The principal works of Mr Combe are Essays on and to tame those passions which are never to rage.' Phrenology, 1819; The Constitution of Man, 1828; In Crabbe's Tales of the Hall a character is thus System of Phrenology, 1836; Notes on the United described: George Combe. States of America, three volumes, 1841; Phrenology applied to Painting and Sculpture; and pamphlets on the Relation between Science and Religion, on Capital Punishments, on National Education, the Currency Question, &c. [Distinction between Power and Activity.] [From the System of Phrenology.] "His passions, like the watery stores that sleep 'He seemed without a passion to proceed, Or one whose passions no correction need; Yet some believed those passions only slept, And were in bounds by early habit kept.' 'Nature,' says Lord Bacon, 'will be buried a great time, and yet revive upon the occasion or temptation; like as it was with Esop's damsel, turned from a cat to a woman, who sat very demurely at the board's end till a mouse ran before her.' In short, it is plain that we may have the capability of feeling an emotion-as anger fear, or pity-and that yet this power may be inactive, insomuch that, at any particular time, these emotions may be totally absent from the mind; and it is no less plain, that we may have the capability of seeing, tasting, calculating, reasoning, and composing music, without actually performing these operations. It is equally easy to distinguish activity from action and power. When power is exercised, the action may be performed with very different degrees of rapidity. Two individuals may each be solving a problem in arithmetic, but one may do so with far greater quickness than the other; in other words, his faculty of Number may be more easily brought into action. He who solves abstruse problems slowly, manifests much power with little activity; while he who can quickly solve easy problems, and them alone, has much activity with little power. The man who calculates difficult problems with great speed, manifests in a high degree both power and activity of the faculty of Number. As commonly employed, the word power is synonymous with strength, or much power, instead of denoting mere capacity, whether much or little, to act; while by activity is usually understood much quickness of action, and great proneness to act. As it is desirable, however, to avoid every chance of ambiguity, I shall employ the words power and activity in the sense first before explained; and to high degrees of power I shall apply the terms energy, intensity, strength, or vigour; while to great activity I shall apply the terms vivacity, agility, rapidity, or quickness. In physics, strength is quite distinguishable from quickness. The balance-wheel of a watch moves with much rapidity, but so slight is its impetus, that a hair would suffice to stop it; the beam of a steam-engine progresses slowly and massively through space, but its energy is prodigiously great. In muscular action these qualities are recognised with equal facility as different. The greyhound bounds over hill and dale with animated agility; but a slight obstacle would counterbalance his momentum, and arrest his progress. The elephant, on the other hand, rolls slowly and heavily along; but the impetus of his motion would sweep away an impediment sufficient to resist fifty greyhounds at the summit of their speed. In mental manifestations-considered apart from organisation-the distinction between energy and viva To frown, and roar, and shake his feeble form.'-Hope. city is equally palpable. On the stage Mrs Siddons Again: 'In every heart Are sown the sparks that kindle fiery war; -The Task, B. 5. Dr Thomas Brown, in like manner, speaks of latent propensities; that is to say, powers not in action. Vice already formed,' says he, is almost beyond our power: it is only in the state of latent propensity that we can with much reason expect to overcome it by the moral motives which we are capable of presenting:' and he alludes to the great extent of knowledge of human nature requisite to enable us to distinguish this propensity before it has expanded itself, and even before it is known to the very mind in which it exists, and Mr John Kemble were remarkable for the solemn deliberation of their manner, both in declamation and in action, and yet they were splendidly gifted with energy. They carried captive at once the sympathies and the understanding of the audience, and made every man feel his faculties expanding, and his whole mind becoming greater under the influence of their power. Other performers, again, are remarkable for agility of action and elocution, who, nevertheless, are felt to be feeble and ineffective in rousing an audience to emotion. Vivacity is their distinguishing attribute, with an absence of vigour. At the bar, in the pulpit, and in the senate, the same distinction prevails. Many members of the learned professions display great fluency of elocution and felicity of illustration, surprising us with the quickness of their parts, who, nevertheless, are felt palfrey. In like manner, to lead men in gigantic and to be neither impressive nor profound. They exhibit difficult enterprises-to command by native greatness, acuteness without depth, and ingenuity without compre-in perilous times, when law is trampled under foot-to hensiveness of understanding. This also proceeds from call forth the energies of a people, and direct