IMPROVED BALE BREAKER, OR COTTON MIXING MACHINE.

MADE BY TAYLOR, LANG & CO., STALYBRIDGE, ENG.

WE again take pleasure in calling our readers' attention to the cotton mixer, better known, perhaps, to the trade as a bale breaker. This is a machine to open cotton from the bale so as to leave it in a condition suitable for ageing, or for immediate feeding to the opener as commonly used. With the present arrangement in American mills, the cotton is opened either by yard hands or what help can be robbed from the card room, in about the same manner that it was done when our present agents and superintendents were boys, with the special difference that at the present time our cotton is received in a very much more compressed form, which is another strong reason why it should require more opening and ageing before it is run through the ordinary preparation. The nearer the cotton can be brought to a similar condition to that of nature as it leaves it in the seed the better are the results obtained in the subsequent process of manufacture. It is needless in this short article to dwell upon the shortcomings of the general system of opening and mixing cotton, which is familiar to so many of us. With the inexpensive machine illustrated by the above cut, this class of labor, and the danger from fire incidental to the exposure of an unnecessarily large amount of cotton at a time, is done away with; more perfectly opened mixings cannot be asked for, because every pound of cotton drawn through this machine is in the same condition, and when it reaches the opener no lumps are found to clog the evener, and the result is bound to be more even and better work.

In operating this breaker or mixer the bales are opened one at a time, either in the cotton house or basement of picker room, or, in fact, wherever convenient. It is fed on to the apron of machine in slabs of three or four inches thick and the size of the bale. After passing through the two sets of rolls, which resemble in effect a drawing frame, as much as any other machine, it is received by a pegged roller running at a fair speed, which further opens it and delivers it on an apron, with which connections can be made, to carry the cotton to any part of the mill, or automatic switches can be attached to drop it at any desired point in the mixing room. The production of this machine, we are informed, is a bale in about eight minutes; we are told by a few mills in the States that have these machines that the saving, to say nothing of the improved condition of the cotton, is so great that the cost of the machine after six months use is more than offset. In the ordinary cotton mill these machines should meet with great success, as there is nothing that should receive more care than that of starting right. We refer our readers with pleasure for any details of this machine to Arthur A. Brigham, agent, 186 Devonshire street, Boston, Mass.

THE stockholders of the new cotton factory at Laurens, S. C., elected the following corporators to obtain a charter from the State: Capt. G. W. Shea, Capt. Albert Dial, Col. J. H. Traynham, J. O. C. Fleming, Geo. B. Anderson, W. L. Boyd, J. D. Watts, W. A. Watts, Dr. John A. Barksdale and J. H. Sullivan. A declaration will be filed at once with the Secretary of State for a charter.

HOUSE AND TRAVELING SALESMEN.

In a recent issue of the American Grocer, we find the following discussion of house and traveling salesmen": The art of seiling goods must be the same the world over, one would suppose, but we often hear of differences between those salesmen who travel and those who receive customers at home, which show the effect of a different set of circumstances. It does, indeed, make a great difference in many lines of business whether the customer seeks you or you the customer. The one who stays at home and awaits the coming of the other has a certain advantage at the start. This advantage is, indeed, more than offset by other disadvantages in the case of retailers who do not travel. The retailer, pressed by business, is sometimes inclined to be gruff with the salesman who offers his samples, but it is a policy distinctly discourteous and bad in its ultimate results upon the storekeeper, who does, indeed, get valuable information from "drummers." The traveling salesman quickly acquires the knack of approaching merchants in the way which will lead the soonest to easy discussion of purchases. Courtesy has been well defined as a study of small things and their effect upon our friends. This is a prominent feature of the traveling salesman. On the other hand, the house salesman finds himself in the reverse position. He is at home, and the retailer comes to him to make his purchases. If not a level-headed man, the house salesman easily falls into the habit of treating his customer as to a certain extent in his power. If it is bad policy for a retailer not to treat the traveling salesman as a friend, it is far worse for a house salesman to assume such a position. How many wholesale houses make the cheerful greeting of a customer at his first entrance a regular part of their plans? And yet nothing so hurts the pride of the average man as to enter a salesroom, wander around trying to find somebody, and finally ask some one (the wrong man, of course), to receive a gruff "don't know anything about it," or "Ask that man at the other end," when he should have been met at the door by some one especially appointed, who sees that he is directed to the right window or desk, or calls for the proper salesman. A bad impression at the very door, an impression of the lack of hospitable feeling toward him, will remain with that customer and color his future course. This, we need not say, is a wrong to the customer, and very bad policy, too. It grows, in a measure, out of this mistaken feeling that the house salesman has the advantage over the brother who travels. Such a feeling is a snare, and has destroyed many a bright future. The house salesman, or merchant, makes a great mistake when he relies upon his little advantage of position. Thorough courtesy and kindness is the only sure rule in all cases.

