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only prerogative, which we see to have been given always to all godly
princes in the Holy Scriptures by God Himself, that is, that they
should rule all estates and degrees, committed to their charge by GOD,
whether they be ecclesiastical or temporal, and restrain with the civil
sword the stubborn and evil-doers.

Divine Testimony.

A. Old Testament. 2 Chron. viii. 14, "And he appointed,
according to the order of David his father, the courses of
the priests to their service, and the Levites to their charges,
to praise and minister before the priests, as the duty of
every day required: the porters also by their courses at
every gate for so had David the man of GOD com-
manded."-See also Exod. xxxii. 21. Deut. xvii. 18, 19.
1 Kings ii. 26, 27. 2 Chron. xxvi, 16-18. Esther ix.
20, 21, 26. Isa. xlix. 23.

B. New Testament. Rom. xiii. 1, "Let every soul be subject
unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of

GOD: the powers that be are ordained of GOD."-See also
Rom. x. 15. Heb. v. 4. 1 Pet. ii. 13.

PROP. IV. The Bishop of Rome hath no jurisdiction in this realm of
England.

1. Divine Testimony.

New Testament. Gal. ii. 9, 14, " And when James, Cephas,
and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace
that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas

The Bishop of Rome founds his claim of universal supremacy on Matt. xvi.
18, 19, But the rock upon which CHRIST is founded, is not Peter, but Peter's
confession. Hilar. de Trinitat. lib. vI., "The Father revealed it to Peter,
that he should say, Thou art the Son of GOD. Therefore upon this rock of con-
fession is the Church builded. This faith is the foundation of the Church; what-
soever this faith shall loose or bind in earth, shall be loosed or bound in heaven."
The power of the keys was given not to Peter only, but to all the Apostles,
John xx. 22, 23. St. Chrysostom explains, "They which bear the keys be the
priests; to whom the word of teaching and of interpreting the scriptures is
committed. Now the key is the word of the knowledge of the scriptures, by
which key the truth is opened to men." St. Augustine gives a sense not very
different, "These keys did He give to the Church, that whatsoever it looseth
in earth should be loosed in heaven: to wit, that whosoever would not believe
that his sins are forgiven him in the Church, they should not be forgiven to
him; but whosoever should believe, and being corrected, should turn from his
sins; he, being placed in the lap of the Church, should, by the same faith and
correction, be healed." De Doctr. Christ. lib. 1. c. xviii.-See also Thom.
Aquin. Summ. Theol. part 111. quest. 6, Art. vi.

the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the
heathen, and they unto the circumcision. But when I saw
that they walked not uprightly according to the truth of
the Gospel, I said unto Peter before them all, If thou,
being a Jew, livest after the manner of Gentiles, and not
as do the Jews, why compellest thou the Gentiles to live
as do the Jews ?"-See also Matt. xxii. 21.

2. Human Testimony.

A. Fathers. Gregory the Great to Maur. August. lib. VII.
Epist. XXXIII.; (see also lib. IV. Epist. 76, 78, 80,)
"I confidently affirm, that whoever calls himself or de-
sires to be called an universal priest or bishop, is in his
pride a forerunner of Antichrist, because he proudly
prefers himself before others."-See also lib. IV. Epist.
LXXVI., LXXVIII., LXXX.; lib. v. Epist. XIX. ad Sabin.
xx. col. 743, ad Ioan. Episc. Constant. Epist. XVII. col.
743; lib. v. Indict. XIII. ad Eulog. et Anastas. Epist.
XLIII. tom. II. col. 771. Cyprian. de Semplic. Cleric.
The same, doubtless, were the rest of the Apostles that
Peter was; having an equal fellowship with him both in
honour and power: that it was said indifferently to all,
Feed ye, John xxi. 15, 16; indifferently to them all,
Go ye into all the world, Matt. xvi. 15; indifferently to
them all, Teach ye the Gospel. Jerome to Evagr.
"All
bishops, wheresoever they be, be they at Rome, be they
at Eugubium, be they at Constantinople, be they at
Rhegium, be all of like eminence, and of like priest-
hood." August. in 1 ad Tim. c. iii.

B. Confessions. 2 Helvetic, c. xvii. Gallican, Art. xxix.
Wirtemburg, Art. xxxi. Westminster, c. xxiii. § 2.

PROP. V. The laws of the realm may punish Christian men with death,
for heinous and grievous offences.