them vivacity with little energy. There are other public against a tyrant at home, or an alliance of tyrants speakers, again, who open heavily in debate their abroad-to stamp the impress of a single mind upon a faculties acting slowly but deeply, like the first heave of nation-to infuse strength into thoughts, and depth a mountain wave. Their words fall like minute-guns into feelings, which shall command the homage of upon the ear, and to the superficial they appear about enlightened men in every age-in short, to be a Bruce, to terminate ere they have begun their efforts. But Bonaparte, Luther, Knox, Demosthenes, Shakspeare, even their first accent is one of power; it rouses Milton, or Cromwell-a large brain is indispensably and arrests attention; their very pauses are expressive, requisite. But to display skill, enterprise, and fidelity and indicate gathering energy to be embodied in the in the various professions of civil life-to cultivate with sentence that is to come. When fairly animated, they success the less arduous branches of philosophy-to are impetuous as the torrent, brilliant as the lightning's excel in acuteness, taste, and felicity of expressionbeam, and overwhelm and take possession of feebler to acquire extensive erudition and refined manners-a minds, impressing them irresistibly with a feeling of brain of a moderate size is perhaps more suitable than gigantic power. one that is very large; for wherever the energy is intense, it is rare that delicacy, refinement, and taste are present, in an equal degree. Individuals possessing moderatesized brains easily find their proper sphere, and enjoy in it scope for all their energy. In ordinary circumstances they distinguish themselves, but they sink when difficulties accumulate around them. Persons with large brains, on the other hand, do not readily attain their appropriate place; common occurrences do not rouse or call them forth, and, while unknown, they are not trusted with great undertakings. Often, therefore, such men pine and die in obscurity. When, however, they attain their proper element, they are conscious of greatness, and glory in the expansion of their powers. Their mental energies rise in proportion to the obstacles to be surmounted, and blaze forth in all the magnificence of self-sustaining energetic genius, on occasions when feebler minds would sink in despair. The distinction between vivacity and energy is well illustrated by Cowper in one of his letters. "The mind and body,' says he, 'have in this respect a striking resemblance of each other. In childhood they are both nimble, but not strong; they can skip and frisk about with wonderful agility, but hard labour spoils them both. In maturer years they become less active but more vigorous, more capable of fixed application, and can make themselves sport with that which a little earlier would have affected them with intolerable fatigue.' Dr Charlton also, in his Brief Discourse concerning the Different Wits of Men, has admirably described two characters, in one of which strength is displayed without vivacity, and in the other vivacity without strength; the latter he calls the man of 'nimble wit,' the former the man of 'slow but sure wit.' In this respect the French character may be contrasted with the Scotch. As a general rule, the largest organs in each head have naturally the greatest, and the smallest the least, tendency to act, and to perform their functions with rapidity. The temperaments also indicate the amount of this tendency. The nervous is the most vivacious, next the sanguine, then the bilious, while the lymphatic is characterised by proneness to inaction. In a lymphatic brain, great size may be present and few manifestations occur through sluggishness; but if a strong external stimulus be presented, energy often appears. If the brain be very small, no degree of stimulus, either external or internal, will cause great power to be manifested. THEOLOGIANS. DR SAMUEL PARR. DR SAMUEL Parr (1747-1825) was better known as a classical scholar than a theologian. His sermons on education (1780) are, however, marked with cogency of argument and liberality of feeling. His celebrated Spital sermon (1800), when printed, presented the singular anomaly of fifty-one pages of text and two hundred and twelve of notes. Mr in this discourse, as not sufficiently democratic for Godwin attacked some of the principles laid down A certain combination of organs-namely, Combat- his taste; for though a stanch Whig, Parr was no iveness, Destructiveness, Hope, Firmness, Acquisitiveness, revolutionist or leveller. His object was to extend and Love of Approbation, all large-is favourable to education among the poor, and to ameliorate their general vivacity of mind; and another combination- condition by gradual and constitutional means. Dr namely, Combativeness, Destructiveness, Hope, Firm- Parr was long head-master of Norwich School; and ness, and Acquisitiveness, small or moderate, with Vener- in knowledge of Greek literature was not surpassed ation and Benevolence large-is frequently attended with by any scholar of his day. His uncompromising sluggishness of the mental character; but the activity support of Whig principles, his extensive learning, of the whole brain is constitutionally greater in some and a certain pedantry and oddity of character, individuals than in others, as already explained. It rendered him always conspicuous among