THE South Boston Woolen Co. has been organized to start a factory for the manufacture of fine shoddies and garnetted stock, on West First street, near Dorchester avenue. The company will deal in all grades of fine wool waste. The president has not yet been chosen. The other officers are: Treasurer, John Eliot; agent, Daniel Morrison, Jr.; superintendent, John Loomis, Providence, R. I.

A MEEEING of Austrian and Hungarian cotton manufacturers has just been held in Vienna, for the purpose of forming an association with a view to common action in the interests of the industry. Reference has been made to tariff questions, to factory legislation, and to the general buying and selling conditions, as matters requiring immediate attention. In all 72 establishments, with an aggregate of 35,000 looms, were represented. A committee was appointed to take further steps for the immediate constitution of the association.

-Oldham Chronicle.

PREVIOUS to 1767, cotton spinning was performed on the domestic one thread wheel, of which there were two kinds. The first had a simple spindle and required the material to be previously carded; the common jenny was founded on this simple machine. The second was the flax wheel, which was used for other substances, that from their nature, but more particularly from the length of staple, did not admit of carding, but were prepared by an operation resembling combing. The spindle of this machine had a bobbin and fly which served to wind up the yarn as fast as it was spun. This last kind of spindle is that which was adopted by Arkwright in his mode of spinning.

THE COTTON FACTORY.

SEPARATING ROLL FOR SLASHERS.

In your issue of March 30, page 35, I saw the above heading, and wishing to write you a short article I thought I would just give your readers my opinion of the separating roll. Mr. Blake says, on the cylinder slashers the yarn, after leaving the size box, goes on to the cylinder in a solid sheet, in which condition it is dried. Mr. Blake also says the separating roll is placed so as to separate the sheets between the size box and the cylinder, thus allowing the yarn to dry better and spin more readily at the point. The above may appear right to a weaver until she, or he, gets the warps; but when the yarn comes off the beam in tapes and clings to the rolls in the back of the harness, and makes a place in the cloth, after passing off the rod, as though some one had tried to put their finger through it, then they want to know how the yarn got into that condition. I will inform your readers how this comes about. A gentleman came to our mill with a new invention to smooth the yarn, that is, lay the fibre on the yarn in the slasher. It was a piece of board 12x3 in., long enough to fit into the chimney or bennett. This was covered with woolen cloth and put between the yarn, as the separating roll is, and the result was it did not run one cut, as the solid sheet was broken, and the yarn would not open at the cleavers or dividing rods. It was then tried on the top of the yarn, then under it, but the result was such that it was never after used. Now, Mr. Wade and kind readers in general, allow me to say that I slash any kind of yarn, white or colored, coarse or fine. The fibre of every thread should cling to the next thread from the immersion roll, so as to form an unbroken sheet, until it gets to cleaver; and if the yarn is warped good the results will be satisfactory. But my experience, so far, is that nothing can be put in, on, or between the yarn on a slasher, between the size box and cylinder, or between size het and rib roll, on a Lowell machine, without damage to both.

UNEVEN COTTON YARNS.

-Old Slasher.

