cru le retrouver dans le sébestier (cordia mixa), dont le fruit visqueux est tout différent. M. Delisle a été plus heureux : ayant observé dans un jardin du Caire un individu de l'arbre appelé par Linnæus ximenia ægyptiaca, il lui trouva la plupart des caractères du perséa: une hauteur de dix-huit à vingt pieds, des branches épineuses, des feuilles ovales persistantes, longues d'un pouce à dix-huit lignes, traits qui ont pu donner lieu à la comparaison avec le poirier; un fruit de la forme d'une datte, doux lorsqu'il est mûr, contenant un noyau un peu ligneux, etc. Parvenu dans la haute Egypte, M. Delisle en rencontra deux autres, et il apprit, par les habitans des contrées supérieures, que l'espèce est commune en Nubie et en Abyssinie, et très-estimée dans le Darfour; cependant il n'a pu savoir si le cœur du bois est noir comme le disent les anciens de leur perséa.

Cet arbre se nomme aujourd'hui, en Nubie, eglig. M. Delisle lui trouve des différences assez marquées pour le séparer des autres ximenia, et il en fait un genre sous le nom de balanites.

On the philosophical meaning of the words βιος, κινημα, ενεργημα, and αισθημα.

The following explanations satisfactorily show the necessity of studying the commentaries of the Platonic and Peripatetic philosophers that have been preserved to us, as the accurate signification of the above words is only in these writings to be obtained.

Concerning the first of these words therefore, Proclus observes as follows in Tim. p. 229, Ψυχης γαρ οικειότατος ο βιος. ει δέποτε και επι νου λεγοιτο, καθαπερ εν Φιληβῳ, την ιδιοτητα σημαίνει της ζωής. δυο γαρ ο βιος ταυτα δηλοι, το, τε ίδιον εκαστου της ζωής είδος, και την ανελίξιν της αιρέσεως αφ' ης έχει την προοδον. λέγεται ουν κυρίως μεν επι των ψυχων. εν ταυταις γαρ η ανελιξις. i. e. “ The life signified by the word Blog is most adapted to the soul. For if at any time this word is used in speaking of intellect, as in the Philebus, it signifies the peculiarity of the life. For Bios manifests these two things, viz. the peculiar form of each life, and the evolution of the choice, from which it has its progression. It is properly, therefore, asserted of souls: for in these there is an evolution [of choice]." What is here said by Proclus, that Bios signifies the evolution of choice, is confirmed by the following passage from the 10th book of the Republic of Plato. Αναγκης θυγατρος κορης Λαχέσεως λόγος. ψυχαι εφημεροι, αρχη αλλης περιόδου θνητου γενους θανατηφόρου ουχ υμας δαίμων λήξεται, αλλ' υμεις δαιμονα αιρήσεσθε πρωτος δ' ο λαχων, πρωτος αιρείσθω βιον, φ συνεσται εξ αναγκης" αρετη δε αδεσποτον, ην

&

τιμων και ατιμαζων, πλεον και έλαττον αύτης εκαστος εξει· αιτια ελομε YOU BEos avartios. i. e. The speech of the virgin Lachesis, the daughter of Necessity: Souls of a day! The beginning of another period of men of mortal race. The dæmon shall not receive you as his lot, but you shall choose the dæmon. He who draws the

first, let him first make choice of a life (Bos), to which he must of necessity adhere. Virtue is independent, which every one shall partake of more or less, according as he honors or dishonors her the cause is in him who makes the choice, and God is blameless." The evolution of lives which follows this speech, is therefore evidently the evolution of choice. And the word Bros perpetually occurs in the whole of what is said by Plato about the different lives of the human soul.

.

ομοίως

δε και

In the next place, we are informed by Simplicius in his Commentary on the 6th book of Aristotle's Physics p. 230, that xa signifies the boundary or end of motion. For he says, ouos de xan το νυν του χρόνου, και το κινημα της κινησεως. καλούσι γαρ ούτω το της κινησεως πέρας. i. e. “ The now of time, and the κινημα of motion, are siniilar. For thus the end or boundary of motion is called." In like manner Evepyna, which occurs in Proclus on the Parmenides, and also on the Timæus, is the boundary of energy. For in the latter of these Commentaries p. 233, he says, λoyou de ενεργημα το λεγειν, ως νου το νοειν, ως φύσεως το φυειν. i. e. “ Το speak is the ενεργημα of reason, in the same manner as to perceive intellectually is the evepynua of intellect, and to germinate, of nature." Thus too, in the last place, aiona, which occurs in the MS. Commentary of Proclus on the Parmenides, is the boundary of aionois, or sensible perception. And as alona, being the termination of sensible perception, is an impression of it in the sensorium, that which is analagous to this must be conceived to take place in xμa and evepynua. For the now, or an instant, is, as it were, an evanescent impression of time, and xvnux may be said to be an impression of motion. For the latter is analogous to a point which marks the end of the flux of a line on another line.

κινημα

ενεργημα

On Mr. Bellamy's Translation of the latter part of the 9th and 19th Chapters of Genesis.

In his translation of these two passages, Mr. Bellamy has entirely done away the account of Noah's drunkenness, and of Lot's incest. Will Will any of your readers oblige the world with a minute criticism of the alterations in question? Mr. Bellamy has

been severely treated by some of the periodical Journals; and many seem to have considered it to be their duty to reprobate his translation. If in any instance he has wilfully perverted the meaning of the sacred text, he deserves all that he has received. If he has been guilty only of those mistakes and errors which are the lot of all, the severity of his critics will be a lasting reproach. The whole question with the world, and with posterity, will be, "Is Mr. Bellamy right, or wrong?" "Has he thrown any light on obscure passages, or not?" I have fixed on these portions of his version, in which he has so materially departed from the received translation, as a criterion, by which a Biblical scholar may judge if his claim on the attention and approbation of his countrymen be well founded.

