either of very great indolence, or of overfastidiousness.8 Miletus was subjected to Alexander the Great. Caesar replied, that he did not account Gaul to belong to Ariovistus rather than to the Roman people. That is most becoming to every one, which is most peculiarly his own. To judge who is a wise man, seems even most of all to require a wise man. To desert one's post out of fear, is an indication of cowardice. Not to restore a private trust,9 from covetousness, is a proof of injustice. To conduct affairs badly, through recklessness, is a proof of folly. Our honour and gratitude require that we proclaim to the brave soldiers, how mindful we are (of their services), and how grateful (for them). Who does not see of what nature this kind of concealment is, and to what sort of man it belongs? Assuredly it does not belong to an open, simple, ingenuous, upright, good man; but rather to a crafty, close, cunning, deceitful, wicked, practised knave.10 To perceive this, shews prudence; to perform it, bravery; but both to perceive and to perform it, indicates the greatest perfection of excellence.11 This is your part, judges; it is the part of your dignity and of your clemency.

7 Very inactive. Very refined fastidiousness.-9 To restore something privately lodged with one.-10 Veterator, one who is old in anything. Vafer, crafty.-11 Is the part of complete and perfect excellence.

II.

Haec studia sunt omnium temporum, aetatum, locorum. Est humanitatis vestrae magnum eorum civium numerum calamitate prohibere; sapientiae, videre multorum civium calamitatem a republica sejunctam esse non posse. Vix videtur humani esse consilii tantarum rerum gubernatio. Augusti temporibus paene totus orbis terrarum Romanorum erat. Viri boni est misereri. Cujusvis hominis est errare, nullius, nisi insipientis, in errore perseverare. Haec sunt omnia ingenii vel mediocris, exercitationis autem vel maximae. Omnia mea meorum sunt amicorum. Id ipsum est summi oratoris, summum oratorem populo videri. Est metus, ut aegritudo praesentis, sic ille futuri mali. Majoris est consilii, providere ne quid tale accidat, sed animi non minus, fortiter ferre, si evenerit. Sero sapientis est, quum stultitia sua impeditus sit, quoque modo possit, se expedire. Duobus modis, id est, aut vi aut fraude, fit injuria; fraus quasi vulpeculae, vis leonis videtur. Omnia trans Iberum, praeter Saguntinos, Carthaginiensium erant. Nihil in omni mundo melius esse quam se putare, desipientis arrogantiae est. Nihil est tam angusti animi tamque parvi, quam amare divitias. Divitias contemnere et pro nihilo ducere comparantem cum utilitate

communi, magni animi et excelsi est. In tranquillo tempestatem optare, dementis est; subvenire autem tempestati quavis ratione, sapientis._ _Fortis animi et constantis est, non perturbari in rebus asperis. Populi grati est, praemiis afficere bene meritos cives. Viri fortis est, ne suppliciis quidem moveri, ut fortiter fecisse poeniteat. Est magnae naturae, semper sperare; frustra vero niti maximae est stultitiae.

VIII. THE GENITIVE WITH VERBS OF REMEMBERING, PITYING, ACCUSING, ETC.

(Exercises, p. 39.)

I.

All things occurred to Antony, and each in its own place. If you do not keep within bounds, you will compel me, forgetting our friendship, to have a regard for my own dignity. Your power occurred to my mind, not less frequently than your justice.- Cicero pro Quint. 2. I remember, Plancius, I remember, nor shall I ever forget that night, when, unhappy (man that I was), led on by false hope, I made certain vain and empty engagements to you, sitting by me, sleepless,2 sorrowing. Manlius was condemned to death. I shall make good my defence to you, if you remember this, which you cannot forget -that he who lies in wait for another, may be put to death with justice himself.-Cicero pro Mil. 4. Have compassion on the family, judges, have compassion on the worthy father, have compassion on the son. Parents often think of their absent children. I shall never repent of my actions and designs. Catiline reminded one of his poverty; another, of his covetousness; several, of danger or disgrace; many, of the victory of Sulla, by which they had been enriched.3 The earth itself appeared to me so small, that I was ashamed of our empire, with which we touch only a point of it, as it were. ancestors, having compassion on the Roman plebs, frequently assisted them in their need. 5 You are ashamed of your avarice. If you are an unjust judge in my case, I shall condemn you on the same charge; but if you do not wish me to do this, it will be your part to shew yourself just to me. Scaevola was condemned on other charges.

Your

1 Unless you shall have fixed a limit to yourself.-2 I promised certain vain and empty things to you, watching, sitting by me, &c.-3 To whom it had been a source of plunder.-4 Dissatisfied, discontented with.-5 Assisted their need.6 Shall not wish.

II.