AFTER carefully reading Critic's last paper on the duties of superintendents and the short-comings of the help in the mills. especially those of overseers, I began to get in the condition of the old Baptist deacon who used to say in time of revival, "I kinder feel as though I had a duty to perform." There is a good Scripture text that says, "there is a time for everything." Well, now I think the time has come for a little plain talk. Critic has given us quite a sermon. Now, Critic, it is one thing to preach, but entirely another thing to practice what you preach, and I inter from your remarks on the weave room that you are not a carder or overseer of mixing and picking. You have taken upon yourself the duty of telling the superintendents what to do. Now, if you had confined yourself to the weaving department, you might not have run into a snag, as you seem to have done by intimating that things were pretty crooked in the picking and carding departments. In the reporting of weights and numbers you have suggested that the superintendent should have an assistant whose work should be to go through the mills daily and weigh the work, and examine the yarn and cloth, and then report to the superintendent the true, simon pure, unadulterated condition of the work. Well, now, Critic, I want to ask you in all honesty what this will amount to. Will it make the work any evener or unevener? Will the sending of a man through the picking and carding every day make the work any evener or even any better? You, no doubt, will say the overseer will see to it that his work is kept in hand better if he knows that some one is coming in to weigh his work. Now, Critic, I take no stock in such talk. Let me say that keeping numbers is all right so far as it goes, but beyond a certain limit it don't amount to a continental ten dollar bill. know of a corporation whose system of keeping numbers is very elaborate; the report of numbers of yarns and roving is kept by one man who reports to the superintendent daily, and to look on their book of numbers and breakage it gives a very fair showing; but what, I ask, is the extreme variation of numbers on that same corporation. Critic, you may be surprised when I tell you that it is twelve instead of two or three, as the average went to show. Why, how in the world is this, someone wants to know. Well, there are a good many things that the carder has to contend with. In the first place, the agent and superintendent and assistant superintendent say, make even work. This is quite proper to say. I have heard it

I

said a good many times in the past twenty-five years, and still we don't make even work. Well, why? Let us see, Critic, where the trouble is, and in order to do this I want one of your assistant superintendents to go into the mills of some large corporation. I will go with him, for I want to see him weigh the work, and I don't propose that he shall have the long arm of the lever. He must deal squarely and weigh correctly, and give the devil his due, for, you see, we overseers are a hard set of fellows. First, then, we come to the mixing or opening room; often times it is quite close, if not right in the room where the picking machines are. The cotton is damp and cold, and the picking, while it may in the average be quite corect, yet in the extreme variation it is away off. The superintendent makes a note of these weighings and then moves on to the carding department, if it is double carding with railway-head system; he weighs the laps. Now these will approximate quite close to the standard, but the extreme variation makes him contract his brow. The next place to weigh is at the railway heads. The work weighs fairly well when the average is taken, but what causes such an extreme variation in numbers? Now, there is one thing the weighing by the super. does not materially better the average from what the weighing of the overseer would make it. Then where does the benefit of the assistant superintendent come in? I see no objection in having some one designated to weigh the work and reporting the same to the office, but it don't amount to a pin. What we want is a better system for manipulating our work. What can be expected of our carders who have no proper facilities for mixing and airing their cotton. In a damp and cold condition it is fed to the openers and picker machines uneven and poorly picked it comes to the cards, and from the cards to the ra.lway heads, where a constant fluctuation is taking place. I say, by all means, send along your man to look after the numbers in the picking ard carding, but when you do that, Critic, I would advise you to send a man who will know enough to see where the trouble arises. Instead of spending his time in averaging up his work from room to room, let him put his shoulders to the wheel and reduce the extreme variation of numbers. There will always be a variation of numbers, but my candid opinion is they can be reduced one half, not by weighing in the carding room and looking over the cloth with a glass in the weave room, but rather by starting right at the foundation and keeping the work well in hand. Any practical carder can do this with the assistance of the superintendent. -Utile.

CANADIAN AND UNITED STATES COTTONS EXPORTED TO CHINA.

THE export of cotton goods from Canada to China, though only commenced some nine or ten months ago, is already assuming large proportions, the total amount already exported being about 12,000 bales. Although this innovation was started by the two largest holders of cotton stock, the first orders were divided amongst the various factories, and the new trade has been generally taken up. The goods made for the Chinese market are known as "shirtings," but instead of being 81 pounds for 371⁄2 yards, which is the standard weight in England for the Chinese market, they weigh about 10 to 12 pounds, being 3 to 3 yards to the pound. They are shipped per Canadian Pacific Railway and steamers to Shanghai at lower rates than the American manufacturer can obtain, consequently the Canadian makers reap an additional advantage. Official data of cotton goods exports from the United States for the past fiscal year, in comparison with the years preceding, show that during the fiscal year 1887 more than 12,000,000 yards of uncolored cottons were exported from the port of San Francisco. During the fiscal year 1888 not one yard of this class of exports by way of San Francisco is reported. There can be but one explanation. The large movements of uncolored cottons to China was diverted to Canadian roads and the Vancouver route during the fiscal year. The Interstate Commerce Act was a prominent, if not the sole, cause for the transfer of this traffic from our own to the Canadian railroads. That the long and short haul clause has affected other classes of traffic similarly cannot be questioned, but there may not be another equally striking instance of the complete reversal of so large a trade movement. The Inter-State Commerce Act went into full operation less than three months before the close of the fiscal year 1887, and this transcontinental movement of cottons over American lines ceased almost immediately.--American Exporter.