his brothermay even happen that, in the same individual, one churchmen. He died at Hatton, in Warwickshire, organ is naturally more active than another, without the perpetual curacy of which he had enjoyed for reference to size, just as the optic nerve is sometimes above forty years, and where he had faithfully more irritable than the auditory; but this is by no discharged his duties as a parish pastor. means a common occurrence. Exercise greatly increases activity as well as power, and hence arise the benefits of education. Dr Spurzheim thinks that long fibres produce more activity, and thick fibres more intensity.' DR EDWARD MALTBY. EDWARD MALTBY, successively Bishop of ChichesThe doctrine, that size is a measure of power, is not ter and Durham, was born in Norwich, April 6, to be held as implying that much power is the only or 1770. In his eighth year he became a pupil of Dr even the most valuable quality which a mind in all Parr, who was afterwards his warm friend and concircumstances can possess. To drag artillery over a stant correspondent. In 1785 Dr Parr retired from mountain, or a ponderous wagon through the streets of the school at Norwich, and as his pupil was too London, we would prefer an elephant or a horse of great young to go to the university, Parr said to him: size and muscular power; while, for graceful motion,Ned, you have got Greek and Latin enough. You agility, and nimbleness, we would select an Arabian must go to Dr Warton at Winchester, and from him acquire taste and the art of composition.' In 1788 Mr Maltby commenced his residence at Pembroke Hall in the University of Cambridge, where he became a distinguished scholar, carrying off the highest academical honours. Having entered the church, he received in 1794 the living of Buckden in Huntingdonshire, and Holbeach in Lincolnshire. In 1823, he was elected preacher of Lincoln's Inn; in 1831, he was promoted to the see of Chichester; and in 1836, was translated to that of Durham. After holding the see of Durham for about twenty years, his sight began to fail, with other infirmities of age, and he obtained permission to resign the see in the year 1856. Bishop Maltby is author of Illustrations of the Truth of the Christian Religion (1802), several volumes of Sermons, an improved edition of Morell's Thesaurus-a work of great research and value—and several detached sermons, charges, &c. While Bishop of Durham, Dr Maltby was of eminent service to the university there, and was distinguished no less for his scholastic tastes and acquirements than for his liberality towards all other sects and churches. DR THOMAS H. HORNE-DR HERBERT MARSH. One of the most useful of modern Biblical works is The Introduction to the Study of the Scriptures, by THOMAS HARTWELL HORNE, D.D. (born in 1780, and one of the scholars of Christ's Hospital). The first edition of the Introduction appeared in 1818, in three volumes, and it has since been enlarged into five volumes: the tenth edition appeared in 1856. The most competent critical authorities have concurred in eulogising this work as the most valuable introduction to the sacred writings which has ever been published. The venerable author still officiates as rector of a London parish, and has a prebend in St Paul's Cathedral. He is author of a vast number of theological treatises and of contributions to periodical works. Kenilworth, in Warwickshire) in 1816 published an Examination of St Paul's Epistles; in 1821, Sermons on the Christian Faith and Character; in 1822, Treatise on the Records of Creation (appealed to by Sir Charles Lyell as a proof that revelation and geology are not discordant); in 1824, Evidences of Christianity, &c. These works have all been very popular, and have gone through a great number of editions. DR CHARLES RICHARD SUMNER (born in 1790) in 1822 published a treatise on the Ministerial Character of Christ. In 1823 he was intrusted with the editing and translating Milton's long-lost treatise on Christian Doctrine, and Macaulay has warmly praised the manner in which he discharged his task. The charges and public appearances of this prelate have all been of a liberal evangelical character. DR GEORGE D'OYLY (1778-1846), in conjunction with DR RICHARD MANT-afterwards bishop of Down and Connor-prepared an annotated edition of the Bible, 1813-14, to be published by the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge. This work has been frequently reprinted at Oxford and Cambridge, and is held in high repute as a popular library of divinity. Dr D'Oyly published various volumes of sermons and other theological treatises, and was a contributor to the Quarterly Review. Dr Mant was also a popular writer of sermons.-The REV. CHRISTOPHER BENSON, prebendary of Worcester, is author of the Chronology of our Saviour's Life, 1819; Twenty Discourses preached before the University of Cambridge, 1820; the Hulsean Lectures for 1822, On Scripture Difficulties, &c.