TABLE

SHEWING THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE SOLAR AND JEWISH YEAR DURING EACH YEAR OF THE CYCLE, ACCORDING TO RAB ADA.

14

THE FESTIVALS AND FASTS.

Their origin, and reference to the authorities from whence derived.

Deut. v. 12

Covenant not to sell or buy on the Sabbath......... Neh. X. 31
The gates of Jerusalem shut during Sabbath, to put a
stop to traffic thereon....

Blessed is the man that keepeth the Sabbath....
The Sabbath a delight

Bear no burdens on the Sabbath day

XIII. 15 .Isa. LVI. 2

LVIII. 13 ..Jer. xvII. 21

NEW MOON, kept now as a minor festival, but by the following passages of Scripture, appears to have been kept more sacredly in former times.

Extra offerings thereon

....

...Num. xxviii. 11

....] Sam. xx. 5

.2 Kings IV. 23

The New Moons and Sabbaths I cannot away with........Isaiah 1. 13
I will also causé all her mirth to cease, her feast days, her
New Moons, and her Sabbaths, &c....

...Hosea II. 11

When will the New Moon be gone, that we may sell corn. Amos VIII. 5
Our Rabbis say, it is a festival particularly given to wo-
men, for their unwillingness to give their jewels to make
the molten calf.

TISRI 1. New Year, Rosh Ashana; the Feast of Trumpets.
By tradition the World was created thereon.

Ordered to be observed as a holy convocation, and that

no work should be done thereon....

The offerings made on it

2. Kept as solemnly as the preceding.

3. Fast of Guedaliah.

.......

........

.Lev. XXIII. 24
Num. XXIX. 1

THE FESTIVALS AND FASTS.

The Infidel or Voluptuary may ridicule the idea of the Almighty Creator of the Universe being pleased or displeased with a man for having a full or empty stomach, but whatever tends directly or indirectly, to subdue rebellious passions, and subject a creature like man, to the restraints of reason and religion cannot fail of being a matter of the highest importance to our well-doing here, and our everlasting destiny hereafter. TISRI. 15. Tabernacle, a feast of rejoicing for the gathering in of the harvest. The Tabernacle is in commemoration of the children of Israel dwelling in booths on their coming out of Egypt.

First ordered....

Again commanded, and ceremonies thereon.

The offerings to be made during the week
Ordered again

Observed in the time of Solomon..
Kept in Nehemiah's time

...

15

.Ex.xxIII. 16 .Lev. XXIII. 33 Num. XXIX. 12 .. Deut. xvi. 13

.2 Chr. vii. 8 ...Neh. viii. 14

21. Hosana Raba, i.e. the Great, the last day of the festival.
22. Feast of the Eighth day..

Its ordinance, offerings, and observance, will be found
immediately following those of the Feast of Taber-
nacle as above.

23....Second day, called also the Rejoicing of the Law,
as the final section of Deuteronomy, and the first of
Genesis, are read by two persons elected to the offices
under the titles of Bridegrooms of the Law.

KISLEV. 25. Hanuca, the Feast of Dedication, so called and kept as a minor festival, in commemoration of the Dedication of the Altar, after the cleansing of the

Observed in commemoration of the one kept by her...Esther iv. 16 When it happens on Sabbath the Fast is kept on Thursday. 14. Purim.

The book of Esther gives every particular respecting it.

The Sabbath previous to Purim is Sabbath Zachor (Re

member) so called from the first word of the passage in Deut.xxv. 17
read to remind the people of the inveterate enmity of
Amalek, of whom Haman was a descendant.

G

The Third Sabbath is Sabbath Parah (Heifer). Burnt at this season according to the ordinance... The Last Sabbath is Sabbath Ahodes (Month). On which the ordinance that the month of Nisan should be the first month of the year, is read.... From which the Ecclesiastical year is counted, and all the festivals ordained in conformity; thus New Year is ordained to be observed in the seventh month, &c. VEADAR. In Embolismic years, all the observances of Adar are kept in this month, in the same order. Sabbath Shekalim is then the last Sabbath of Adar, but should the New Moon of Adar, (or Veadar, in Embolismic years) happen on Sabbath that day is then Sabbath Shekalim.