RETROSPECTIONS OF A COTTON MILL HAND. A GREAT many social changes have taken place during my lifetime in the relations of factory operatives, but as my connection has been mostly amongst cotton weaving, perhaps it will interest some readers to give a view from my standpoint. I will not attempt to compare the different changes and argue one way or the other, but give the facts as I have seen them. My first teacher in weaving had no experience in a cotton mill. My father served fourteen years apprenticeship in the village of Gaston, near Manchester, England, to hand loom weaving, plain calico weaving or sheeting; afterwards moved to Bolton and hired as a journeyman weaver, and in his young days weaving was called a high paid trade, averageing earnings from thirty to forty shillings per week, that is, six to ten do lars per week. week. He had all the peculiar habits pertaining to his trade. Trade union was common at that time, but was in the form of guilds, etc. We must remember that men and women then knew nothing about cotton mills, steam looms or lucifer matches, telephone, telegraph or electric lights, etc. Political freedom amongst the masses was not general; a few were made freemen for trade service. My grandfather was a freeman, my father also, and several other relations. Some were honored for service in war on land and on sea, but I am afraid some of them very unwillingly served their king, and king's, nobles' and landlord's country. The people had little claims on the land of their birth. Press gangs were common in those days, and men were taken against their will and forced to be soldiers or sailors. I cannot tell if all the tales were true about the cotton weavers in those days, but my childhood's experience convinces me that the weaver's lot at that time was very far from being an unpleasant life, and the home life of thousands of weavers in those days must have been very happy, although their frugal meals did not consist of so many dainties as now, still the body was cared for. During my noble father's and mother's matured life the hand loom weaving began to decline. Work was scarce at any price. Inventions of all kinds were introduced, and those hitherto undisturbed workers were amazed at the changes suggested from time to time. Totally unprepared to meet such innovations on their industry, alas, societies were formed for revenge upon inventors and their machines. In 1828 or 29 a terrible riot occurred in Blackburn, Lancashire. Steam looms were broken, soldiers were called out, and many were wounded. The people of these days imagine the men of those days less moral than the men of today; but I think the contrary to be more likely. Well, about these turbulent times I had to face the battle of life, my first situation was bobbin winder, my salary was twenty-five cents per week if faithful to my duties. I had three brothers. I sometimes shudder when I try to contemplate the duties my parents were forced to perform. We have societies now whose object is to encourage domestic economy. What a teacher is necessity! My mother often had to cut up four ounces of bacon amongst six of us, and of course my father was intended to have the biggest piece or share. I feel certain he did not always secure it for very often when I would rebel against my portion he would share a morsel of his share with me, but, although our food was simple we were well fed with meal and flour in various forms; always called to meals four times a day, and on such diet my brothers and I excelled in running and jumping. Our education was mostly gained in Sunday school. My father and mother were well educated for the period in which they lived. The value of Sunday schools in English history can never be overrated; but, unfortunately, many a noble, good-hearted man was selected to teach classes far beyond his ability. When I was about twelve years of age I was considered an excellent reader, and my Sunday school teacher was often obliged to ask how to pronounce a word, and I often selected the chapter to be read from the Bible with the instruction, "don't select one with hard or long words." One day I ventured to ask my father which chapter had the hardest words; one was named, and of course it was chosen for our Sunday reading, and nearly every scholar was stuck on some word; at last the good old teacher said, "now, lads, never mind those very hard words, you will never need them." My father often laughed when I told the story, but I was told that I did wrong to take such an advantage. I can now see the good of his advice but I could not then. We were all put to hand weaving, but every year trade went worse, wages less. We were all strong, hearty lads, help was wanted in cotton mills, but our father often spoke eloquently in favor of holding fast to the hand looms and avoid (Concluded on page 53.)

