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PARALLEL TEXTS:

THE LATER WYCLIFFITE,

THE PAUES FRAGMENT, AND

THE VULGATE

NOTE

The Wycliffite text has been taken from Forshall and Madden's edition. The punctuation of both the English and the Latin has been freely changed where the sense seemed to demand it. A few English words, such as into, withouten, hemsilf, etc., usually separated in the edition (in to, etc.), are here printed as one. Italics in the Wycliffite text indicate words supplied by the translator, as found in the standard edition.

ROMANS

I

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Poul, the seruaunt of Jhesu Christ, clepid an apostle, departid into the gospel of God, which he hadde bihote 2 tofore bi his profetis in holi scripturis of his Sone, which 3 is maad to hym of the seed of Dauid bi the flesch, and 4 he was bifor ordeyned the Sone of God in vertu, bi the spirit of halewyng, of the agenrisyng of deed men, of Jhesu Crist oure Lord, bi whom we han resseyued grace and the s office of apostle, to obeie to the feith in alle folkis for his name, among whiche ze ben also clepid of Jhesu Crist: 6,7 to alle that ben at Rome, derlyngis of God, and clepid hooli Grace to zou, and pees of God oure Fadir, and of the Lord Jhesu Crist. First Y do thankyngis to my God 8 bi Jhesu Crist for alle zou, for 3oure feith is schewid in 9 al the world. For God is a witnesse to me, to whom Y serue in my spirit in the gospel of his Sone, that with

I Paulus, servus Jesu Christi, vocatus apostolus, segregatus 1 in evangelium Dei, 2 Quod ante promiserat per prophetas suos in scripturis sanctis 3 De Filio suo, qui factus est 4 Qui prædesti

ei ex semine David secundum carnem, natus est Filius Dei in virtute, secundum spiritum sanctificationis, ex resurrectione mortuorum, Jesu Christi Domini nostri, 5 Per quem accepimus gratiam et apostolatum, ad obediendum fidei in omnibus gentibus pro nomine ejus, 6 In quibus estis et vos vocati Jesu Christi: 7 Omnibus qui sunt Romæ, dilectis Dei, vocatis sanctis: Gratia vobis, et pax a Deo Patre nostro, et Domino Jesu Christo. 8 Primum quidem gratias ago Deo meo per Jesum Christum pro omnibus vobis, quia fides vestra annunciatur in universo mundo. 9 Testis enim mihi est Deus, cui servio in spiritu meo in evangelio Filii ejus, quod sine intermissione memoriam

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10 outen ceessyng Y make mynde of zou euere in my preieris, and biseche, if in ony maner sum tyme Y haue a spedi weie in the wille of God to come to zou. For Y desire iz to se zou, to parten sumwhat of spiritual grace, that ze be confermyd: that is, to be coumfortid togidere in zou, bi feith that is bothe goure and myn togidere. And, britheren, Y nyle that ze vnknowun that ofte Y purposide to come to zou (and Y am lett to this tyme), that Y haue 14 sum fruyt in zou, as in othere folkis. To Grekis and to barberyns, to wise men and to vnwise men, Y am dettour; so that that is in me is redi to preche the gospel also to 16 30u that ben at Rome. For Y schame not the gospel;

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for it is the vertu of God into heelthe to ech man that 17 bileueth, to the Jew first, and to the Greke. For the riztwisnesse of God is schewid in it of feith into feith; 18 as it is writun, For a just man lyueth of feith. For the wraththe of God is schewid fro heuene on al vnpite and wickidnesse of tho men that withholden the treuthe of

vestri facio 10 Semper in orationibus meis, obsecrans, si quomodo tandem aliquando prosperum iter habeam in voluntate Dei veniendi ad vos. II Desidero enim videre vos, ut aliquid impertiar vobis gratiæ spiritualis, ad confirmandos vos : 12 Id est, simul consolari in vobis, per eam quæ invicem est, fidem vestram atque meam. 13 Nolo autem vos ignorare, fratres, quia sæpe proposui venire ad vos (et prohibitus sum usque adhuc), ut aliquem fructum habeam et in vobis, sicut et in ceteris gentibus. 14 Græcis ac barbaris, sapientibus et insipientibus, debitor sum; 15 Ita (quod in me) promptum est et vobis qui Romæ estis evangelizare. 16 Non enim erubesco evangelium; virtus enim Dei est in salutem omni credenti, Judæo primum, et Græco. 17 Justitia enim Dei in eo revelatur ex fide in fidem; sicut scriptum est, Justus autem ex fide vivit. 18 Revelatur enim ira Dei de cœlo super omnem impietatem et injustitiam hominum eorum qui veritatem Dei in injustitia

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God in vnrigtwisnes; for that thing of God that is 19 knowun is schewid to hem; for God hath schewid to hem. For the vnuysible thingis of hym, that ben vndurstondun, ben biholdun of the creature of the world, bi tho thingis that ben maad, zhe, and the euerlastynge vertu of hym and the godhed; so that thei mowe not be excusid. For 21 whanne thei hadden knowe God, thei glorifieden hym not as God, nether diden thankyngis; but thei vanyschiden in her thougts, and the vnwise herte of hem was derkid. For thei seiynge that hemsilf weren wise, thei 22 weren maad foolis; and thei chaungiden the glorie of 23 God vncorruptible into the licnesse of an ymage of a deedli man, and of briddis, and of foure-footid beestis, and of serpentis. For which thing God bitook hem 24 into the desiris of her herte, into vnclennesse, that thei punysche with wrongis her bodies in hemsilf; the 25 whiche chaungiden the treuthe of God into leesyng, and herieden and serueden a creature rathere than to the Creatoure, that is blessid into worldis of worldis. Amen.

detinent;

19 Quia quod notum est Dei manifestum est in illis; Deus enim illis manifestavit. 20 Invisibilia enim ipsius, a creatura mundi, per ea quæ facta sunt, intellecta, conspiciuntur, sempiterna quoque ejus virtus et divinitas ; ita ut sint inexcusabiles. 21 Quia cum cognovissent Deum, non sicut Deum glorificaverunt, aut gratias egerunt; sed evanuerunt in cogitationibus suis, et obscuratum est insipiens cor eorum. 22 Dicentes enim se esse sapientes, stulti facti sunt; 23 Et mutaverunt gloriam incorruptibilis Dei in similitudinem imaginis corruptibilis hominis, et volucrum, et quadrupedum, et serpentium. 24 Propter quod tradidit illos Deus in desideria cordis eorum, in immunditiam, ut contumeliis afficiant corpora sua in semetipsis; 25 Qui commutaverunt veritatem Dei in mendacium, et coluerunt et servierunt creaturæ potius quam Creatori, qui est benedictus in sæcula. Amen. 26 Propterea tradidit illos Deus in passiones ignominiæ: nam feminæ eorum immu

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