Listening in Language LearningLongman, 1990 - 278 Examines listening as both a means of achieving understanding and as a teachable skill. The underlying theme of the volume is that an integration of cognitive, social, and educational perspectives is necessary in order to characterise effectively what listening ability is and how it may develop. It introduces listening from a cognitive perspective, and presents a detailed investigation of listening in social and educational contexts. The study concludes with an analysis of how listening development can be incorporated effectively into curriculum design. |
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ability able acceptable activity allow answer approach appropriate aspects beginning Chapter Child classroom cognitive communication completion comprehension considered construct context continue conversation cues cultural decoding direct discourse discussion effects English event example expected Figure given hear heard hearer idea identify important indicates inferences input instruction instructor intent interaction interpretation involves John knowledge language learners learning lecture lexical linguistic listener look meaning notes outcomes participants pause perception performance person phonemes points possible prediction presented principles problems procedures production propositions questions reading reference relevant representation response role sample seconds segments selection sense sequence settings signal situations skills social sound speaker specific speech spoken strategies structure suggests talk task teaching topic turn understanding units University utterance verbal written