1. Divine Testimony.

A. Old Testament.

Gen. ix. 6, "Whoso sheddeth man's
blood, by man shall his blood be shed: for in the image
of GOD made he man."-See also Exod. xxi. 12, 15-17;
xxii. 18, 19. Numb. xxxv. 30. Deut. xvii. 5.

ARTICLE XXXVII.

B. New Testament.

313

Rom. xiii. 4, “He beareth not the
sword in vain: for he is the minister of GOD, a revenger

to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil."-See also
Matt. xxvi. 52. Acts xxv. 2.

2. Human Testimony.

A. Father. Iren. adv. Hær. lib. v. c. xxiv.

B. Confessions. Augsburg, Art. vii. of Abuses. Westminster,
c. xxiii.

PROP. VI. It is lawful for Christian men, at the commandment of the
magistrate, to wear weapons and serve in the wars.

1. Divine Testimony,

A. Old Testament. Josh. viii. 21, "And when Joshua and
all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and
that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned
again, and slew the men of Ai.”—See also Numb. xxxi.
2, 3. 1 Sam. xxiii. 2. Ps. cxliv. 1.

B. New Testament. Luke iii. 14, "And the soldiers like-
wise demanded of him, saying, And what shall we do?
And he said unto them, Do violence to no man, neither
accuse any falsely, and be content with your wages."-
See also Matt. viii. 9. Acts x. 1, 2.

2. Human Testimony.

Fathers. August. ad Josh. lib. VI. quæst. 10, vol. III.,
"Hence we are admonished that they do not unjustly who
carry on a just war; that a just man ought not to take
much thought about these things, but only that he under-
take a just war, to whom it is lawful to war."

ARTICLE XXXVIII.

ARTICULUS XXXVIII.

ARTICLE XXXVIII.

De illicita bonorum Communi- Of Christian men's Goods, which

catione.

FACULTATES et bona Christianorum non sunt communia, quoad jus et possessionem (ut quidam Anabaptistæ falso jactant): debet tamen quisque de his quæ possidet, pro facultatum ratione, pauperibus elemosynas distribuere.

The Phraseology of this Article.

are not common.

THE riches and goods of Christians are not common, as touching the right, title, and possession of the same, as certain Anabaptists do falsely boast. Notwithstanding every man ought of such things as he possesseth, liberally to give alms to the poor, according to his ability.

1. As compared with Article XXXVII. of those of 1552.

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Title. Christian men's goods Title. Of Christian men's

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TWO PROPOSITIONS.

I. The riches and goods of Christians are not common as touching the right, title, and possession of the same, as certain Anabaptists do falsely boast.

II. Every man ought of such things as he possesseth, liberally to give alms to the poor, according to his ability.

PROP. I. The riches and goods of Christians are not common, as touching the right, title, and possession of the same, as certain Anabaptists do falsely boast.

1. Divine Testimony.
New Testament. Acts v. 4, "Whiles it remained, was it
not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine
own power?"-See also Acts iv. 32; v. 4; x. 36; xx. 34.
1 Tim. v. 8. 1 Thess. ii. 9. 2 Thess. iii. 2.

2. Human Testimony.

Fathers. Just. Mart. Apol. 1. § 67, "Those who have the will and ability, each according to his choice, give what they please. And the collection is deposited with the president, and he helps orphans, and widows, and the indigent through sickness or any other cause, and prisoners, and strange sojourners, and in brief he takes care of all that are in need.”—See also Tertull. Apol. 1. c. xxxix. Clem. Rom. Epist. ad Cor. pp. 49, 50. Clem. Alex. Quis Dives Salvetur. c. xiii.

PROP. II. Every man ought, of such things as he possesseth, liberally to give alms to the poor, according to his ability.

1. Divine Testimony.

A. Old Testament. Lev. xxv. 35, "And if thy brother be waxen poor, and fallen in decay with thee; then thou shalt relieve him: yea, though he be a stranger or a sojourner; that he may live with thee."-See also Deut. xiv. 29; xv. 7, 10.

B. New Testament. 1 Tim. vi. 17, 18, "Charge them that are rich in this world-that they do good, that they be rich in good works, ready to distribute, willing to communicate."-See also Matt. xxv. 42-45. 2 Cor. viii. 12; ix. 7. Gal. vi. 10. Heb. xiv. 16. 1 John iii. 17.

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