-The sermons of the REV. CHARLES WEBB LE BAS, professor in the East India College, Hertfordshire (1828), have also been well received. An American divine, DR TIMOTHY DWIGHT (1752-1817), is author of a comprehensive work, Theology Explained and Defended, which has long been popular in this country as well as in the United States. It consists of a series of 173 sermons, developing a scheme of didactic theology, founded upon moderate Calvinism. The work has gone through six or eight editions in England, besides almost innumerable editions in America. Dr Dwight was president of Yale College from 1795 until his death, and was a voluminous writer in poetry, history, philosophy, and divinity. His latest work, Travels in New England and New York, four volumes, gives an interesting and faithful account of the author's native country, its progress, and condition. REV. ROBERT HALL. DR HERBERT MARSH, bishop of Peterborough, who died in May 1839 at an advanced age, obtained distinction as the translator and commentator of Michaelis's Introduction to the New Testament, one of the most valuable of modern works on divinity. In 1807 this divine was appointed Lady Margaret's professor of divinity in the University of Cambridge, in 1816 he was made bishop of Llandaff, and in 1819 he succeeded to the see of Peterborough. Besides his edition of Michaelis, Dr Marsh published Lectures on Divinity, and a Comparative View of the Churches of England and Rome. He was author also of some controversial tracts on the Catholic question, the Bible society, &c., in which he evinced great The REV. ROBERT HALL, A.M., is justly regarded acuteness, tinctured with asperity. In early life, as one of the most distinguished ornaments of the during a residence in Germany, Dr Marsh published, body of English dissenters. He was the son of a in the German language, various tracts in defence Baptist minister, and born at Arnsby, near Leicester, of the policy of his own country in the continental on the 2d of May 1764. He studied divinity at an wars; and more particularly a very elaborate His-academy in Bristol for the education of young men tory of the Politics of Great Britain and France, from the Time of the Conference at Pilnitz to the Declaration of War, a work which is said to have produced a marked impression on the state of public opinion in Germany, and for which he received a very considerable pension on the recommendation of Mr Pitt. ARCHBISHOP AND BISHOP SUMNER- The brothers, DRS SUMNER, have earned merited distinction and high preferment in the church. The primate of England, DR JOHN BIRD SUMNER, lord-archbishop of Canterbury (born in 1780 at preparing for the ministerial office among the Baptists, and was admitted a preacher in 1780, but next year attended King's College, Aberdeen. Sir James Mackintosh was at the same time a student of the university, and the congenial tastes and pursuits of the young men led to an intimate friendship between them. From their partiality to Greek literature, they were named by their class-fellows 'Plato and Herodotus.' Both were also attached to the study of morals and metaphysics, which they cherished through life. Hall entered the church as assistant to a Baptist minister at Bristol, whence he removed in 1790 to Cambridge. He first appeared as an author by publishing a controversial pamphlet, entitled Christianity Consistent with a Love of Freedom, which appeared in 1791; in 1793 he published his eloquent and powerful treatise, An Apology for the Freedom of the Press; and in 1799 his sermon, Modern Infidelity considered with respect to its Influence on Society. The latter was designed to stem the torrent of infidelity which had set in with the French Revolution, and is no less remarkable for profound thought than for the elegance of its style, and the Rev. Robert Hall. เ His solid learning and unfeigned piety gave a weight and impressiveness to all he uttered and wrote, while his classic taste enabled him to clothe his thoughts and imagery in language the most appropriate, beautiful, and commanding. Those who listened to his pulpit ministrations were entranced by his fervid eloquence, which truly disclosed the beauty of holiness,' and melted by the awe and fervour with which he dwelt on the mysteries of death and eternity. His published writings give but a brief and inadequate picture of his varied talents; yet they are so highly finished, and display such a combination of different powers-of logical precision, metaphysical acuteness, practical sense and sagacity, with a rich and luxuriant imagination, and all the graces of composition-that they must be considered among the most valuable contributions made to modern theological literature. A complete edition of his works has been published, with a life, by Dr Olinthus Gregory, in six volumes. [On Wisdom.] Every other quality besides is subordinate and inferior to wisdom, in the same sense as the mason who lays the bricks and stones in a building is inferior to the architect who drew the plan and superintends the work. The former executes only what the latter contrives and directs. Now, it is the prerogative of wisdom to preside over every inferior principle, to regulate the exercise of every power, and limit the indulgence of every appetite, as shall best conduce to one great end. It being the province of wisdom to preside, it sits as umpire on every difficulty, and so gives the final direction and control to all the powers of our nature. Hence it is entitled to be considered as the top and summit of perfection. It belongs to wisdom to determine when to act, and when to cease-when to reveal, and when to conceal a matter-when to speak, and when to keep silence-when to give, and when to receive; in short, determine the end, and provide the means of obtaining to regulate the measure of all things, as well as to the end pursued in every deliberate course of action. Every