ceed their unfortunate sister, placed themselves, one | The slave trade is carried on up and down the Niger. after the other, on the summit of the mountain from During the time Mr. Laird was up the river, about one which Psyche had been carried away by unknown thousand of the inhabitants of Nunda made an incur powers, hoping that Zephyr would convey them to the sion on the bank of the Niger, and sacked the country wished for residence; but being hurled into the abyss far and wide. The object was slaves and booty. They by sudden blasts of wind, they atoned with their deaths make pipes so long that they can smoke when riding. for the envy and treachery which they had displayed with the bowl of the pipe resting on the foot. They against their inuocent sister. are ignorant of distilling, and have not yet acquired a taste for rum;-At one spot on the Niger, the priests sacrificed a human victim, and threw the body in pieces into the river to prevent the English from going up: the ignorant natives thought this would put a stop to their progress, and were much disappointed when they found the incantation of the priests of no avail.

THE JEWS IN JERUSALEM.

Poor Psyche overran the whole earth in search of her lost husband; but finding all her endeavours vain, she at last took the resolution of applying to Venus, and of imploring mercy from her. Venus, who was incensed at the fair supplicant, on account of her intercourse with Cupid, as well as because of her celestial beauty, received her with reproaches, and imposed on her the severest trials, enjoining tasks, the performance of which appeared impossible. Psyche, however, assisted by beneficent beings, whom Cupid, who Many of the Jews are in rich and comfortable cir still loved her, sent to her aid, surmounted all difficul- cumstances, and possess considerable property in Jeru ties; yet was she obliged for a long time to suffer the salem; but they are careful to conceal their wealth, consequences of her imprudence, until she was again and even their comfort, from the jealous eye of their thought worthy of her forfeited happiness. At last she rulers, lest they awaken their cupidity. In going to was ordered by Venus to descend into Orcus itself, visit a respectable Jew in the holy city, it is a common and to fetch from Proserpina a box containing the thing to pass to his house over a raised foreground, and highest charms of beauty. Psyche obeyed the com- up an awkward outer stair, constructed with rough, mand of the cruel goddess. She set out on the dread-unpolished stones, that totter under the foot; but it ful journey, despairing herself of success; but the improves as you ascend, and at the top has a respecta voice of him who was invisibly her protector and ble appearance, as it ends in an agreeable platform in guide, taught her every precaution that was necessary front of the house. On entering the house itself, it is to be taken, and warned her of every danger to be found to be clean and well furnished; the sofas are covered with Persian carpets, and the residents seem happy to receive you; the visitor is entertained with coffee and tobacco, as is the custom in the houses of Turks and Christians. The ladies present themselves with ease and address, recalling to memory the pleasing society of Europe. The difference of manner arises from many of the Jewesses having resided in Spain or Portugal, where they have rid themselves of the cruel fetters of the east, and, on returning to their beloved land, very properly maintain their justly acquired freedom and rank in society. Some of the Jews, however, are in a wretched state of poverty, and the sight of such in Jerusalem is peculiarly affecting. The heart of this wonderful people, in whatever clime they roam, still turns to it as the city of their promised rest; they mourn over the ruins and would lick the very dust for her sake. Jerusalem is the centre around which the exiled sons of Judah build, in airy dreams, the mansions of their future greatness. In whatever part of the world he may live, the heart's desire of a Jew, when gathered to his fathers, is to be buried in Jerusalem. Thither they turn from Spain and Portu

avoided.

Being provided with some cake to tame the fury of Cerberus, and a sum of money to gain the good will of Charon, she ventured down to the gloomy regions, and arrived safely at the palace of Proserpina. The desired box was delivered to her, but with a strict injunction not to open it. Psyche, who had surmounted so many difficulties, and sustained with heroic fortitude so many trials, suffered herself to be overpowered by this last. Scarcely had she left the dominions of Pluto, when curiosity and vanity induced her to open the box. That moment was she involved in a black and noxious vapour, which threw her into a sleep, from which she would never have again risen, had not Cupid, her invisible protector, hastened to her assistance. He restored her to life, collected the vapour again into the box, and conducted his beloved Psyche safely to the throne of Jove, there proclaiming her as his lawful wife, and supplicating for her admission among the number of the immortals. Jupiter complied with his request; Venus became reconciled to her beauteous daughter-in-law; and the whole choir of the celestials celebrated the second, the heavenly marriage of Cu-gal, from Egypt and Barbary, and other countries pid and Psyche.-Moritz's Mythology.