.Num.XIX.

.Ex. XII.

NISAN. If the New Moon is on Sabbath, it is Sabbath Ahodes, instead of the last of the preceding month.

14. The Fast of the First Born.

When it happens on Sabbath it is kept on Thursday.
It is observed in commemoration of the First Born of the
Children of Israel being saved, when the First Born
of the Egyptians were destroyed..

15. Passover; the Feast of Unleavened Bread.

In commemoration of the deliverance from Egypt.
First instituted and its various ceremonies....
Again commanded

This and the two other festivals enjoined
The ordinance again repeated

....

The first kept after the departure from Egypt
The offerings, and again ordered..

Again particularly enjoined...

Kept at Kilgal......

....

Celebrated the 18th year of Josiah's reign.

The grandeur with which it was kept....

Kept after the building of the Second Temple..
Enjoined by

.....

16. The Second Day of Passover.

2

..Lev. xxIII. 4

Num. ix. 2 •,, XXVIII. 11 Deut. xvI. .Joshua v. 10 .2 K. xxIII. 23 2 Ch. xxxv. Ezra VI. 22 .Eze. XLV. 21

On which commences the counting of the Homer daily

for seven weeks...

YIAR. 14. The Second Passover.

..Lev. XXIII. 15

Ordained for those who could not keep it in Nisan....Num. IX. 9
Observed in the reign of Hezekiah

.2 Ch. xxx. 1

18. The 33rd of the Homer, or Lagla-Homer, from the
letters being 33, all our letters being numerals.

Kept as a minor festival in commemoration of the plague
ceasing, which had destroyed a number of the dis-
ciples of R. Akiba.

SIVAN. 6. Sebuot, the Feast of Weeks.

ソー

A Festival ordained for the beginning of the harvest ..Ex.xxIII. 16
Also called the Feast of the First Fruits ...........Lev. xxIII. 15
Named the Feast of Weeks from being observed the
day after the seven weeks commenced counting the
Second day of Passover

.....

The additional offerings thereon

.... Deut. XVI. 9 ....Num. xxvIII. 16

It is also called the Feast of the Gift of the Law, the
Decalogue having been given thereon

TAMUZ. 17. The Fast of Tamuz;

When it happens on Sabbath it is kept the following

day; as is also the Fast of Ab.

Observed for five misfortunes happening thereon.-
1st. Moses broke the first Tables.....

2nd. The walls of Jerusalem destroyed by Nebuchad

.Ex. xix. 1

The destruction of the Temple by Nebuchadnezzar .....Jer. LII. 12
The burning of the second by Titus.

at Shiloh, and reconciliation with Benjamin .....Judges xxxı. 19 For finishing the interment of the slain at Bither.

ELUL. The propitiary prayers are commenced in the evening

service after the New Moon.

NOTE. The verses indicated are the commencement of the subject.

THE HOURS AT WHICH PRAYERS ARE SAID IN THE SYNAGOGUES OF LONDON.

Portuguese

MORNING.

8

At 7 from the day after Passover to the 1st day of Tabernacle 1st day of Tabernacle to the last of Passover, except the day before Passover, when service begins at 7 if a week day, and at -past 6 if on Sabbath.

AFTERNOON. At 2 the day before Kipur the Day of Atonement.

on Sabbath from Sab Noah to 1st day of Passover. 3 on Sabbath and Holidays from 1st day of Passover to Sabbath Beresheet included.

5 during the Homer, and

The day before the Fast of Ab.

6 on the Fast of Ab.

The remainder of the year at the same hour as the preceding Sabbath commences, except on Fast

days, when service begins half an hour earlier. EVENING... Said immediately after the afternoon service, except on Sabbaths, Holidays, and during the Homer, when it is not

said until after dark.