figures of lions with double human heads and humanheaded birds.

Near the fibula, at C, were two maces, about 7 ins. long; and a portion of a third, consisting of tubes of bronze lined with wood, and covered with a plate of gold. of pale colour, finished off with lines and beads. One of the maces is fixed to a band of silver, and round it, on all sides, are eleven figures of lions placed upon the said band. Attached to it also are fringes worked in silver thread.

At D were found four points of lances, in iron, and remains of the wood which formed the shaft; two daggers of iron in silver sheath. The one which wants a handle is 1 ft. long; the other, with handle encrusted with amber, is 17 ins. long, including the handle. The first mentioned is ornamented with figures in relief,-stags, horses, oxen, a Centaur with the fore-legs of a man and back of a horse (the oldest form known of this animal). A man on his back is defending himself from a lion who is attacking.

At E were many fragments of wood encrusted with bronze, among which are various pieces of heads of griffins and panthers, and the bronze shows signs of having been gilt. The eyes of the griffins are worked in enamel of a yellowish colour, and their bodies covered with scales.

At F were two singular objects of bronze, fused, and mixed with wood. They consist of two tubes, which are fastened together, and are finished on one side by the head of a panther, who seems to be devouring something. At the point of junction of the tubes is the figure of a panther; while the other tube ends in a lion, a panther, and some other animal not to be recognized.

Near the western end of the south wall, at G G G, were found the fragments of three shields worked in thin bronze plate, which apparently had been hung against the said wall. The stamped ornaments were of the well known geometrical patterns, and generally similar to those heretofore discovered at Palestrina,' except that on a fragment of one of them could be seen a row of human figures.

Near the shields, but a little nearer the centre of the

1 See Mon. del Institut., vol. viii, tav. xxvi.

sepulchre, at H, was found a cup of pale gold (electron), 3 ins. high; diameter, 4 ins., without the handles. This has no ornament but the Sphynxes with very short wings placed upon each of the handles.

In the angle formed by the south and west wall at 1 were found many fragments of ivory, tooled and ornamented in a style very like the Egyptian. One seems to have formed part of the scabbard of a dagger or knife; and on it, in high relief, is figured a large boat and a rower standing up at the prow, another at the stern. Besides which rowers are the following four figures: a beardless man in short tunic, and three women, all of whom are dressed in tunics with girdles and mantles.

Along the western wall were found many vases of silver and bronze, though the exact position of each has not been accurately noted. It would take long, even if it were possible, to describe the many fragments broken in pieces, and difficult to appropriate; but worthy of note is a tripod. Its caldron, in bronze, has a diameter of nearly 9 ins. The supports, one of which is well preserved, are of iron, but finished off in the form of a human leg in bronze. On each of the supports is a quadruped in bronze (dog?), resting on right leg, and touching with his mouth the edge of the caldron; while on each of the transverse bars is the figure of a man on foot, executed in bronze. The three figures are nude, beardless, and have the ears of a Satyr, with long hair, and hands resting upon the cauldron. The workmanship of these figures, as well as of the three animals, is very clumsy.

Of great interest are some vases of silver with representations in low relief, and finished off with the chisel, found near the western wall, but a little advanced towards the centre, at K. These, in style and workmanship, resemble silver vases from the island of Cyprus; from the tombs at Care, of Regulini Galassi; and from the suburbs of Salerno; whilst another similar example has come to light at the excavations in Palestrina made by order of the Prince Barbarini. The style shows a mixture of Egyptian and Assyrian art, but with less stiffness in the treatment than belongs to the works of these two nations.

Near these was a tazza, slightly gilt; diameter, 7ğ ins. Round the brim is twined a serpent whose tail is brought

2

back to its mouth, a symbol of the xóoμos. Under the serpent a line of figures; first a man with long, pointed beard, without moustachios, in long tunic, is seated to the left, on a throne, holding in left hand an Egyptian staff, and with the right he holds up a ball. His head is covered with a conical cap or tiara, similar to that on a tazza in the same style found at Cyprus. Behind this figure is an umbrella, and before him a pillar with a crater upon it, without handles, and a simpulum; and more to the left is an altar with fire on the focus. In the field, over the altar, is figured the disc of the sun with wings. Behind the seated figure is seen another on foot, but bearded and clothed like the other, who with a knife is disembowelling an animal fastened to a tree. In front of them, to the right, is a biga, the horses of which have the heads resting on a manger; and near this, on foot, stands an ostler in long tunic and belt. Over this figure, in the air, two birds are poised; while out of the ground, behind the biga, grows a date-palm; and in front two other trees of similar kind to that on which the dead animal is hanging. Then follow many hunting scenes,-chariots and huntsmen with bows and arrows.

Near this tazza was found a crater of silver lightly gilt, and similar in style; but it is difficult to describe it in detail in consequence of its oxydised state. For the same reason I cannot particularise a semi-spherical cup without handles, of silver-gilt. Diameter, 5 ins. Inside this was found another of bluish glass, somewhat opaque; and which, from analogy, may afford a clue to the chronology.

Among the other silver vases I will limit myself to the mention of a simpulum, 6 ins. long, terminating in the head of a swan; and a circular colum, 6 ins. diameter.

Near the western side, but more to the south than the silver vases, were found many of bronze (at L), but very much decayed; and near them numerous fragments of ivory, similar to those before mentioned. Near them (at M), and in the angle formed by the said wall with the northern side, were discovered various vessels of wood

1 Macrob., Sat. i, 9-12.

2 See Longpérier, Musée Napoleon III, Pl. 10.

ornamented with bronze nails fixed into them, similar in general to those from the warriors' tombs at Cære.

Along the northern wall were not found carved objects; but mixed with the earth were many fragments of ceramic ware covered with a greenish, blue enamel; and at N were found fragments of a bronze shield with geometrical ornaments.

Near the eastern wall (at O) was discovered a large cauldron of bronze, on the brim of which are fixed two heads in the Egyptian style, and various pieces of wood encrusted with bronze, and some nude male figures of bronze, 3 ins. and 33 in length; the workmanship rather clumsy.

I have shortened Mr. W. Helbig's excellent account of the articles found, from the Bullettino, 1876; and his opinion, founded on arguments too long to go into, is that from the mixture of the Assyrian and Carthaginian styles in the objects referred to, these are of Phoenician or Carthaginian manufacture, probably imported by the latter nation; and this supposition is not inconsistent with the political history of the early part of the sixth century B.C., which he considers to be the date of this tomb, when the Carthaginians and natives of Italy were striving to check the progress of Greek colonisation, and when Etruria and Latium were inundated with objects of Carthaginian manufacture.

It is well that the Italian Government has secured the contents of this tomb for the sum of 70,000 francs, and that they are safely lodged in the Kircherian Museum at Rome.