particular faculty or skill, besides, needs to derive direction from this; they are all quite incapable of directing themselves. The art of navigation, for instance, will teach us to steer a ship across the ocean, but it will never teach us on what occasions it is proper to take a voyage. The art of war will instruct us how to marshal an army, or to fight a battle to the greatest advantage, but you must learn from a higher school when it is fitting, just, and proper to wage war or to make peace. The art of the husbandman is to sow and bring to maturity the precious fruits of the earth; it belongs to another skill to regulate their consumption by a regard to our health, fortune, and other circumstances. In short, there is no faculty we can exert, no species of skill we can apply, but requires a superintending hand-but looks up, as it were, to some higher principle, as a maid to her mistress for direction, and this universal superintendent is wisdom. splendour of its imagery. His celebrity as a writer was further extended by his Reflections on War, a sermon published in 1802; and The Sentiments proper to the Present Crisis, another sermon preached in 1803. The latter is highly eloquent and spiritstirring-possessing, indeed, the fire and energy of a martial lyric or war-song. In November 1804 the noble intellect of Mr Hall was deranged, in consequence of severe study operating on an ardent and susceptible temperament. His friends set on foot a subscription for pecuniary assistance, and a lifeannuity of £100 was procured for him. He shortly afterwards resumed his ministerial functions, but in about twelve months he had another attack. This also was speedily removed; but Mr Hall resigned his church at Cambridge. On his complete recovery, he became pastor of a congregation at Leicester, where he resided for about twenty years. During this time he published a few sermons and criticisms in the Eclectic Review. The labour of writing for the press was opposed to his habits and feelings. He was fastidious as to style, and he suffered under a disease in the spine which entailed upon him acute pain. A sermon on the death of the Princess [From the Funeral Sermon for the Princess Charlotte Charlotte in 1819 was justly considered one of the most impressive, touching, and lofty of his discourses. In 1826 he removed from Leicester to Bristol, where he officiated in charge of the Baptist congregation till within a fortnight of his death, which took place on the 21st of February 1831. The masculine intellect and extensive acquirements of Mr Hall have seldom been found united to so much rhetorical and even poetical brilliancy of imagination. His taste was more refined than that of Burke, and his style more chaste and correct. of Wales.] Born to inherit the most illustrious monarchy in the world, and united at an early period to the object of her choice, whose virtues amply justified her preference, she enjoyed (what is not always the privilege of that rank) the highest connubial felicity, and had the prospect of combining all the tranquil enjoyments of private life with the splendour of a royal station. Placed on the summit of society, to her every eye was turned, in her every hope was centered, and nothing was wanting to complete her felicity except perpetuity. To grandeur of mind suited to her royal birth and lofty destination, she joined an exquisite taste for the beauties of nature and the charms of retirement, where, far from the gaze of the multitude, and the frivolous agitations of fashionable life, she employed her hours in visiting, with her distinguished consort, the cottages of the poor, in improving her virtues, in perfecting her reason, and acquiring the knowledge best adapted to qualify her for the possession of power and the cares of empire. One thing only was wanting to render our satisfaction complete in the prospect of the accession of such a princess; it was, that she might become the living mother of children. The long-wished-for moment at length arrived; but, alas! the event anticipated with such eagerness will form the most melancholy part of our history. It is no reflection on this amiable princess to suppose that in her early dawn, with the dew of her youth so fresh upon her, she anticipated a long series of years, and expected to be led through successive scenes of enchantment, rising above each other in fascination and beauty. It is natural to suppose she identified herself with this great nation which she was born to govern; and that, while she contemplated its pre-eminent lustre in arts and in arms, its commerce encircling the globe, its colonies diffused through both hemispheres, and the beneficial effects of its institutions extending to the whole earth, she considered them as so many component parts of her grandeur. Her heart, we may well conceive, would often be ruffled with emotions of trembling ecstasy when she reflected that it was her province to live entirely for others, to compass the felicity of a great people, to move in a sphere which would afford scope for the exercise of philanthropy the most enlarged, of wisdom the most enlightened; and that, while others are doomed to pass through the world in obscurity, she was to supply the materials of history, and to impart that impulse to society which was to decide the destiny of future generations. Fired with the ambition of equalling or surpassing the most distinguished of her