The Death of Argument: Fallacies in Agent Based ReasoningSpringer Science & Business Media, 9 lis 2013 - 378 The present work is a fair record of work I've done on the fallacies and related matters in the fifteen years since 1986. The book may be seen as a sequel to Fallacies: Selected papers 1972-1982, which I wrote with Douglas Walton, and which appeared in 1989 with Foris. This time I am on my own. Douglas Walton has, long since, found his own voice, as the saying has it; and so have I. Both of us greatly value the time we spent performing duets, but we also recognize the attractions of solo work. If I had to characterize the difference that has manifested itself in our later work, I would venture that Walton has strayed more, and I less, from what has come to be called the Woods-Walton Approach to the study of fallacies. Perhaps, on reflection "stray" is not the word for it, inasmuch as Walton's deviation from and my fidelity to the WWA are serious matters of methodological principle. The WWA was always conceived of as a way of handling the analysis of various kinds of fallacious argument or reasoning. It was a response to a particular challenge [Hamblin, 1970]. The challenge was that since logicians had allowed the investigation of fallacious reasoning to fall into disgraceful disarray, it was up to them to put things right. Accordingly, the WWA sought these repairs amidst the rich pluralisms of logic in the 1970s and beyond. |
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Strona ix
... Proof Ad Hominem 122 8. AND SO INDEED ARE PERFECT CHEAT 125 1 " Fallacies " that aren't Fallacies 125 2 Bias 126 3 Popular Appeals and Common Knowledge 131 4 Preconception and Dogmatism 137 4.1 Ad Verecundiam 138 4.2 4.3 5 Conservatism ...
... Proof Ad Hominem 122 8. AND SO INDEED ARE PERFECT CHEAT 125 1 " Fallacies " that aren't Fallacies 125 2 Bias 126 3 Popular Appeals and Common Knowledge 131 4 Preconception and Dogmatism 137 4.1 Ad Verecundiam 138 4.2 4.3 5 Conservatism ...
Strona xx
... proof theory , set theory and recursion theory . But no one seriously believes that modern mathematical logic is much good for the analysis of real - life argument and reasoning , nor that it is the best place in which to transact the ...
... proof theory , set theory and recursion theory . But no one seriously believes that modern mathematical logic is much good for the analysis of real - life argument and reasoning , nor that it is the best place in which to transact the ...
Strona xxiv
... proof . " Our second question asks for what justifies Aristotle's claim that al- lowing non - propositions into refutation - arguments would be the death of argument . Aristotle does not answer this question , or anyhow does not answer ...
... proof . " Our second question asks for what justifies Aristotle's claim that al- lowing non - propositions into refutation - arguments would be the death of argument . Aristotle does not answer this question , or anyhow does not answer ...
Strona xxvi
... proof theory of this approach has the means to establish theorems about what reasoning agents do . What the subtitle of this book is intended to signal is that an account of fallacies needs to be set in a more general theory of ...
... proof theory of this approach has the means to establish theorems about what reasoning agents do . What the subtitle of this book is intended to signal is that an account of fallacies needs to be set in a more general theory of ...
Strona 36
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Spis treści
7 | 38 |
Threats and Intimidation | 62 |
APPEAL TO FORCE | 74 |
10 | 86 |
Arguments Involving Reference to Persons | 95 |
AD HOMINEM | 111 |
AND SO INDEED ARE PERFECT CHEAT | 124 |
PragmaDialectics | 149 |
How to Interpret Arguments | 217 |
MISSING PREMISSES | 239 |
Analogy | 251 |
VERDI IS THE PUCCINI OF MUSIC | 273 |
Induction | 299 |
HASTY GENERALIZATION | 311 |
THE PROBLEM OF ABDUCTION | 335 |
The Way Ahead? 349 | 348 |
BUTTERCUPS GNPS AND QUARKS | 160 |
UNIFYING THE FALLACIES? | 171 |
Intractable Disagreement | 183 |
STANDOFFS AND DEMORALIZATION | 200 |
References | 359 |
141 | 373 |
212 | 374 |
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abduction abductive reasoning abortion abstraction Achilles analogical argument analogy answer argumentation theory Aristotle Aristotle's baculum believe chapter claim cognitive commits comparison argument conclusion condition confirmation deductive deep structure DeMorgan dialectical dialogue discussion Eemeren and Grootendorst Ella Fitzgerald emeralds epistemic example fact fallacy theory false force five Fregean senses Gabbay grue Hamblin hasty hominem human Hume Hume's inference Informal Logic instantiations interpretation invalid justification Lady of Britain Laura Bush linguist logical form matter meaning missing premiss nosy notion objectively original argument painful theory Pascal's Wager Philosophy positive instance possible practical syllogism pragma-dialectical pragmatically inconsistent predicate present principle problem Problem of Induction proof proposition qualification question Quine rational ravens reasoning refutation relevance rule sample-induction secundum quid semantic sense sentences similarity skeptic Sophistical Refutations standard standoffs of force strategy syllogism theoretical theorist Thesis things tion traditional true truth truth functional University Press valid van Eemeren violation Walton Woods