Stulitiae est, aliorum vitia cernere, oblivisci suorum. Stulti bona praeterita non meminerunt, praesentibus non fruuntur, futura modo exspectant. Non est mei temporis injurias meminisse, quas ego, etiam si ulcisci possem, oblivisci mallem. Venit mihi in mentem Marci Catonis, hominis sapientissimi, qui maximis in laboribus usque ad summam senectutem summa cum gloria vixit. Neque nos neque alios industriae nostrae poenitebit. Obliti salutis meae, de vobis ac de liberis vestris cogitate. Zeno putat sapientem nullius rei poenitere, nulla in re falli, sententiam mutare nunquam. Mihi patriae, vestrorum periculorum, hujus urbis, illorum templorum veniebat in mentem. Recordamini omnes civiles dissensiones, neque solum eas, quas audistis, sed et has, quas vosmet ipsi meministis et vidistis. Nostrum est, dissensionum oblivisci. Si quis Athenis errasset ignarus, officii a judicibus clam admonitus est. Nunquam illius noctis obliviscar, maximorum enim vitae periculorum me monet. Non belli et periculorum, sed praedae et divitiarum milites meminerant. Bocchus, Mauretaniae rex, generi sui, Jugurthae, fortunarum miseritus est. Pudet quemque fateri, se poenam meruisse. Saepe nos dixisse poenituit, tacuisse nunquam. Nos vitae taedet. Vos stultitiae vestrae neque taedet neque pudet. Lysanias, qui peculatus damnatus est, perdidit bona sua et nomen senatoris. Torquatus Publium Sullam societatis Catilinariae conjurationis accusavit. Anaxagoras, quum impietatis accusaretur, a Pericle adjutus est. Alii multae, alii capitis, damnati sunt. Orestes matricidii accusatus est; hujus autem criminis Apollo eum absolvit. Senatus neque absolvit regem criminis, neque convicit. Principes factionis adversae capitis

damnati sunt.

IX. THE GENITIVE OF PRICE.

(Exercises, p. 41.)

I.

I value Plato highly, but Socrates more highly. I do not know whether I should value more highly1 your affection for me, or your disposition towards the state. It is very disgraceful to think more highly of that which appears 2 to be useful, than of that which is honourable. Cornelius Nepos stands much lower in my estimation than Livy. If you should find a man selling 2 gold in mistake for brass, or silver for lead, and

1 Whether I should think that your affection is more highly to be valued.The subjunctive is explained, Gram., § 360.

necessity should compel you to buy it, would you keep your own counsel3 and buy it for a small price, or would you rather point out (its real value)? When Theophrastus inquired of a certain old woman, for how much she sold something, and she answered (his question), and added: Stranger, I cannot sell it for less; he was displeased at being still taken for a stranger,4 although he passed his life at Athens, and spoke excellently.Cic. de Clar. Orat. 46.

3 Will you conceal it.-4 That he did not escape the appearance of a stranger.

II.

Nulla possessio, nulla vis auri et argenti, pluris quam virtus aestimanda est. Agere considerate pluris est, quam cogitare prudenter. Frater tuus quanti me faciat semperque fecerit, esse hominem qui ignoret arbitror neminem. Etiam pluris eum facio, quod te amari ab eo sensi. Quanti est virtus aestimanda! Themistocles non fecit justitiam tanti, quanti aequalis suus, Aristides, qui justa consilia pluris semper aestimavit, quam utilia. Tanti ab amicis habetur quisque, quanti se habet. Domos, villas, signa, tabellas pluris quam rempublicam fecistis. Parvi est servus, qui officii non meminit. Nusquam in Sicilia erat frumentum tanti, quanti Syracusis.

X. INTEREST AND REFERT.

(Exercises, p. 41.)

I.

It is of consequence to me that you should thoroughly know the whole matter. It is of little consequence, that you should afterwards recover by a victory the lost revenues. We see that children are delighted, even although it does not at all concern them, if they find out anything by the exercise of their own faculties.1 It is the interest of all, that the wicked be punished. It concerns you all deeply, that in great inquiries, and in sudden trials, the life of every one be admitted as a witness in his case.2 Theophrastus, when dying, is said to have accused Nature for having given a long life to ravens and crows, to which it is of no consequence, and of having given man, to whom it is of the greatest consequence,3 so short a life.

1 If they have found out anything by reason by themselves.-2 Be a witness. For the subjunctive, see Gram., § 361.

II.

Vides

Nostra nihil interest, utrum haec scripseritis, an non. mea hoc pluris interesse, quam tua. Nihil interest, quomodo solvantur nodi. Epistolae inventae sunt, ut certiores faceremus absentes, si quid esset, quod eos scire aut nostra aut ipsorum interesset. Nostra parvi refert, quid alii faciant, dummodo recte faciamus ipsi. Interest magni ejus, qui discere vult, utrum omnia, an omnia neminem, sed aliud alium, putet consequi posse. Ipsius reipublicae causa philosophiam nostris hominibus explicandam putavi, magni existimans interesse ad decus et laudem civitatis, res tam graves tamque praeclaras Latinis etiam litteris contineri.

XI. PECULIARITIES IN THE USE OF THE GENITIVE.

(Exercises, p. 42.)

I.

You

Whose resources should we employ rather than thine, who hast given us serenity in life, and taken away the fear of death? It is for you, Caesar, who have often spoken in defence of many, to ask yourself what are now my feelings.-Cic. pro Dejot. 2. By the punishment of five mad and abandoned citizens, I have ransomed the life of all the citizens, the peace1 of the world, and, lastly, this city, the abode of us all. behold, citizens, the state and the life of you all, rescued from fire and sword, and almost from the jaws of destruction, and re-established. Let the commencement of a speech be modest, either in attacking your opponent, or in commendation of yourself.2 I am possessed with a strange longing for the city, with an incredible longing for my friends, and especially for you.

1 Settled condition.-2 Either for the attack of one's opponent, or for the commendation of one's self.

II.

Ex unius tua vita pendet omnium. Quam Sapientia ardentes amores excitaret sui, si videretur. Omnium societatum nulla est gratior, quam ea, quae cum republica est unicuique nostrum. Habetis ducem memorem vestri, oblitum sui. Memoria tui semper me maxima laetitia afficit; neque dubito quin mei memoria tibi quoque voluptatem paret. Rogamus vos, ut memoriam nostri perpetuo servetis.