predecessors, she probably did not despair of reviving the remembrance of the brightest parts of their story, and of once more attaching the epoch of British glory to the annals of a female reign. It is needless to add that the nation went with her, and probably outstripped her in these delightful anticipations. We fondly hoped that a life so inestimable would be protracted to a distant period, and that, after diffusing the blessings of a just and enlightened administration, and being surrounded by a numerous progeny, she would gradually, in a good old age, sink under the horizon amidst the embraces of her family and the benedictions of her country. But, alas! these delightful visions are fled; and what do we behold in their room but the funeralpall and shroud, a palace in mourning, a nation in tears, and the shadow of death settled over both like a cloud! Oh the unspeakable vanity of human hopes! -the incurable blindness of man to futurity!-ever doomed to grasp at shadows; 'to seize' with avidity what turns to dust and ashes in his hands; to sow the wind, and reap the whirlwind. REV. JOHN FOSTER. The REV. JOHN FOSTER (1770-1843) was author of a volume of Essays, in a Series of Letters, published in 1805, which was justly ranked among the most original and valuable works of the day. The essays are four in number-On a Man's Writing Memoirs of Himself; On Decision of Character; On the Application of the Epithet Romantic; and On Some of the Causes by which Evangelical Religion has been rendered less acceptable to Persons of Cultivated Taste. Mr Foster's essays are excellent models of vigorous thought and expression, uniting metaphysical nicety and acuteness with practical sagacity and common sense. He also wrote a volume on the Evils of Popular Ignorance, 1819, and Contributions to the Eclectic Review, two volumes, 1844. His Lectures delivered at Broadmead Chapel, Bristol, were collected and published 1844-47. Like Hall, Mr Foster was pastor of a Baptist congregation. He died at Stapleton, near Bristol. In the essay On a Man's Writing Memoirs of Himself, Mr Foster speculates on the various phases of a changeable character, and on the contempt which we entertain at an advanced period of life for what we were at an earlier period. [Changes in Life and Opinions.] Though in memoirs intended for publication a large share of incident and action would generally be necessary, yet there are some men whose mental history alone might be very interesting to reflective readers; as, for instance, that of a thinking-man remarkable for a number of complete changes of his speculative system. From observing the usual tenacity of views once deliberately adopted in mature life, we regard as a curious phenomenon the man whose mind has been a kind of caravansera of opinions, entertained a while, and then sent on pilgrimage; a man who has admired and dismissed systems with the same facility with which John Buncle found, adored, married, and interred his succession of wives, each one being, for the time, not only better than all that went before, but the best in the creation. You admire the versatile aptitude of a mind sliding into successive forms of belief in this intellectual metempsychosis, by which it animates so many new bodies of doctrines in their turn. And as none of those dying pangs which hurt you in a tale of India attend the desertion of each of these speculative forms which the soul has a while inhabited, you are extremely amused by the number of transitions, and eagerly ask what is to be the next, for you never deem the present state of such a man's views to be for permanence, unless perhaps when he has terminated his course of believing everything in ultimately believing nothing. Even then, unless he is very old, or feels more pride in being a sceptic, the conqueror of all systems, than he ever felt in being the champion of one, even then it is very possible he may spring up again, like a vapour of fire from a bog, and glimmer through new mazes, or retrace his course through half of those which he trod before. You will observe that no respect attaches to this Proteus of opinion after his changes have been multiplied, as no party expect him to remain with them, nor deem him much of an acquisition if he should. One, or perhaps two, considerable changes will be regarded as signs of a liberal inquirer, and therefore the party to which his first or his second intellectual conversion may assign him will receive him gladly. But he will be deemed to have abdicated the dignity of reason when it is found that he can adopt no principles but to betray them; and it will be perhaps justly suspected that there is something extremely infirm in the structure of that mind, whatever vigour may mark some of its operations, to which a series of very different, and sometimes contrasted theories, can appear in succession demonstratively true, and which imitates sincerely the perverseness which Petruchio only affected, declaring that which was yesterday to a certainty the sun, to be to-day as certainly the moon. It would be curious to observe in a man, who should make such an exhibition of the course of his mind, the sly deceit of self-love. While he despises the system which he has rejected, he does not deem it to imply so great a want of sense in him once to have embraced it, as in the rest who were then or are now its disciples and advocates. No; in him it was no debility of |