WEEKLY.-860.00 per inch, per annum, 52 times. EVERY OTHER WEEK.-$40.00 per inch, per annum, 26 times. MONTHLY.-One full page every fourth week, 13 insertions per annum, 8400.00. Half page $225.00. Quarter page, $125.00. Payments to be made at the end of each quarter.

For shorter time than 3 months $1.25 per inch, each insertion. Cash in advance, or on presentation of bill.

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If addressed care Wade's Fibre and Fabric and forwarded, 81.25 per inch will be charged.

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WADE'S FIBRE AND FABRIC is published EVERY Saturday by JOS. M. WADE & CO.,

185 SUMMER STREET, BOSTON, MASS. Entered at the Boston post-office as second-class matter. PROTECTION AND TEMPERANCE.

THE employes of Atlantic Mills, Olneyville, R. I., have organized an association for mutual relief, to assure to members medical and pecuniary aid in case of sickness. The following officers were elected: President-W. H. Hassett; Vice Presidents-H. Sawyer and Miles Collins; Secretary-C. H. Fiske; Treasurer C. F. Winsor; Directors-Charles Pepler, I. A. Gilbert, J. F. McEvoy, C. M. Hurst, E. H. Moody, William Hartely, Fred Wickes, Henry Collingham, Charles Frey, George Parker, J. B. Foster, S. C. Hayes, Smith Dufton, E. F. Mathewson, James Clegg, Richard Salby, A. A. Caswell, Edward Gill, Thomas Wilkinson and Fred. Cockshot. Only employes who have worked a month in the Atlantic Mills are eligible for membership, and on leaving the service all connection with the association ceases.

MR. HUGH SHERIDAN has resigned his position as superintendent at the Washington mills, Lawrence, and is going to start a mill with Mr. Sampson. Mr. Sheridan made many friends while in Lawrence, and the leading position in the manufacture of low grade beavers and chinchillas attained by the Washington mills is largely attributable to him.

-H.

ROBERT JOHNSON, who has represented N. Spencer Thomas for the past eight and a half years, has resigned his position with Mr. Thomas and accepted a position with full control of the aniline dyes of the Schoellkopf Aniline and Chemical Co., of Buffalo, N. Y. Mr. Johnson is favorably known by all who use dyestuffs throughout the Atlantic seaboard. The firm Schoellkopf, Hartford & Maclogan are sole agents for the Buffalo aniline colors, with offices at No. 3 Cedar street, New York, and 103 Milk street, Boston, and 23 North Front street, Phila. We wish Mr. Johnson success in his new and enlarged sphere of usefulness.

THE little song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) may well be considered the emblem of hope, for in the latter days of winter he perches on the dry weed stalks that project above the dreary waste of snow, and pours out his musical notes, so sweet and reassuring of the coming spring. He stays with us through. the winter, but he is so unobtrusive in his sober tinted coat that most people, if they saw him, would class him with his kinsman the house sparrow, commonly known as the "English Sparrow."

"KEEP WELL INFORMED."

If every progressive young man would write out, or paint the above legend on a board and nail it up where his eye would fall on it continually, it would remind him of a duty that he owes to himself and those dependent on him. "Keep well informed," no matter what your calling in life may be; keep well to the front, keep well posted. The lame, the halt and the blind can fall to the rear without effort.

If you are a loom-fixer you should know, or know of, every other room in the country in which you may some time be called upon to work in; also who runs the room and the prospect of a job should you lose your present position. Every loom fixer in a fancy cassimere mill should write at least one letter every day of his life to other loom fixers and boss weavers equally enterprising with himself. This would keep him posted and lift him out of that depressed state of mind so many fall into, as if the mill they worked in were the only mill in the world, and out of that meant to them the poor house. The use of postage stamps by the willing correspondent who does a little thinking is the greatest educational medium after one has left school we know of. It is the duty of every man to subscribe for at least one technical paper in his line of profession, and the wise man will take the very best, regardless of its cost, for should he not keep well informed in his profession, and is there any better way than by the best literature published on the subject?