EXPEDITION TO THE NIGER.

among which they have been scattered; and when, after all their longings and all their struggles up the steps of life, we see them poor, and blind, and naked, in the streets of their once happy Zion, he must have a cold heart indeed that can remain untouched by their sufferings, or without uttering a prayer that the light of God's reconciled countenance would shine on the darkness of Judah, and the day-star of Bethlehem

arise in their hearts.-Keleth.

GENIUS.

Fresh advices have been received from the indefatigable Lander. He had returned to the coast the second time, for the purpose of procuring goods for the markets on the river. He had ascended the Niger into the interior of Africa, and had been up the Tshadda, a branch of the Niger, 150 miles. Mr. Laird who accompanied the expedition, has arrived in London. He relates that they found a city called Nunda, on the Genius receives assistance from all the intellectual Tshadda, which contains 60 or 70,000 inhabitants. powers: but it is, however, to be carefully distinguishThe walis are 20 feet high-The King is a brutal saved from them. We often meet with works of real age. He has in his Seraglio 1,500 women. He detained the English, and would not let them return, pretending to be influenced by the Gods. He said the Gods had been frequently consulted, but they would not give a favourable answer. Laird took advantage of the king's superstition; told him he would send a messenger to the gods, and if it burned blue, it would be an indication of a favourable reply.

genius, abounding with errors; the defect then is not in genius, but in the assisting powers. Taste has been called passive genius. It is necessary to direct the wild sallies of imagination, and to regulate the course of the inventive mind. Taste is more generally bestowed on mankind than genius, and is dependent on cultivation and rules. Genius though always incorrect without study and investigation, still overLaird sent up a blue taper, which made such an im- comes every difficulty, and penetrates through the pression on the king that he gave the party freedom.-thickest and most hidden recesses. It stoops not to the

There is certainly a visible change in the deportment of people generally, caused by the Temperance Society, and those who support this society deserve every man's sincere praise for their exertions.-N. Y. 'bserver.

smaller niceties of taste, but, heedless of them, pours | a constitution, excluding every thing stronger than along its irresistible course. An excellent taste may wine. My own name is down, although I drank noexist with little invention; but invention is the distin- thing. I put it down for example. The sutler is not guishing mark of genius. Taste is improved by even allowed to sell wine." comparison of the different grades of sublimity and beauty. Genius disdaining any imitation, strikes out a path for itself, wild and hazardous, where foot has never trodden. The greatest incorrectness is frequently connected with genius; numerous errors spring up in the most fruitful mind. The rich soil which gave birth to the oak, who waves his head in the tempest also produces weeds and sickly flowers. The slightest impulse is at times sufficient to rouse the full strength of genius; a spark communicated excites the most terrible explosion. The greatest river proceeds from the smallest fountain, and rolls his billows with the voice of the ocean.

PERIODICAL AUTHORSHIP.

There is no labour more destructive to health than that of periodical literature, and in no species of mental application, or even of manual employment, is the wear and tear of body so early and so severely felt. The readers of those light articles which appear to cost so little labour in the various publications of the day, are little aware how many constitutions are broken down in the service of their literary taste.

Dr. Johnson.

ORIGIN OF THE WORD DOLLAR. The derivation suggested for this word in Todd's edition of Johnson, is confirmed by the particular explanations of later lexicographers. In 1516, a silver mine was discovered at Joachim's thal, (St. Joachim's Dame,) in Bohemia; and the proprietors in the following year issued a great number of silver pieces, of about the value of the Spanish pesoduro, which bore the name of Joachim's thaler, subsequently abbreviated into thales. Thus the dollar, like the guinea, commemorates the locality of the metal from which it was originally coined.-Conversations Lexicon.

THE SIMOOM.

The best authenticated account of this wind is to be found in the writings of Bruce and Burckhardt. Bruce's account is as follows. "At 11 o'clock, while we were contemplating the rugged cops of Chigre, where we expected to solace ourselves ith plenty of good water, Idris called out with a loud ice, 'Fall on your faces, for here is the Simoom.' 1 w from the south-east a haze come, in colour like the "rple part of the rainbow, but not so compressed, or . k. It did not occupy 20 yards in breadth, and was ab 12 feet high from the ground. It was a kind of blush ( upon the air, and it moved very rapidly, for I scarcely could turn to fall upon the ground, with my head to the northward, when I felt the heat of the current plainly upon my face. We all lay flat the ground, opon till Idris told us it had passed over. The meteor, or purple haze which I saw, indeed passed; but a light air which still blew was of heat sufficient to threaten suffocation. For my part, I found distinctly on my breast, that I had imbibed a part of it, nor was I freed of an asthmatic sensation till I had been some months in Italy."