A CONSTANT READER.

PALINDROME.

From Tά and Spoμéw, a word, line, or sentence, which is the same, read backward or forward. Thus constructed is an inscription round the font of the church of Sandbach, in Cheshire, and at some other places:

NIYON ANOMHMA MH MONAN OYIN.

Similarly constructed is the Latin verse:

Roma tibi subito motibus ibit amor.

And the English line:

Lewd I did live, evil did I dwel.

The word Madam is a palindrome.

It is related, that a noble lady, who had been forbidden to appear at the court of Queen Elizabeth, on account of a suspicion of too great familiarity with a certain lord high in her majesty's favor, chose for a device upon her seal the moon partly obscured by a cloud, with this palindrome for a motto:

Ablata, at alba.

A lawyer is said to have taken for his motto:

Si nummi, immunis.

The following line is a refinement upon the palindrome, for each word is the same, whether read from the first letter, or the last:

Odo tenet mulum, mappam mudidam tenet Anna.

.J

366

Literary Intelligence.

JUST PUBLISHED.

CLASSICAL.

Stephens' Greek Thesaurus, Nos. VII. and VIII. i. e. Part VI. of Lex. and Part II. of Gloss. The present price is 17. 5s. small, and 27. 12s. 6d. large paper; and will soon be advanced to 17. 7s. and 27. 15s.

The Delphin and Variorum Classics, Parts III. and IV. Pr. 17. Is. small, and 21. 2s. large paper. V. and VI. will be delivered this month. The price will be raised hereafter. Very few copies are unsubscribed. Present Subscription 908.

Mr. Carson of Edinburgh has just published an edition of Tacitus for Schools, in One Volume Octavo.

Dissertation sur le passage du Rhône et des Alpes par Annibal (par le Comte de Fortia d'Urban.) Seconde édition, avec une

Carte. Paris 1819, 8vo.

Strabonis a Corayo editi Tomus Quartus et ultimus.

The Third Volume of Clavier's Pausanias is now printing. Notice sur quelques Monumens Anciens situés dans les environs de Genève; par Eusèbe Salverte. Genève 1819.

Etymological French Dictionary. CHARLES POUGENS, a Member of the Royal Academy of Inscr. and Belles Lettres, has addressed a letter to Professor Wyttenbach of Leyden, developing the plan of a work, which if executed with ability equal to the vigor of the conception, will be of considerable importance not only to scholars in his own country, but in every other. The design must at least be well matured, as it appears to have been not merely in contemplation, but in progress of execution, since 1771. It is to be entitled "Dictionnaire des Origines de la Langue Française ;" forming Six Folio Volumes; comprising, 1st. the Opinions of all preceding Etymologists; a Comparison of the principal, with a Discussion of their Opinions: 2d. The Author's own Decision: 3d. Researches on the Origin and History of Words; not applying to European languages exclusively, but to others whence he derives those existing in French. Subjoined to this Dictionary is to be placed a Polyglott Vocabulary of words of

the first necessity, supposed to be necessary to man in the rudest state; amounting in number to about 300.

Of this Thesaurus, an abridgment is also in contemplation, forming at most 3 vols. in quarto, designed to contain, 1st. The Grammatical Classification of each word with its original application. 2d. A Summary Extract of its Etymology; but fuller than in Dr. Johnson's of our own tongue. 3rd. The Definitions. On this part, as being the most difficult and of the most direct utility, the author appears to have bestowed the greatest pains. Our errors when not physical or moral arise, he says, from errors in language, the abuse of words, and false applications of them. Ten years of his life have been occupied in an attentive perusal of the principal Classical Authors in his language, whom he reckons about 65 from these he has culled a series of detached phrases, giving the particular acceptations of every word. These extracts exceed in number 300,000: and a selection has been made from them, already arranged alphabetically, and distributed in registers. By the aid of these he deduces definitions in most cases, he hopes, tolerably exact. He has himself been often surprised at the number of Nuances, of which, under the pen of able writers, each word is susceptible. These researches are quite terminated. Intelligenzblatt, Jena. A. L. 2. October 1818.

BIBLICAL.

Vetus Testamentum Græcum cum Variis Lectionibus. Editionem a Roberto HOLMES, S. T. P. inchoatam continuavit Jacobus PARSONS, S. T. B. Tomus Secundus. Oxonii, e Typographeo Clarendoniano. 1818.

The progress of this work, from its commencement to the death of Dr. Holmes, and the publication of several succeeding fasciculi, have been already noticed in the Classical Journal, and are already well known to the public. Dr. H. died in 1805, at which time nothing more had been published than the Pentateuch, forming the 1st volume, and the book of Daniel in a separate fasciculus: viz. Genesis 1798. Exodus 1801. Levit. 1802. Numb. 1803. and Deuteronomy (completing the volume) 1804; though the date 1798 is improperly affixed to the general title. The book of Daniel was published only a few months before his death. And here was suddenly broken off a laborious and expensive work: but as a considerable sum of money had been subscribed both for the purpose of carrying on the collations abroad, and also for publishing them on the plan suggested by Dr. H., and as the delegates of the University Press had not only contributed largely to that subscription, but undertaken also to continue the