The legend applies equally well to the manufacturer, but he has a much wider field to cover than any of the men under him. He must not only keep posted on where to find the best and most successful men, but he must keep well posted on every He must know improvement in machinery that he has to use. just when it is time to lay in raw material to the best advantage, he must know just where every lot of wool is to be found that is suitable for the goods he has to make. In fact, the loom fixer that would think it a fearful task to write 300 letters in one year to "keep well informed," would be surprised to know what the regular agent of a woolen mill has to go through for the same purpose; but the question of whether you should "keep well informed" or not is simply the question of success or failure in life whatever your chosen calling may be.

WE are informed that the Arlington Mills, of Lawrence, have received an order for 30,000 pieces of cashmere goodsthe largest order they have had since they commenced business.

E. S. ROCKWELL & Co., Tiffin, O., are having more orders than at any time during the past two years, and for several weeks have run till 9 P. M. Joseph W. Huntoon is supt.

THE Georgia State Farmers' Alliance, in order to counteract the jute bagging trust, have adopted a resolution to use none but cotton covering, and that made in the South, for every bale of cotton marketed. Nearly 10,000 farmers are affected by this resolution, and the establishment of many new cotton factories to supply the bagging is looked for.

MR. DIMOCK assumed his duties as superintendent of Washington mills, Lawrence, Mass., on April 1, upon the retirement of Mr. Sheridan, who was made the recipient of a gold watch chain and charm and a handsome clock, as a token of the esteem in which he is held by his former overseers. Clarenbach, formerly connected with the Germania mills of Holyoke, Mass., for a number of years in charge of gigging, has taken charge of the same department in the Washington mills, of Lawrence.

Mr. R.

GEORGE L. MERRIAM, BOX 224, Ellsworth, Maine, writes us as follows: Can you inform me whether there is in New York State any firm that manufactures tenter bars? I have an impression that there is such a firm located in or near Troy. Such information will be thankfully received.

WADE'S FIBRE AND FABRIC wants all the news from every cotton and woolen factory for Facts Whittled Down.

THE plans for the new yarn mill to be erected by Messrs. Thompson & Coburn at Atherton, near Lowell, are now being prepared by the eminent mill expert, Mr. J. H. Wilson, of the Atherton Co.'s staff. It is understood that this mill will manufacture Nos. 20 and 26 two-ply yarn largely.

RETROSPECTIONS OF A COTTON MILL HAND. (Concluded from page 51.)

the cotton mills because industrial liberty would be curtailed, and home life would become less attractive; but, necessity, not choice, forced him to reluctantly consent to our going in the mill. Our habits as hand loom weavers were not in harmony with a mill life. Even then we never thought of weaving Mondays. Sometimes we would play longer and had to weave all night Friday to finish our week's work Saturday. The first cotton mill I worked in had no office to keep the help in, and we would often go out and play for hours, but soon a watchman was placed over us and our habits were changed. Strikes and disputes were very common. My first experience of a strike was when I was a boy and trade was slack. Some mills stopped, others went on short time. A large number of grown men formed a trade procession and lads like I followed them. I can well recollect a man walked in front with a model loom in miniature; another carried a large banner on which painted in large letters were the following words: "Steam power loom has killed honest Calico Jack; we bury him forever to-day." Speeches were made and the speakers were loudly applauded. I often think if it had been possible to see the future progress cotton weaving was destined to make, and some person had said, "please don't bury Calico Jack for he is sure to grow to a great giant alive and kicking; even in this meeting are living mortals who will witness nine-thousand men and women on strike in Fall River, only demanding twenty cents for weaving forty-five yards, and nineteen cents will be considered sufficient, such a speech would have been considered as only what a raving maniac could give. The cry was, "down with railways and all machines that lessen manual labor." I recollect seeing a procession of carters or teamsters carrying banner with the picture of a horse starved to death as a result of railways. Such movements would look foolish at this time, but if all the conditions by which humanity is surrounded to-day could be portrayed, a strange picture could be drawn for the future. The changes that have and are continually being made in methods of running machinery in our cotton mills causes ten hours a day to be more laborious to the operative than thirteen used to be when thirteen hours was called a day's labor. Many cases could be found when some parents were not well known by their own small children because the child was put to bed before the father came home from work, and he got up so early he did not see it awake. One Sunday one of these unfortunate men was at home, and the mother was out a few minutes, the little boy and son did not obey some command, and he lightly chastised him with the rod. The boy yelled in a terrible manner, and his mother