ITEMS OF INTELLIGENCE.

The great friend of universal freedom, Lafayette, departed this life at Paris, on the 20th of May, in the 81st year of his age. The maritime city of Chien Chow in China, has nearly been swept away by a sudden burst of water through a ravine. Upof the inhabitants, who were drowned. wards of 18,000 houses were destroyed, together with a number

It was recently stated publicly, that there are in London more than half a million of people not in the habit of visiting any place of public worship. In Paris it is still worse-not more than 60,000, out of a population of 7 or 800,000, pretend to have any regard for the Sabbath, or the Christian religion. Imprisonment is now generally substituted for whipping in the English army.

shire by 28,542 votes, out of 30,173.
Hon. Wm. Badger has been elected Governor of New-Hamp-

The number of children in the various public schools of the city of New York, is 11,265. The number of teachers is 49, assistant teachers 28, monitors 75, the aggregate of whose salaries for a year amounts to $35,650.

POETRY.

From the North American Magazine.
HOPE.

Like the foam on the billow

As it heaves o'er the deep,
Like a tear on the pillow
When we sigh in our sleep,
Like the syren that sings,
We cannot tell where,
Is the hope that bath wings,
The phantom of air!

Like the star-light of gladness
When it gleams in death's eye,
Or the meteor of madness
In the spirits' dark sky;
Like the zephyrs that perish
With the breath of their birth,
Are the hopes that we cherish-
Poor bondmen of earth!

The pleasures and pains

That pass o'er us below,
Fade like colours and stains
On the cold winter's snow;
All the loves of the bosom

That burns with delight,
Are mildewed in blossom,
And withered with blight.

The sunbeam of feeling
Lights the ruins of love,
And sorrow is stealing
O'er the vision above;
Like a spirit unblest,

Hope wanders alone,
W.h a heart ne'er at rest
In the future or gone.
She drinks from times cup
The bright nectar of heaven,
And her spirit mounts up
'Mid the glories of even,
But the world drugs with death
The chalice of bliss,
As the nightingale's breath
Wafts the rattlesnake's hiss.

From the bowers of repose

Like a spectre she starts,

And she breathes the spring's rose
O'er the depths of all hearts;
But fancy and feeling

Must vanish in sorrow,
Struck hearts have no healing-

Hope sighs o'er to-morrow.

SECTION XIII

Egypt. On receiving intelligence that Joseph was anticipated all the recent explorers in every essential still alive, and governor of that land, the old patriarch observation. fainted with joy. He finally journeyed thither, where he once more beheld his Joseph, whom he had long supposed dead. He continued in Egypt till his death, which happened seventeen years after, in his hundred and forty-eighth year. His sons carried his corpse to the land of Canaan, and buried it with those of Abra-mon to see more than two or three full grown males, ham and Isaac; after which, they again returned to Egypt, and became permanent inhabitants dwelling, however, by themselves in the land of Goshem, where they dwelt before the death of their father. At the age of 110 years died Joseph, enjoining upon his brethern to carry his bones with them, when they should return to the land of Canaan.

After these things there arose a new king in Egypt, who knew not Joseph. Fearing that the Israelites were becoming too numerous for the safety of his kingdom, he commenced against them a system of intolerable persecution. Their cries of distress went up to heaven, and God, in answer to those cries, sent his servant Moses with a message to their oppressor, bidding him to let them go free. But he refused, and added yet more to their burden. As a punishment for his obstinacy, God sent upon Egypt, by the hand of Moses and Aaron his brother, divers judgments; which finally compelled its monarch to assent to their departure.

Having brought down the history of the Israelites to this point, we will pause here in relation to them, and bring forward that of the remaining nations to the same epoch.

NATURAL HISTORY.

THE MUSK OX.

To civilized man, the extreme northern regions may appear cheerless and uninviting, because they are subjected to the almost unrelenting influence of wintry skies. Yet we have already seen that they are the favorite resorts of multitudes of animals, varying in size, characters, and habits.

