upon the total amount of energy transformed or upon the velocity of the reaction. For instance, nitrogen dioxide acts at least as energeti cally upon phenyl magnesium bromide as air, but it is only with the latter that chemical luminescence is observed, F. WIGGINS & SONS, 102/3/4 Minories, London, E. and then only in absence of moisture. It has been shown that when ethereal Grignard's solutions react with oxygen chemical luminescence appears in the case of aromatic organo-metallic compounds, but not with aliphatic compounds, this difference being due to the different stability of their etherates. The same phenomenon is observed with the addition products of organo-magnesium compounds with dimethyl aniline. The total liberation of heat in the formation of etherates aeems to be less with the aromatic Grignard compounds than with the aliphatic compounds.-Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1918, i., 472. MICA MERCHANTS, Manufacturers of dica Goods or Electrical and ALL purposes. BOOKS BOUGHT Chemical and other Scientific, Natural History, Agricultural, Gardening, &c. JOHN WHELDON & CO., 38, Great Queen Street, London, W.C. 2. Telephone-Gerrard 1412. |