asked him whatever was the matter. "Why, that man who stops sometimes on Sundays has been licking me," said the child and the present system of break-neck style of working will most assuredly bring evil results. Undesirable as society is without the value of inventions, the new state of society shows less respect to old age. It should ever be the aim of men and women in the future to respect old age; let the old have a warm place in the affections; supply as far as possible all their reasonable wants; go with them in spirit into the shadows of evening; be a staff to them in their weakness, and, if it be possible when the shades deepen around them, lift the curtain off the future and then see good and solid evidence that every society, under whatever name, is seeking a higher humanity. happy the last days of the aged should be treated with odium The selfish greed of capitalists that endeavor to make unand never allowed any office of public trust. The United States started her industrial progress under very favorable conditions, but the grasping policy bids fair in the near future to become a huge curse and not a blessing Truly the ways of transgressors are hard. The laws governing the results of production have been wonderful, but the system of distribution has been stationary, and every effort should be made to improve the condition of the people through the channel of distribution, not on the idea of levelling, but on the basis of equity and justice. Economy is a useful and good thing, but always drilling the hard working people upon the value of economy is monotonous. Seek wiser systems of taxation and a higher standard of morality from the rich, called so because they have large bank books, etc. We need less cant, more manly courage, fearless of consequences that may fall to the lot of any man who dares to seek a higher humanity. Yours for the present,-Thos. Evans.

MACHINERY WANTS.

A 140-inch second-hand blanket loom is wanted by Anderson & Emerson, Newfane, N. Y.-Frank R. Baltzell, Troy, Ala., wants information as to cost of machinery for bagging factory, to manufacture 1,000,000 yards yearly.-J F. Adden, Orangeburg, S. C., wants a 40 H. P. boiler.-Cherry Valley Stave & Heading Co., Cherry Valley, Ark., want quotations on boiler and engine 125 to 150 H. P., portable or stationery.-L. W. Gunby, Salisbury, Md., wants prices on cotton mill machinery. -C. H. Franklin, Union Springs, Ala., wants outfit of machinery for cotton mill, sheetings, shirtings and drillings to be made.-R. R. Brown, Pres. Cowpens, S. C., Mfg. Co., wants to buy full outfit of best and la'est improved machinery, including steam power for 5000 spindle cotton yarn mill.-J. S. Moses, Montgomery, Ala., wants estimates on machinery for a cotton mill, with capacity of 7500 spindles, and 250 looms.-Chester, S. C., Mfg. Co. want outfit for cotton factory with capacity of 8000 spindles and 300 looms.

LIST OF PATENTS

RELATING to textiles and means employed in textile manufacture, granted April 2, 1889, reported expressly for WADE'S FIBRE AND FABRIC, from the office of Wright, Brown & Crossley, solicitors of patents and counsellors in patent causes, 31 Pemberton square, Boston:

400,494. Wm. Schofield, Philadelphia, Pa., yarn reeling machine.

400,502. S. Smith and R. Gill, Methuen, Mass., spinning spindle.

400,510. Chas. F. Swain, Methuen, Mass., knitting machine. 400,583. Hugh S. McKean, Alleghany, Pa., selvage-shedding -device for hand loom.

400,603. Richard Schofield, Paris, Ont., Canada, machine for cutting cloth.

400,742. Joseph L. Brooks, Simcoe, Ont., Canada, shuttel motion for looms.

400,864. William Lund, Philadelphia, Pa., stop motion for spinning and twisting machines.

400,879. Chas. Straumann, Jersey City, N. J., operating me

chanism for the cloth-beams of looms.

H. L. WITHAM, late of the Washington Mfg. Co., Gloucester, N. J., has gone to Augusta, Ga., to superintend the Dartmouth Spinning Co.'s mill. On his retirement, the overseers had a planked shad supper, the Masonic fraternity a banquet, and the help under him presented him with a gold-headed cane. -G.

WADE'S FIBRE AND FABRIC wants all the news from every cotton and woolen factory for Facts Whittled Down.