A species remains to be described which, of these forbidding regions, prefers the most barren and desolate parts, and is found in the greatest abundance in the rugged and scarcely accessible districts lying nearest the North Pole. This species, so far from being condemned to a life of extreme privation and suffering, appears to derive as much enjoyment from existence, as those which feed in luxuriant pastures, or bask in the genial rays of a summer sun.

In destining the musk ox to inhabit the domains of frost and storm, nature has paid especial attention to its security against the effects of both; first, by covering its body with a coat of long, dense hair, and then, by the shortness of its limbs, avoiding the exposure that would result from a greater elevation of the trunk. The projection of the orbits of the eyes, which is very remarkable in this species, is thought by Parry to be intended to carry the eye clear of the large quantity of hair required to preserve the warmth of the head.

Although some few items relative to this animal are to be gathered from the works of the recent explorers of the northern regions, it is to Hearne that we are almost exclusively indebted for the natural history of the musk ox, as we have already been for that of most of the animals inhabiting the same parts of the continent. This excellent and accurate observer travelled, in the years 1769, 70, 71, and '72, and it is only to be regretted that he did not write down all he knew in relation to the northern animals. He appears to have frequently thought that what was so familiarly known to him, would not be of much use to others, and has thus withheld knowledge that few individuals can have a similar opportunity of gaining. Notwithstanding this, he has

Hearne states, that he has seen many herds of musk oxen in the high northern latitudes, during a single day's journey, and some of these herds contained from eighty to a hundred individuals, of which number a very small portion were bulls, and it was quite uncomeven with the largest herds. The Indians had a notion that the males destroyed each other in combatting for the females, and this idea is supported by the warlike disposition manifested by these animals during their The bulls are then so jealous of every sexual seasons. thing that approaches their favorites, that they will not only attack men or quadrupeds, but will run bellowing after ravens or other large birds that venture too near the cows.

Musk oxen are found in the greatest numbers within the arctic circle; considerable herds are occasionally seen near the coast of Hudson's Bay, throughout the distance from Knapp's Bay to Wager Water. They have in a few instances been seen as low down as lat. 60° N. Capt. Parry's people killed some individuals on Melville Island, which were remarkably well fed and fat. They were not commonly found at a great distance from the woods, and when they feed on open grounds, they prefer the most rocky and precipitous situations. Yet, notwithstanding their bulk and apparent unwieldiness, they climb among the rocks with all the ease and agility of the goat, to which they are quite Their favorite food is grass, equal in sureness of foot. but when this is not to be had, they readily feed upon moss, the twigs of willow, or tender shoots of pine.

The appearance of the musk ox is singular and im posing, owing to the shortness of the limbs, its broad flattened crooked horns, and the long dense hair which envelops the whole of its trunk, and hangs down nearly to the ground. When full grown, the musk ox is ten hands and a half high, according to Parry, and as large as the generality, or at least the middling size of English black cattle; but their legs, though large, are not so long; nor is their tail longer than that of a bear, and like the tail of that animal it always bends downwards and inwards, so that it is entirely hid by the long hair of the rump and hind quarters. The hunch on their shoulders is not large, being little more in proportion than that of a deer. Their hair is in some parts very long, particularly on the belly, sides, and hind quarters; but the longest hair about them, particularly the bulls, is under the throat, extending from the chin to the lower part of the chest, between the forelegs; it there hangs down like a horse's mane inverted, and is full as long.

The winter coat of the musk ox is formed of two sorts of hair, which is generally of brownish_red, and in some places of a blackish brown colour; the external being long, coarse, and straight, and the internal fine, soft, and woolly. The outer hair is so long that it hides the greater part of the limbs, causing them to look disproportionately short. As the summer comes on, the short woolly hair is gradually shed, but the summers are so hot in these high latitudes, that the woolly coat commences growing almost immediately after the old coat is shed, so that the entire winter coat is completed by the return of the cold weather.

From the shortness of the limbs and the weight of the body, it might be inferred that the musk ox could not run with any speed; but it is stated by Parry, that although they run in a hobbling sort of canter, that makes them appear as if every now and then about to fall, yet the slowest of these musk oxen can far outstrip a man. When disturbed and hunted, they frequently tore up the ground with their horns, and turned round to look at their pursuers, and never attempted to make an attack.

The month of August is the season in which the musk bulls are most disposed to combat, as they then